Enicospilus cederbergi, Johansson, 2018

Johansson, Niklas, 2018, Review of the Swedish Enicospilus (Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae; Ophioninae) with description of three new species and an illustrated key to species, European Journal of Taxonomy 483, pp. 1-21 : 3-8

Enicospilus cederbergi sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9368EFAF-9601-4672-843F-A9EE71B82DB0 Figs 2 A–B, 3C–D, 4B, 5B, 7B, 10

Diagnosis

Enicospilus cederbergi sp. nov. ( Fig. 2 A–B) can be distinguished from other members of the E. ramidulus species group based on the relatively stout habitus and legs, the short but numerous flagellomeres, the slightly sinuate Rs&M-vein, the infuscate and thickened veins in the fore wings and the infuscate margins of the pterostigma. Specimens with an infuscate tip of the metasoma are most likely to be confused with E. ramidulus Linnaeus, 1758 , while the thicker antennal segments are reminiscent of E. cerebrator Aubert, 1966 . Also similar and probably closely related to E. intermedius sp. nov. but distinguishable from that species on the stouter and less numerous flagellomeres.

Etymology

The name cederbergi refers to Björn Cederberg who is devoted to popularizing Hymenoptera in Sweden.

Material examined (n = 12 ♀♀, 5 ƋƋ)

Holotype

SWEDEN: 1 ♀, Öland , Mörbylånga, Strandskogen, 56.698° N, 16.496° E, MV-light in garden close to an oak forest and sandy meadow, 24 Jun. 2016, M. Andersson leg. ( NHRS-HEVA000008145 STI: NJBC155 ).

Paratypes

SWEDEN: 7 ♀♀, 3 ƋƋ, Skåne, Simrishamn, Järahusen, 55.411° N, 14.195° E, MV-light trap, 8– 28 Jul. 2016, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008146–NHRS-HEVA000008155; 1 Ƌ NHRS-HEVA000008155 STI:NJBC157, 1 ♀, NHRS-HEVA000008150 STI:NJBC158); 1 ♀, Skåne, Ystad, Kåseberga, 55.385° N, 14.069° E, MV-light trap in semi-open coastal meadow, 11 May– 27 Jul. 2016, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008156); 2 ƋƋ, Sörmland, Tyresta, Nationalparken urskogsslingan, 59.105° N, 18.148° E, Malaise trap in old semi-open coniferous forest, 2 Jul.–21 Aug. 2003 SMTP leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008157, NHRS-HEVA000008158 STI:NJBC156); 1 Ƌ, Öland, Mörbylånga, Strandskogen, 56.698° N, 16.496° E, MV-light in garden close to an oak forest and sandy meadow, 16 Jun. 2016, B. Andersson leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008159); 1 ♀, Småland, Gnosjö, Kittlakull Store mosse, 57.172° N, 15.551° E, Malaise trap in pine bog, 12 Jul. – 21 Aug. 2003, SMPT leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008160); 1 ♀, Uppland, Häverö, Västersnäs, 60.114° N, 18.616° E, MV-light trap, 4–7 Sep. 2017, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008161 STI:NJBC285); 1 ♀, Skåne, Kristianstad, Äspet (Espet) Åhus, 55.925° N, 14.305° E, Jul. 1922, K. Ander leg. (MZLU Type no. 06122:2); 1 ♀, Västergötland, Habo, Brandstorp, 58.097° N, 14.206° E, 2 Jul. 1948, T.-E. Leiler leg. (NHRS-HEVA000003806); 1 ♀, Halland, Halmstad, Örnäsudden, 56.652° N, 12.806° E, 20 Jul. 1954, B.-H. Hanson leg. (NHRS-HEVA000003807).

