Heteropterys Kunth, 2024

de Almeida, Rafael F., de Morais, Isa L., Alves-Silva, Thais, Antonio-Domingues, Higor & Pellegrini, Marco O. O., 2024, A new classification system and taxonomic synopsis for Malpighiaceae (Malpighiales, Rosids) based on molecular phylogenetics, morphology, palynology, and chemistry, PhytoKeys 242, pp. 69-138 : 69-138

2.7. 10. Heteropterys Kunth , Nov. Gen. Sp. 5 [quarto]: 163. 1822 [1821] nom. cons.

Figs 8 L, Q, U , 11 C, D

= Banisteria L. , Sp. Pl.: 427. 1753, nom. rej. Type species: Banisteria brachiata L. [≡ Heteropterys brachiata ( L.) DC. ].

= Banisteria sect. Holopetalon Griseb. , Linnaea 13: 199. 1839 ≡ Holopetalon (Griseb.) Rchb. , Deut. Bot. Herb. - Buch: 207. 1841. Type species: Banisteria patens Griseb. [≡ Heteropterys patens (Griseb.) A. Juss. ]

= Clonodia Griseb. in Martius, Fl. Bras. 12 (1): 26. 1858. Type species: Clonodia verrucosa Griseb. (= Heteropterys racemosa A. Juss. ).

= Atopocarpus Cuatrec. , Webbia 13: 454. 1958. Type species: Atopocarpus papillosus Cuatrec. (= Heteropterys racemosa A. Juss. ).

= Skoliopteris Cuatrec. , Webbia 13: 451. 1958. Type species: Skoliopteris lehmanniana (Nied.) Cuatrec. [= Heteropterys complicata (Kunth) W. R. Anderson & C. Davis ].

Type species.

Heteropterys purpurea ( L.) Kunth.

Notes.

Heteropterys comprises 166 currently accepted species (75 threatened species; Suppl. material 1) of treelets, shrubs, subshrubs or lianas endemic to rainforests, savannas, and seasonally dry tropical forests from North America ( Mexico) to South America ( Argentina), and West Africa ( Angola, Cameroon, Congo, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Zaire; POWO 2024). There is no updated identification key for all species of Heteropterys , but for regional treatments, see Anderson (1981) for the Guyana Highland, Almeida et al. (2020) for Brazil, and Pool (in prep.) for Mesoamerica. Glicophyllum jussieuanum (Nied.) R. F. Almeida is here placed in the synonymy of G. argenteum (A. Juss.) R. F. Almeida & M. Pell. comb. nov., due to its basionym being a replacement name for Hiraea argentea A. Juss.

Figures

Figure 8. Sepals, glands, and petals of Malpighiaceae flowers A sepals with rounded apex of Hiptage benghalensis and sessile sepal gland B sepals with acute apex of Christianella multiglandulosa and sessile sepal glands C sepals with acute apex of Byrsonima gardneriana and sessile sepal glands D stalked sepal glands of Heladena multiflora E white petals of Acmanthera latifolia F pale yellow glands of Bunchosia glandulifera G yellow glands of Mcvaughia sergipana H pale green glands of Bronwenia megaptera I green glands of Camarea axillaris J yellow and deflexed petals of Byrsonima sericea K white glands of Acmanthera parviflora L pink glands of Heteropterys rubiginosa M brown glands of Amorimia pellegrinii N red glands of Niedenzuella poeppigiana O yellow and patent petals of Ptilochaeta bahiensis P oval petal limb of Galphimia gracilis Q elliptic petal limb of Heteropterys oberdanii R obovate petal limb of Bronwenia megaptera S pubescent petal surface of Diplopterys bahiana T orange-red petals of Tetrapterys phlomoides U entire margin of the petal of Heteropterys oberdanii V erose margin of the petal of Bronwenia megaptera W fimbriate margin of the petal of Schwannia schwannioides X dentate margin of the petal of Peixotoa hispidula Y glandular-fimbriate margin of the petal of Alicia anisopetala Z lilac petals of Mascagnia lilacina (A, C, F – H, I, J, L – S, U – W by R. F. Almeida; B, N, T, Y by M. O. O. Pellegrini; D by A. Francener; E by R. Goldenberg; Z by O. J. A. Ayala).

Figure 11. Types of winged schizocarpic fruits in Malpighiaceae A single dorsal winged mericarp of Diplopterys pubipetala showing lateral wings B detail of part of the winged mericarp of Banisteriopsis argyrophylla C, D 1 dorsal winged mericarp (s) of Heteropterys byrsonimifolia E winged mericarp of Peixotoa catharinensis showing lateral winglets F winged mericarp of Amorimia candidae with two lateral wings more developed than the reduced dorsal wing G winged mericarp of Lophopterys floribunda H winged mericarp of Carolus chasei with two lateral wings more developed (dorsal wing absent) I winged mericarp of Mascagnia sepium with 1 lateral orbicular wing J winged mericarp of Tetrapterys phlomoides with 4 free, lateral wings (superior ones longer, inferior ones shorter) K winged mericarp of Glicophyllum cardiophyllum with 4 free, lateral wings (superior ones shorter, inferior ones longer) L winged mericarp of Niedenzuella acutifolia with 4 free, equalling lateral wings M winged mericarp of Hiptage benghalensis with three free, lateral wings more developed (photographs A by A. Popovkin; B, E, I, J by M. O. O. Pellegrini; C, D, F, H, K, L by R. F. Almeida; G by G. Shimizu; M by G. Cahyadi).