Ctenus yulin Yao & Li, 2022

Chu, Chang, Lu, Ying, Yao, Zhiyuan & Li, Shuqiang, 2022, A survey of ctenid spiders (Araneae, Ctenidae) from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan, China, Biodiversity Data Journal 10, pp. 87597-87597 : 87597

Ctenus yulin Yao & Li sp. n.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Guo Zheng ; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : order: Araneae ; family: Ctenidae ; genus: Ctenus ; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; municipality: Xishuangbanna ; locality: Mengla County ; verbatimLocality: Menglun Town , Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden , Primary tropical seasonal rain forest; verbatimElevation: 558 ± 17 m a.s.l.; verbatimLatitude: 21°55.035'N; verbatimLongitude: 101°16.500'E; Event: samplingProtocol: searching; year: 2007; month: 4; day: 4-11; Record Level: institutionCode: IZCAS-Ar 43154 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Guo Zheng ; individualCount: 1; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : order: Araneae ; family: Ctenidae ; genus: Ctenus ; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; municipality: Xishuangbanna ; locality: Mengla County ; verbatimLocality: Menglun Town , Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden , Primary tropical seasonal rain forest; verbatimElevation: 558 ± 17 m a.s.l.; verbatimLatitude: 21°55.035'N; verbatimLongitude: 101°16.500'E; Event: samplingProtocol: searching; year: 2007; month: 4; day: 4-11; Record Level: institutionCode: IZCAS-Ar 43155 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Guo Zheng ; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : order: Araneae ; family: Ctenidae ; genus: Ctenus ; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; municipality: Xishuangbanna ; locality: Mengla County ; verbatimLocality: Menglun Town , Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden , Primary tropical seasonal rain forest; verbatimElevation: 558 ± 17 m a.s.l.; verbatimLatitude: 21°55.035'N; verbatimLongitude: 101°16.500'E; Event: samplingProtocol: searching; year: 2007; month: 3; day: 19-26; Record Level: institutionCode: IZCAS-Ar 43156 Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Guo Zheng ; individualCount: 1; sex: female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : order: Araneae ; family: Ctenidae ; genus: Ctenus ; Location : country: China; stateProvince: Yunnan; municipality: Xishuangbanna ; locality: Mengla County ; verbatimLocality: Menglun Town , Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden , Primary tropical seasonal rain forest; verbatimElevation: 558 ± 17 m a.s.l.; verbatimLatitude: 21°55.035'N; verbatimLongitude: 101°16.500'E; Event: samplingProtocol: searching; year: 2007; month: 3; day: 19-26; Record Level: institutionCode: IZCAS-Ar 43157

Description

Male (IZCAS-Ar 43154): PL 3.6, PW 2.8, AW 1.4, OL 3.4, OW 2.2. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.13, PME 0.19, PLE 0.18, AME-AME 0.11, AME-ALE 0.24, PME-PME 0.17, PME-PLE 0.26, AME-PME 0.10, ALE-PLE 0.15, clypeus AME 0.10, clypeus ALE 0.31. Palp and leg measurements: palp 4.2 (1.6, 0.6, 0.8, -, 1.2), I 12.2 (3.2, 1.4, 3.3, 3.0, 1.3), II 10.9 (3.0, 1.4, 2.8, 2.6, 1.1), III 9.7 (2.8, 1.2, 2.1, 2.5, 1.1), IV - (3.8, 1.3, 3.4, 3.9, -). Leg formula 4123. Spination of palp and legs: palp 130, 000, 101; femora I p002, d111, r011, II p012, d110, r012, III p112, d111, r112, IV p012, d111, r002; patellae I-II 000, III-IV 101; tibiae I r100, v22222, II p010, r010, v22222, III p11, d111, r11, v222, IV p111, d110, r11, v222; metatarsi I p000, r011, v223, II p011, r111, v222, III p112, d010, r112, v222, IV p112, r112, v222. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal, 4 retromarginal teeth and with elongated patch of 8 tiny denticles along entire cheliceral furrow. Retromargin of chelicerae close to fang base with 1-2 bristles. Sparse scopula restricted almost entirely to tarsi. Leg claws I with 5, II-III with 4 secondary teeth. Position of tarsal organ: I 1.02, III 0.70.

Palp (Fig. 6 A-C). Palpal tibia with strong RTA, distally with teeth and strongly swollen on proximal part (arrowed 2 in Fig. 6 C). Cymbium tip slightly conical, retro-proximally with distinct pointed extension and proximally with distinct large retrolateral protuberance (arrowed 2 in Fig. 6 B, arrowed 1 in Fig. 6 C). Embolus arising in an 8- o’clock-position from tegulum, short, its tip situated in distal half of tegulum and with small membranous process distally (arrowed 1 in Fig. 6 B). Conductor arising in a 12- o’clock-position from tegulum, almost completely transparent. Tegular apophysis arising at 6- o’clock-position from tegulum, distinctly excavated on dorsal side and strongly concave on ventral side (arrowed 3 in Fig. 6 B).

