Gasteruption parvicollarium Enderlein, 1913

Tan, Jiang-Li, Achterberg, Cornelis van, Wu, Jia-Xuan, Wang, Hang & Zhang, Qi-Jing, 2021, An illustrated key to the species of Gasteruption Latreille (Hymenoptera, Gasteruptiidae) from Palaearctic China, with description of four new species, ZooKeys 1038, pp. 1-103 : 1

Gasteruption parvicollarium Enderlein, 1913 Figs 213-214 , 215-223 , 224-225 , 226-231

Gasteruption parvicollarium Enderlein, 1913: 323-324; Hedicke 1939: 27; Pasteels 1958: 183; Zhao et al. 2012: 68-72 (p.p.).

Additonal material.

2 ♀ (NWUX), NE China: Shaanxi, Xi’an, NWU Taibai campus, small garden, ca. 410 m alt., on flowers of Cayratia japonica ( Thunberg ), 24.v.2018, JL Tan ; 2 ♀, id. but 13.vi.2020; 1 ♀, NWU Chang’an campus, on flowers of Daucus carota L. 30.vi.2020, JL Tan ; 2 ♀ + 1 ♂ (RMNH), id., 27-30.vi.2017, C. v. Achterberg; 1 ♂ (NWUX), id., 7.vi.2018; 1 ♂ (NWUX), id., but 12.vi.2018, QQ Tan, RN Zhang; 1 ♀ + 1 ♂ (NWUX), NE China: Shaanxi, Lantian Ape Man Site , 34.10°N, 110.30°E, 8.vii. 2017, 775 m alt., Qingqing Tan ; 2 ♀ (NWUX), NW China: Shaanxi, Xi’an, Bailuyuan, Baqiao , 34.20°N, 109.12°E, 14.vii. 2018, 687 m alt., Ruonan Zhang ; 3 ♀ + 1 ♂ (NWUX, RMNH), S China: Fujian, Tianbaoyan, Yong-an , 25°53'42"N, 117°28'05"E, 22.v.-12.vi.2018 / 5-9.vi.2018 / 26.vi.2018 /x-xii.2018, Mal. trap, 530 m alt., Lingfei Peng ; 2 ♀ (NWUX), "S China: Fujian, Huboljiao, Nanping , 24°54'24"N, 117°12'52"E, 27.v.2018, Mal. trap, 300 m alt., Lingfei Peng, NWUX" .

Notes.

The proper recognition of a species depends a lot on the size and quality of the type series and Gasteruption species are no exception. It becomes very complicated if the holotype (and only available type specimen) is a deformed male from Taiwan as in the case of G. parvicollarium Enderlein. The illustrated associated female by Zhao et al. (2012) is very similar, but has a relatively short head compared to the holotype (which should be the other way around), the mandibles are yellowish (dark brown in the holotype) and the vertex in lateral view is less curved than in the holotype. Sometimes the solution is nearby; in the little garden of the old NWU Taibai campus (about 200 m away from the old city wall in the centre of a very large city), both sexes of a very similar Gasteruption species were collected on bush-killer, Cayratia japonica (Thunb.) Gagnep. ( Vitaceae ) in 2018. The flowers have easy reachable nectar and are visited by many Hymenoptera , including small Hylaeus bees, which may serve as hosts of G. parvicollarium . The female is more similar to the male holotype than the illustrated female by Zhao et al. (2012) and is obviously the real female of G. parvicollarium . Both sexes are illustrated in this paper; the related species with less bulging vertex is described as a new species ( G. granulatum sp. nov.). The E. Palaearctic G. parvicollarium shares with the W. Palaearctic G. variolosum (Abeille de Perrin, 1879) the bulging vertex, the ovipositor sheath about 1.5 × as long as the hind tibia and the elongate head. It differs by the finely coriaceous mesoscutum (reticulate-punctate in G. variolosum ), the medium-sized dorsal teeth at the ovipositor apex (minute dorsal teeth), the narrower face (wider) and the coriaceous pronotal side (mainly rugulose).

Distribution.

China (Fujian, Shaanxi, Taiwan). Other reports need reconfirmation. New for Fujian and Shaanxi.

Figures

Figures 213 - 214. Gasteruption parvicollarium Enderlein, ♀, Shaanxi 213 habitus lateral 214 apex of ovipositor lateral.

Figures 215 - 223. Gasteruption parvicollarium Enderlein, ♀, Shaanxi 215 head lateral 216 mesosoma lateral 217 mesosoma dorsal 218 hind leg 219 ovipositor and ovipositor sheath 220 head anterior 221 head dorsal 222 wings 223 apex of metasoma ventral.

Figures 224 - 225. Gasteruption parvicollarium Enderlein, ♂, Shaanxi 224 habitus lateral 225 apex of metasoma lateral.

Figures 226 - 231. Gasteruption parvicollarium Enderlein, ♂, Shaanxi 226 head lateral 227 mesosoma dorsal 228 hind leg lateral 229 basal antennal segments lateral 230 head anterior 231 head dorsal.