Enicospilus ryrholmi, Johansson, 2018

Johansson, Niklas, 2018, Review of the Swedish Enicospilus (Hymenoptera; Ichneumonidae; Ophioninae) with description of three new species and an illustrated key to species, European Journal of Taxonomy 483, pp. 1-21 : 12-15

Enicospilus ryrholmi sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:75A2F3F0-0F8E-419A-A2D9-DD55298C7534 Figs 3 G–H, 4C, 6B, 10, 11, 12A

Diagnosis

Enicospilus ryrholmi sp. nov. can be distinguished from other members of the E. ramidulus species group by the position and shape of the central sclerite; the smaller size on average; the limited number of flagellomeres; the elongate central flagellomeres; the more or less straight mesopleural part of the epicnemial carina and the less curved lower part of the occipital carina. It is most likely to be confused with small specimens of E. adustus .

Etymology

The name ryrholmi refers to the lepidopterologist Nils Ryrholm who, by sorting out and donating a large portion of Ophioninae from decades of sampling with MV-light traps, has contributed greatly to the taxonomy and knowledge of Scandinavian Enicospilus .

Material examined (n = 15 ♀♀, 2 ƋƋ)

Holotype

SWEDEN: 1 ♀, Öland , Mörbylånga, Strandskogen, 56.698° N, 16.496° E, MV-light in garden close to an oak forest and sandy meadows, 23 Jul. 2016, M. Andersson leg. ( NHRS-HEVA000008172 STI: NJBC159 ).

Paratypes

SWEDEN: 3 ♀♀, Skåne, Klippan, Bonnarpshed, 56.087° N, 13.180° E, MV-light trap in open dry meadow, 9 Jul.–4 Aug. 2007, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008173- NHRS-HEVA000008175; 1 ♀ NHRS-HEVA000008175 STI:NJBC160); 2 ♀♀, Skåne, Höganäs, Kullen, 56.293° N, 12.487° E, 19 Jul. 1975, C.H. Lindroth leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:2-3); 1 ♀, Skåne, Höganäs, Kullen, 56.293° N, 12.487° E, 2 Aug. 1975, C.H. Lindroth leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:4); 1 ♀, Öland, Mörbylånga, Räpplinge, 56.827° N, 16.660° E, alvar/calcareous dry meadow, 26 Jul. 1980, L.-Å. Janzon leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:5); 2 ♀♀, Småland, Sävsjö, Södra Hägnen, 57.379° N, 14.665° E, MV-light in open dry industrial area, 16 Aug. 2017, R. Isaksson leg. (NHRS- HEVA000008176, NHRS-HEVA000008177); 1 ♀, Öland, Torslunda, Arontorp 56.637° N, 16.516° E, MV-light, 9 Jul. 2017, T. Lindberg leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008178 STI:NJBC288); 1 ♀, Gotland, Hamra, Tuvlandet, 56.966° N, 18.308° E, MV-light trap, 15 Jul.–18 Aug. 2017, N. Ryrholm and C. Källander leg. (NHRS-HEVA000008179 STI:NJBC287); 1 ♀, Öland, Borgholm, 56.880° N, 16.656° E, 19 Jul. 1964, S. Johansson leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:7); 1 ♀, Öland, Borgholm, 56.880° N, 16.656° E, 20 Aug. 1962, S. Johansson leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:8); 1 Ƌ, Skåne, Höganäs, Kullen, 56.293° N, 12.487° E, 28 Jun. 1975, C.H. Lindroth leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:6); 1 ♀, Öland, Mörbylånga, Hagaberg Frö, 56.575° N, 16.448° E, 23 Jul. 1978, S. Johansson leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:9); 1 Ƌ, Öland, Mörbylånga, Karlsro, 56.579° N, 16.421° E, 13 Jul. 1978, sweepnet in daylight, S. Johansson leg. (MZLU Type no. 06123:10).