Colour (Fig. 7 C and D). Yellowish to reddish-brown with darker patterns. Dorsal prosoma with characteristic slightly lighter median band, widened behind eyes and with distinctly marked fovea and distinct radial markings. Sternum, labium, gnathocoxae, ventral coxae yellowish, without patterns. Chelicerae reddish-brown, with longitudinal lines in proximal half and with darker distal half. Palps and legs yellowish to reddish-brown. Dorsal opisthosoma yellowish with black patches, most fused into two parallel rows. Lateral opisthosoma spotted. Ventral opisthosoma yellowish, lateral and median with darker patterns. Spinnerets light and anal tubercle light.

Female (IZCAS-Ar 43156): PL 3.7, PW 2.7, AW 1.9, OL 3.8, OW 2.5. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.16, PME 0.20, PLE 0.23, AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.26, PME-PME 0.21, PME-PLE 0.32, AME-PME 0.13, ALE-PLE 0.16, clypeus AME 0.11, clypeus ALE 0.32. Palp and leg measurements: palp 3.5 (1.1, 0.7, 0.8, -, 0.9), I 9.2 (2.5, 1.4, 2.5, 1.9, 0.9), II 8.6 (2.3, 1.3, 2.2, 1.9, 0.9), III 8.2 (2.1, 1.2, 1.9, 2.0, 1.0), IV 11.4 (3.0, 1.3, 2.6, 3.3, 1.2). Leg formula 4123. Spination of palp and legs: palp 130, 100, 1101, 2102; femora I p002, d111, r010, II p011, d111, r010, III p111, d111, r112, IV p201, d111, r001; patellae I-II 000, III-IV 101; tibiae I-II v22222, III p11, d11, r11, v222, IV p11, d111, r11, v222; metatarsi I-II v222, III-IV p112, d010, r112, v222. Chelicerae with 3 promarginal, 4 retromarginal teeth and with elongated patch of 6 tiny denticles along entire cheliceral furrow. Retromargin of chelicerae close to fang base with 2 bristles. Sparse scopula restricted almost entirely to tarsi. Palpal claw with 7 secondary teeth, leg claws I with 5, II-III with 4 and IV with 5 secondary teeth. Position of tarsal organ: I 0.68, II 0.65, III 0.50, IV 0.65.

Copulatory organ (Fig. 7 A and B). Epigynal field laterally with two separate long nearly elliptic patches. The anterior of median plate is as wide as posterior, lateral teeth nearly triangular, situated posteriorly at widest part. Internal duct system with two small lateral folds. Spermathecae separated by less than their diameter, with a large round chamber between spermathecae and fertilisation ducts, the latter pointing medially.

Colour (Fig. 7 E and F). As in male, except for: dorsal prosoma with light median band and without distinct radial markings. Chelicerae dark reddish-brown, with longitudinal lines. Leg I femur with indistinct dark rings, legs II-IV femora, patellae and tibia with distinct dark rings.

Variation: Paratype male (IZCAS-Ar 43155): PL 3.1, OL 2.8. Second paratype female (IZCAS-Ar 43157): PL 3.9, OL 4.5.

Diagnosis

Small Ctenidae (total length male 5.9-7.0, female 7.5-8.4). The new species can be easily distinguished from all known congeners by the embolus with small membranous process distally (arrowed 1 in Fig. 6 B), by the tegular apophysis strongly concave on ventral side (arrowed 3 in Fig. 6 B), by the cymbium with distinct large proximal protuberance (arrowed 2 in Fig. 6 B, arrowed 1 in Fig. 6 C), by the RTA strongly swollen on proximal part (arrowed 2 in Fig. 6 C) and by the vulva spermathecae large, two chambers of spermathecae nearly rounded and distinct (Fig. 7 B).

Etymology

The specific name is a Chinese pinyin word for rainforest (yǔ lín) and is a noun in apposition.

Distribution

China (Yunnan, type locality, Fig. 1 ).

Figures

Figure 1. Distribution records of new and newly-recorded ctenid species from Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden in Yunnan Province, China. 1. Amauropelma yunnan sp. nov.; 2. Ctenus banna sp. nov.; 3. C. robustus Thorell, 1897; 4. C. yulin sp. nov.

Figure 6. Ctenus yulin sp. nov., holotype male. A Palp, prolateral view; B Palp, ventral view, arrow 1 points at membranous process, arrow 2 points at protuberance, arrow 3 points at concave; C Palp, retrolateral view, arrow 1 points at protuberance, arrow 2 points at strongly swollen. C = conductor, E = embolus, RCB = retrolateral cymbial bulge, RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis, TA = tegular apophysis. Scale bar: 0.20 mm (A-C).

Figure 7. Ctenus yulin sp. nov. A Paratype female, epigyne, ventral view; B Paratype female, vulva, dorsal view; C Holotype male, habitus, dorsal view; D Holotype male, habitus, ventral view; E Paratype female, habitus, dorsal view; F Paratype female, habitus, ventral view. ET = epigynal teeth, FD = fertilisation duct, SP = spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.20 mm (A, B), 1.00 mm (C-F).