Batillipes tubernatis Pollock, 1971

Kaczmarek, Łukasz, Bartels, Paul J., Roszkowska, Milena & Nelson, Diane R., 2015, The Zoogeography of Marine Tardigrada, Zootaxa 4037 (1), pp. 1-189 : 39-41

31. Batillipes tubernatis Pollock, 1971

Batillipes sp. ( Riemann 1966a)

Batillipes tubernatis sp.nov. ( Pollock 1971)

B. tubernatis Pollock, 1971 ( Höfling 1972)

B. tubernatis Pollock ( McIntyre & Murison 1973)

Batillipes tubernatis Pollock (Moore 1979 , Morgan 1980)

Batillipes tubernatis ( Morgan & Lampard 1986b, Jørgensen et al. 2010)

Terra typica : Atlantic Ocean ( UK, Europe)

Atlantic Ocean:

• 57°50′N, 05°41′W: 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Type Locality: UK, Scotland, Highland County, Loch Ewe, Firemore Bay (Gaineahm Smuagh), just above low water neaps, 5–12 cm deep in sand (0.22 mm). Pollock (1971)

• 57°50′N, 05°41′W; mean high water neaps to 3 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, Highland County, Loch Ewe, Firemore Bay, flatfish nursery ground, small pocket beach, beach or subtidal zone, 4–16 cm deep in sand, sand. McIntyre & Murison (1973)

• 55°55′N, 04°53′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, Inverclyde County, Clyde Sea, Lunderston Bay, Inverclyde, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°52′N, 04°53′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Meigle Bay, Cunninghame, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°41′N, 04°52′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Ardneil Bay, Cunninghame, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°39′N, 04°49′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Adrosson, North Bay, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°37′N, 04°43′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Ardeer, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°36′N, 05°28′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, Argyll and Bute County, Clyde Sea, Carradale, Kintyre, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°36′N, 04°41′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Irvine, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°35′N, 04°40′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Gailes, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°35′N, 04°40′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Irvine, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°34′N, 05°23′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea area, Pernmill, Arran. Morgan & Lampard (1986a, b)

• 55°34′N, 04°40′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, South Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Barassie, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°33′N, 05°21′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea area, Machriewaterfoot, Arran. Morgan & Lampard (1986a, b)

• 55°32′N, 05°07′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea area, Lamlash Bay, Arran. Morgan & Lampard (1986a, b)

• 55°32′N, 04°40′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, South Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Troon, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°29′N, 05°06′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, North Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea area, Whiting Bay, Arran. Morgan & Lampard (1986a, b)

• 55°28′N, 04°38′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, South Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Ayr, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°17′N, 04°50′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, South Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Turnberry Bay, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 55°05′N, 05°01′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, South Ayrshire County, Clyde Sea, Ballantrae Bay, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 54°48′N, 04°57′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, Dumfries and Galloway County, Clyde Sea, Sandhead, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 54°45′N, 05°00′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, Dumfries and Galloway County, Clyde Sea, Port Logan Bay, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 54°44′N, 04°55′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, Scotland, Dumfries and Galloway County, Clyde Sea, New England Bay, intertidal, interstitial. Morgan & Lampard (1986a)

• 54°12′N, 10°06′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Ireland, Connacht Province, Mayo County, Mullet Peninsula, washings from barnacles ( Balanus sp.). Morgan (1980)

• 53°58′N, 10°04′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Ireland, Connacht Province, Mayo County, Trawmore Sand, sand sample. Morgan (1980)

• 53°57′N, 10°11′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Ireland, Connacht Province, Mayo County, Keem Strand. Hummon (1994)

• 53°44′N, 09°54′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Ireland, Connacht Province, Mayo County, sand sample. Morgan (1980)

• 53°39′N, 09°53′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Ireland, Connacht Province, Mayo County, sand sample. Morgan (1980)

• 43°00′N, 70°40′W [42°00′N, 70°38′W]; 0 m bsl: [FAO21] USA, Massachusetts State, Plymouth County, Plymouth Harbor, near Duxbury, Saquish Neck, beach sand. Hummon (1994)

• 29°54′N, 84°24′W; 0–15 cm / 0.15 m bsl: [FAO31] USA, Florida State, Franklin County, Gulf of Mexico, Alligator Harbor, high energy beach, mid to low tidal height, sample from the vertical wall of the excavation from the beach surface to the depth of the water. McKirdy (1975)

• 27°46′N, 82°37′W; 0–15 cm / 0.15 m bsl: [FAO31] USA, Florida State, Pinellas County, Gulf of Mexico, St. Petersburg, high energy beach, mid to low tidal height, sample from the vertical wall of the excavation from the beach surface to the depth of the water. McKirdy (1975)

