Lucanus parryi Boileau, 1899

Zhan, Zhihong & Young, Daniel K., 2023, A taxonomic assessment and redefinition of the Lucanus fortunei species group in China (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae), Zoological Systematics 48 (4), pp. 279-360 : 343-345

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11865/zs.2023401
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:46AA3E9C-C065-415D-946B-0813AF169B14
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A51987E0-7F14-FFDB-FF02-ACB2FCF7FEEE
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Lucanus parryi Boileau, 1899
status

Treatment

Lucanus parryi Boileau, 1899 View in CoL ( Figs 231–243 View Figures 231–238 View Figures 239–243 , 275 View Figures 260–275 , 307 View Figures 276–307 , 335 View Figures 324–335 , 363 View Figures 336–363 , 454–456 View Figures 436–456 , 475 View Figures 467–476 )

Lucanus parryi Boileau, 1899: 111 View in CoL ; Planet, 1900: 285; Planet, 1902: 78, fig. 42; Didier, 1949: plate 20; Didier & Séguy, 1953: 85; Bomans, 1989: 4; Mizunuma & Nagai, 1994: 217, plate 17, figs 116-1–8; Katsura & Giang, 2002: figs 7a–d.

Lucanus oberthuri Planet, 1897: 171 View in CoL ; Planet, 1900: 229, figs 4–5; Planet, 1902: 73, figs 36–41; Didier, 1949: plate 18; Didier & Séguy, 1953: 84.

Lucanus laetus Arrow, 1943: 134 View in CoL ; Mizunuma & Nagai, 1994: 217, plate 17, figs 117-1–7.

Lucanus parryi laetus Huang & Chen, 2010: 100–102 View in CoL . syn. nov. Material examined. [5♂]: CHINA: Anhui Province, Xianxia town, Xian-Xia // Village , Shilongtou // [仙Ṙü, 仙Ṙ村,

石ËĿ]; Alt. 750m; 08 July. 2018 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 30.4109°N; 119.2842°E Adult // collected on host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Lishui City, Yunhe County, Zhang-Jia-Di // Village, Jingning // [云和县, 张ẋ地, DṪ]; Alt. 900m; 10 July. 2019 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 27.9760°N; 119.3745°E Adult // collected on crown of host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Fujian Province, Sanming City, Dehua County // Jiu-Xian-Shan Mt., // [德化县, 九仙山]; Alt. 1000m; 15 July. 2020 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 25.6977°N; 118.1152°E Adult // collected on host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Sichuan Province, Liangshan Region // Da-Liang-Shan // [dz山彝Dzss治州, kdz山]; Alt. 1750m; 15 July. 2016 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 27.8848°N; 102.2622°E Adult // collected on host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Linan County // Da-Ming-Shan Mt., // [临ḱ县, kfi山]; Alt. 1400m; 26 July. 2022 // Yifan Wang leg.; [2nd label]: 30.03894°N; 118.9902°E Adult // hand collected under the host plant; [2nd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Chongqing, Nanchuan Dist., // Jin-Fo-Shan Mt., // [Ψ庆市, ṙDz山]; Alt. 1700m; 30 June. 2019 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 29.0608°N; 107.1648°E Adult // Light-trap collected; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Jiangxi Province, Nanchang City // [江Ħ南ḋ]; Alt. 1250m; 20 June. 2017 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 28.6863°N; 115.8531°E Adult // collected on crown of host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [2nd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♂]: CHINA: Hunan Province, Liuyang City, Liuyang County // Da-Wei-Shan Mt., // [浏Ḇ市, k围山]; Alt. 1100m; 20 May. 2019 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 28.4205°N; 114.1165°E Adult // collected on crown of host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [2nd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♂ // det. Z. Zhan; [1♀]: CHINA: Sichuan Province, Liangshan Region // Da-Liang-Shan // [dz山彝Dzss治州, k dz山]; Alt. 1750m; 15 July. 2016 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 27.8848°N; 102.2622°E Adult // collected on host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♀ // det. Z. Zhan; [5♀]: CHINA: Fujian Province, Sanming City, De-Hua County // Jiu-Xian-Shan Mt., // [三fi市, 德化县, 九仙山]; Alt. 1000m; 10 July. 2019 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 25.6977°N; 118.1152°E Adult // collected on host plant// Cyclobalanopsis glauca View in CoL // (Thunberg) Oersted; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♀ // det. Z. Zhan; [1♀]: CHINA: Guizhou Province, Tongren City, Jiangkou County // Fan-Jing-Shan Mt., // [Ḿ仁市, 江口县, 梵õ山]; Alt. 1750m; 20 June. 2017 // Zhihong Zhan leg.; [2nd label]: 27.8861°N; 108.7161°E Adult // Light-trap collected; [3rd label]: Lucanus View in CoL // parryi View in CoL // Boileau ♀ // det. Z. Zhan.