Description

Female

Body length 18–20 mm. Fore wing length 13–15 mm. Number of flagellomeres 58–61 (mean 59.5). Mandible strongly twisted with upper tooth two times as long as lower tooth. First flagellomere relatively stout, about 3.5–4.0 times as long as apically wide. Mid- and subapical flagellomeres about 1.5 times as long as wide ( Fig. 3 C–D), slightly longer than average in E. cerebrator . Head in dorsal view always with distinct gap of about 0.2 times ocellar diameter between inner orbit of compound eye and lateral ocellus ( Fig. 5B ). Temples buccate, in dorsal view curved, rounded immediately behind eye, usually distinctly wider than in E. adustus (Haller, 1885) and in lateral view about 0.7 times width of compound eye. Occipital carina conspicuously curved before indicated junction with hypostomal carina. Indicated angle between occipital carina and hypostomal carina slightly acute or right angled (as in Fig. 6A ). Clypeus apically truncate, moderately convex, in lateral view almost right angled, sparsely punctate, interstices shining. Mesopleuron closely punctate on a polished background, centrally becoming more rugose, intermixed with transverse striae as in typical specimens of E. adustus but interstices between punctures normally wider, about equal to diameter of punctures. Epicnemial carina ventrally complete, sinuate, often indistinct or absent dorsally well before indicated joint with propleuron. Mesoscutum with notauli weakly indicated anteriorly, entirely closely punctate. Scutellum with lateral carinae, its surface with dense punctures, punctures larger than on mesoscutum. Sides of scutellum rather parallel, apically and proximally wider than in E. ramidulus . Sclerites in fore wing ( Fig. 4B ) reminiscent of other species in the E. ramidulus group. Proximal sclerite entirely pigmented, approximately triangular with rounded anterior angle, central sclerite semi-circular, pigmented distally, fading to unpigmented proximally. Distal sclerite generally more prominent than in other Swedish species of the E. ramidulus group, represented by a relatively distinctly pigmented crescent along distal margin of fenestra. Fore wing veins thickened, black or dark brown. Pterostigma centrally pale brownish with margins more or less infuscate. Vein Rs&M distinctly sinuate, conspicuously bent at least in lower third ( Fig. 4B ). Vein Rs+2 r strongly thickened, distinctly sinuate. Propodeum with anterior transverse carina strong, anterior of carina rather densely punctate, posterior entirely reticulate-rugose often with faint longitudinal striae centrally. Legs usually thicker than in other members of E. ramidulus group. Hind femur about 7–8 times as long as wide. Hind metatarsus about 10 times as long as wide. Hind claws short, more strongly curved than in E. adustus but significantly less than in E. ramidulus .

Male

Size, structure and colour as in female but generally with more flagellomeres (63–64) and striation on mesopleuron feebler in studied specimens, basically absent medio-ventrally. Parameres long, in lateral view reminiscent of E. adustus ( Fig. 7B ).

Based on the limited material of males and the fact that the parameres often are slightly deformed due to storage and chemical treatment, no detailed description can be made of the shape of the genitalia at this stage.

Colour

Uniformly reddish brown. Inner and outer eye margins yellowish; mandibular teeth black. Metasoma usually with infuscation from 5th tergite onwards ( Fig. 2 ), posterior tergites usually totally infuscate, black or dark brown. Ovipositor sheath of same colour as posterior metasomal segments. In some specimens infuscation of metasomal tip is partly reduced or absent. Antennae darker in apical half, terminal segment paler.

DNA barcode

The full DNA barcode sequences of five specimens of the Swedish E. cederbergi sp. nov. specimens are available at the BOLD systems database (www.boldsystems.org, BIN; BOLD:AAI5191).

Distribution

Enicospilus cederbergi sp. nov. is so far only known from Sweden. In the BOLD database there are also specimens from Germany and Israel that seem to share the genotype, but these specimens have not been studied and might refer to E. intermedius sp. nov. In Sweden it seems to be rare but widespread and known from the southern and central parts of the country (Skåne, Småland, Öland, Uppland).

Phenology

The dates on the labels of the type series indicate that the species occurs mainly during July.

Ecology

No detailed information on the biology of E. cederbergi sp. nov. is known.The habitat of known localities ranges from coniferous to deciduous forests in coastal areas, as well as an inland pine bog and semi-open calcareous heathland.

Figures

Fig. 2. Enicospilus cederbergi sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA00008145). A. Habitus, dorsolateral view. B. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Fig. 3. Central and apical flagellomeres. A–B. Enicospilus cerebrator Aubert, 1966. C–D. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008148). E–F. E. adustus (Haller, 1885). G–H. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008173).

Fig. 5. Head, dorsal view. A. Enicospilus cerebrator Aubert, 1966, ♀. B. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008149).

Fig. 6. Occipital carina, postero-ventral view. A. Enicospilus adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀. B. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008149).

Fig. 4. Central part of fore wing. A. Enicospilus combustus (Gravenhorst, 1829), ♀. B. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008146). C. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS- HEVA000008173). D. E. adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀.

Fig. 7. Posterior metasomal segments and male parameres in lateral view. A. Enicospilus ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, Ƌ (MZLU Type no. 06123:10). B. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, Ƌ (NHRS- HEVA000008154).