• 27°43′N, 82°42′W; 0 m bsl: USA, [FAO31] Florida State, Pinellas County, Gulf of Mexico, low energy beach near Cat’s Point, west bank of a channel connecting Boca Ciega Bay with Tampa Bay, sample from the vertical wall of the excavation from the beach surface to the depth of the water, surface sediments. McKirdy (1975)

• 27°13′N, 82°31′W; 0–15 cm / 0.15 m bsl: [FAO31] USA, Florida State, Sarasota County, Gulf of Mexico, Blind Pass on Siesta Key, high energy beach, mid to low tidal height, sample from the vertical wall of the excavation from the beach surface to the depth of the water. McKirdy (1975)

• 26°45′N, 82°16′W; 0–15 cm / 0.15 m bsl: [FAO31] USA, Florida State, Charlotte County, Gulf of Mexico, Gasparilla Island, high energy beach, mid to low tidal height, sample from the vertical wall of the excavation from the beach surface to the depth of the water. McKirdy (1975)

• 23°26′S, 45°04′W; 0 m bsl; [FAO41] Brazil, São Paulo State, Ubatuba, fine sand. Höfling (1972)

Celtic Sea:

• 50°36′N, 03°24′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, England, Devon County, Exe Estuary. Hummon (1994)

• 48°44′N, 03°59′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] France, Brittany Region, Roscoff, Roscoff Marine Biological Station. Jørgensen et al. (2010)

Irish Sea:

• 54°19′N, 04°23′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Isle of Man, Ramsey, intertidal, quartz sand. Moore (1979)

• 54°17′N, 04°36′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Isle of Man, Kirk Michael, intertidal, quartz sand. Moore (1979)

• 54°13′N, 04°42′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Isle of Man, Peel, intertidal, quartz sand. Moore (1979)

• 54°09′N, 04°29′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Isle of Man, Douglas, intertidal, quartz sand. Moore (1979)

• 52°53′N, 06°03′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Ireland, Leinster Province, Wicklow County, Brittas Bay, low water sand. Morgan (1980)

North Sea:

• 54°26′N, 00°32′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, England, North Yorkshire County, Stoupe Beck Beach, sand. Pollock (1971)

• 54°12′N, 00°17′W; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] UK, England, North Yorkshire County, Filey Beach, sand. Pollock (1971)

• 53°56′N, 08°47′E; 13.5 m bsl: [FAO27] Germany, Lower Saxony State, Wadden Sea edge, mouth of Elbe River, fine to medium sand. Riemann (1966a), Pollock (1971)

• 53°54′N, 08°39′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Germany, Lower Saxony State, Wadden Sea, Elbe River estuary, near the lightship Elbe 3 (NW of Cuxhaven and NE of Neuwerk), clean fine sand. Riemann (1966a), Pollock (1971)

• 53°53′N, 08°41′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Germany, Lower Saxony State, Wadden Sea edge, Elbe River estuary, N of Cuxhaven, fine sand and “flour sand” (mean diameter 0.125 mm). Riemann (1966a), Pollock (1971)

• 53°52′N, 09°08′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Germany, Lower Saxony State, S edge of Wadden Sea, Elbe River estuary, near Brunsbüttel, sandbank, “flour sand”. Riemann (1966a), Pollock (1971)

• 53°51′N, 08°45′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Germany, Lower Saxony State, Wadden Sea edge, Elbe River estuary, Cuxhaven, beach, coarse sand. Riemann (1966a), Pollock (1971)

• 53°50′N, 08°46′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Germany, Lower Saxony State, Wadden Sea edge, Elbe River estuary, N of Altenbruch, sandbank, “flour sand” (mean diameter 0.062–0.125 mm). Riemann (1966a), Pollock (1971)

• 53°50′N, 08°52′E; 0 m bsl: [FAO27] Germany, Lower Saxony State, Wadden Sea edge, Elbe River estuary, N of Ottendorf, sandbank, “flour sand”. Riemann (1966a), Pollock (1971)

Record numbers (Sea/Ocean classification): Atlantic Ocean: 35, Celtic Sea: 2, Irish Sea: 5, North Sea: 9; total: 51.

Record numbers (FAO classification): FAO21: 1, FAO27: 44, FAO31: 5, FAO41: 1; total: 51.

Remarks: Batillipes tubernatis is frequently reported from the waters around the UK, but has also been found off the coast of Florida and Brazil. Specimens collected as Batillipes sp. from Elbe estuary (North Sea) ( Riemann 1966a) were later identified as B. tubernatis by Pollock (1971). This is an intertidal (to 13.5 m bsl in Elbe estuary) and interstitial species usually found down to a few centimetres deep in sand sediments. It is also present in seawater to low salinity, and polluted sediments (Elbe river: Riemann (1966b) according to Pollock (1971)).