Body length 26.2–58.4 mm (♂); 15.3–30.2 mm (♀).

Description. Major male. Body reddish or black, surface metallic and smooth. Head, including widest region of mandibular bases, 1.45× width of pronotum and elytra. Head reddish or black, mandibles weakly incurved at distal 1/3 and anterior 1/3, straight along midlength; major inner mandibular tooth located approximately 1/3 length of mandible, sharply triangular and pointing forward;>8 small inner mandibular teeth located above and below major mandibular tooth; apical mandibular forks strong but stout, upper branches of apical fork subequal in length to that of lower apical fork branches; anterolateral ridges of head subparallel, posterolateral margin of head weakly rounded; clypeolabrum stout; labrum poorly developed, single-pointed at middle. Thorax reddish or black, concolorous with head, metallic; 0.75× width of head and mandibles; prothoracic tibiae reddish or black, each bearing>5 slender spines from apex to midlength; mesothoracic tibiae reddish or black, each bearing 2–3 spines along midlength; metathoracic tibiae reddish or black, each bearing a poorly developed spine distally. Elytra yellowish or black, elytral suture and lateral margins with black stripes; elytral margins slender, widest at apical 1/3, strongly narrow at basal 1/3. Median male differs as major male except: head with mandibles straight at distal 1/3 and anterior 1/3, <5 small inner mandibular teeth located along each mandible. Minor male as major and median males except: head with major mandibular tooth lacking; <5 small inner mandibular teeth located along each mandible. Genitalia. Basal piece slender, 0.5× length of entire aedeagus; apical flagellum weakly enlarged, flagellum subequal in length to that of entire aedeagus; aedeagus stout, incurved at basal 1/3, triangular distally.

Female. Body black or bearing yellowish stripes laterally on elytra, surface smooth without setae, metallic; body stout, always smaller than major and median males, sometimes larger than or subequal in length to that of minor male. Head black; surface punctate and metallic; mandibles strongly incurved along midlength and apical 1/3; mandibular tooth poorly developed, asymmetrical; right mandibular tooth triangular; left mandibular tooth weakly convex along midlength; preocular and postocular margins strongly developed, forming acute angles, and protruding anteriorly; clypeolabrum triangular. Thorax pronotum always concolorous with head, surface shinning and smooth; anterior pronotum weakly enlarged, subequal in width to that of posterolateral pronotum; prothoracic tibiae slender and black, each bearing five spines from anterior to midlength; distal two spines sharp, well developed; prothoracic tibiae 1.3× width of mesothoracic and metathoracic tibiae; mesothoracic tibiae black, each bearing three spines along midlength; metathoracic tibiae black, each bearing two spines at basal 1/3. Elytra black or bearing yellowish stripes laterally, metallic; oval, widest at apical 1/3, strongly narrow at basal 1/3.

Distribution. China (Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guizhou).

Phenology. Adults of L. parryi were collected from late June to mid-July.

Natural history. Typical plants for this species are Cyclobalanopsis glauca , with height around 5– 7 m. Adult longevity is around 20–30 days. There is no published association of larvae and adults. Current rearing records have, however, been recorded by stag beetle amateurs. According to their descriptions, larvae of L. parryi require low temperature (stable 20°C) for their first and second instars. The final larval instar requires stable temperatures around 20–21°C. The entire larval development is usually 1.2–1.5 years.

Collecting methods. Hand, net-trap and light-trap collected.

Remarks. Lucanus parryi laetus is proposed as a new synonym of the nominate subspecies in this study based on the following reasons: 1) both male and female genitalia do not exhibit any significant differences; 2) L. parryi parryi and L. parryi laetus are not allopatric in distribution (generally a fundamental attribute of the subspecies concept); 3) females of the two “subspecies” do not exhibit any observed differences in morphological characters.

There is some variation in individuals of L. parryi . Some males exhibit a reddish head and pronotum color and have more yellowish stripes on the elytra surface. Some females have black body color instead of yellowish stripes on the elytra. However, such variation in males and females tend to be unstable and expressed randomly. Even at the same collecting site or on a same host plant tree, individual colors can be different.