Description

Female

Body length 16–17 mm, fore wing length 12–13 mm. Number of flagellomeres 51–56 (mean 54). Mandible strongly twisted with upper tooth distinctly longer than lower tooth, usually slightly more than two times as long as lower tooth. First flagellomere very slender, about 5 times as long as apically wide. Central- and subapical flagellomeres slender, 2.0–2.1 times as long as wide ( Fig. 3 G–H). Head in dorsal view with small gap of about 0.1 times ocellar diameter between inner margin of compound eye and lateral ocellus. Temples in dorsal view narrowed behind eye as in typical specimens of E. adustus and in lateral view about 0.5 times the width of compound eye. Occipital carina only slightly curved before junction with hypostomal carina ( Fig. 6B ), joint sometimes indistinct or absent. Indicated angle between occipital carina and hypostomal carina acute, about 45 degrees. Clypeus apically truncate, convex in lateral view, very sparsely punctate. Mesopleuron punctate, weakly sculptured or polished, central punctures intermixed with vague transverse striae. Distance between punctures about two times diameter of punctures. Speculum without punctures, strongly polished. Epicnemial carina between pleurosternal angles and sternal part almost straight ( Fig. 12A ). Mesoscutum with notauli faintly indicated anteriorly, very sparsely and vaguely punctate. Sides of scutellum strongly converging posteriorly. Proximal sclerite entirely pigmented, approximately triangular with rounded anterior angle. Central sclerite varying from almost unpigmented, reminiscent in shape of E. merdarius (Gravenhorst, 1829) but narrowly pigmented distally to more distinctly sclerotized and elongate. Distance between the proximal and central sclerites often smaller than in E. adustus and E. cerebrator ( Fig. 4C ). Fore wing veins thin, pale brownish. Pterostigma pale. Propodeum with anterior transverse carina strong, anterior of this rather densely punctate, posterior to this entirely reticulate-rugose often with faint longitudinal striae centrally. Proportion of legs as in E. adustus . Hind femur about 10 times as long as wide. Hind metatarsus about 12 times as long as wide.

Male

Size, structure and colour as in female. Parameres in lateral view short and obtuse as in E. ramidulus ( Fig. 7A ).

Colour

Uniformly testaceous. Metasoma sometimes slighty infuscate posteriorly. Mandibular teeth black.

DNA barcode

The full DNA barcode sequences of four of the Swedish E. ryrholmi sp. nov. specimens are available at the BOLD systems database (www.boldsystems.org, BIN;BOLD:ADF8803).

Distribution

Enicospilus ryrholmi sp. nov. is so far only known from Sweden where it seems to be rare but widespread at least in the southern part of the country, including the Baltic islands Öland and Gotland (Skåne, Blekinge, Småland, Öland, Gotland). It can, however, be expected to occur over a wider geographical range.

Phenology

The species occurs in late summer. The documented flight period is July to August.

Ecology

No detailed information on the biology of E. ryrholmi sp. nov. is known. The habitat consists mainly of semi-open areas ranging from alvar to rocky slopes, sandy heaths, industrial landscapes and gardens. The known localities might suggest a host connected to plants depending on open sandy or rocky grounds.

Figures

Fig. 3. Central and apical flagellomeres. A–B. Enicospilus cerebrator Aubert, 1966. C–D. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008148). E–F. E. adustus (Haller, 1885). G–H. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008173).

Fig. 6. Occipital carina, postero-ventral view. A. Enicospilus adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀. B. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008149).

Fig. 12. Epicnemial carina, anterior view. A. Enicospilus ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS- HEVA000008173). B. E. adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀.

Fig. 4. Central part of fore wing. A. Enicospilus combustus (Gravenhorst, 1829), ♀. B. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS-HEVA000008146). C. E. ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, ♀ (NHRS- HEVA000008173). D. E. adustus (Haller, 1885), ♀.

Fig. 7. Posterior metasomal segments and male parameres in lateral view. A. Enicospilus ryrholmi sp. nov., paratype, Ƌ (MZLU Type no. 06123:10). B. E. cederbergi sp. nov., paratype, Ƌ (NHRS- HEVA000008154).