Titanochrysa Sosa & Freitas

Sosa, Francisco & Freitas, Sergio De, 2012, A new genus of Neotropical Chrysopini (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), Zootaxa 3351, pp. 1-14 : 17

Key to species of Titanochrysa Sosa & Freitas gen. nov.

1 Microtholi absent from S2–8; forewing with membrane surrounding crossveins (except costal crossveins) infuscate; mandibles symmetrical; male: dorsal rods of arcessus X-shaped, membrane beneath arcessus with two lines of setae mesally........................................................ Titanochrysa circumfusa ( Burmeister, 1839) comb. nov. ( Figs. 1–4 )

1’ Microtholi present on S2–8; membrane around crossveins with or without infuscate markings; mandibles symmetrical or asymmetrical; males: dorsal rods of arcessus parallel, membrane beneath arcessus with or without two lines of setae mesally 2

2 Forewing membrane entirely without shading; mandibles symmetrical; male: membrane beneath arcessus with two lines of small setae mesally................................ Titanochrysa trespuntensis Sosa & Freitas sp. nov ( Figs. 13–16 )

2’ Forewing membrane surrounding inner gradates with infuscation; mandibles asymmetrical; male: membrane below arcessus without small setae mesally.............................................................................. 3

3 Forewing with network of short, dark, reticulate veins covered by a black spot on medial area; male: arcessus with dorsal rods short, merging apically; female: seventh sternite 3.5 times longer than wide...................................................................................... Titanochrysa pseudovaricosa ( Penny, 1998) comb. nov. ( Figs. 5–8 )

3’ Forewing with membrane around inner gradates infuscate, but without reticulate network of veins; male: arcessus with sclerotized dorsal rods long, merging basally; female: seventh sternite 2.4 times longer than wide.................................................................................. Titanochrysa ferreirai Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. ( Figs 9–12 )

Figures

FIGURE 1. Titanochrysa circumfusa (Burmeister, 1839) comb. nov. (Male, Sanare, Lara, Venezuela). A) Head and pronotum, dorsal. Note the yellow mesal band; B) Head and pronotum, lateral. Note the dark red marks on the lateral scape, base of antenna, gena and lateral clypeus; as well as the pale basal labial and maxillary palpomeres; C) Head, frontal.

FIGURE 3. Titanochrysa circumfusa (Burmeister, 1839) comb. nov. (Male, Sanare, Lara, Venezuela). A) Terminalia, lateral; B) gonarcal complex, dorsal; C) gonarcal complex, lateral; D – E) Gonarcal complex, frontodorsal; F) Gonarcal complex, frontal. Note the prominent the elongate gonosetae on papillae; G) Gonapsis, frontal, frontolateral and lateral. ap-gs = lateral apodemes of gonarcus; ar = arcessus; cc = callus cerci; d. ap = apodeme of T 9 + ect; gp = gonapsis; gs = gonarcus; gsac = gonosaccus; gst = gonosetae; l. lb = lateral lobe; st = setae; S 8 + 9 = fused sternites 8 and 9; T 9 + ect = tergite 9 and ectoproct; v. ap = apodeme of S 8 + 9.

FIGURE 4. Titanochrysa circumfusa (Burmeister, 1839) comb. nov. (Female, Sanare, Lara, Venezuela). A) Terminalia, lateral; B) Terminalia lateral, note detail of subgenitale; C – D) Spermatheca, lateral; E) Spermatheca, dorsal. cc = callus cerci; gl = gonapophysis lateralis; S 7 = sternite 7; sg = subgenitale; sp = spermatheca; sp. d = spermathecal duct; T 9 + ect = Tergite 9 + ectoproct; v = velum; v. i = ventral impression.

FIGURE 5. Titanochrysa pseudovaricosa (Penny, 1998) comb. nov. (Puntarenas, Costa Rica). A) Head and pronotum, dorsal. Note the narrow, yellow, dorsal band; B) Head and pronotum, lateral. Note the black marks on the lateral scape, gena and lateral clypeus; C) Head, frontal.

FIGURE 7. Titanochrysa pseudovaricosa (Penny, 1998) comb. nov. (Male, Puntarenas, Costa Rica). A) Terminalia, lateral; B) gonarcal complex, dorsal; C) gonarcal complex, lateral; D) Gonarcal complex, ventral; E) Gonarcal complex, frontal; F) Gonapsis, lateral. ap-gs = lateral apodemes of gonarcus; ar = arcessus; cc = callus cerci; d. ap = apodeme of T 9 + ect; l. lb = lateral lobe; gs = gonarcus; gsac = gonosaccus; gst = gonosetae; S 8 = sternite 8; S 9 = sternite 9; v. ap = apodeme of S 8 + 9.

FIGURE 8. Titanochrysa pseudovaricosa (Penny, 1998) comb. nov. (Female, Puntarenas, Costa Rica). A) Terminalia, lateral; B) Spermatheca, lateral; C) Spermatheca, dorsal. S 6 = sternite 6; S 7 = sternite 7; sp = spermatheca; sp. d = spermathecal duct; T 9 + ect = Tergite 9 + ectoproct; v = velum; v. i = ventral impression.

FIGURE 9. Titanochrysa ferreirai Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. (Male, Três Pontas, Minas Gerais, Brazil). A) Head and pronotum, dorsal. Note the greenish-yellow dorsal band; B) Head and pronotum, lateral. C) Head, frontal.

FIGURE 11. Titanochrysa ferreirai Sosa & Freitas sp. nov., (Male, Três Pontas, Minas Gerais, Brazil). A) Terminalia, lateral; B) gonarcal complex, dorsal; C) gonarcal complex, lateral; D) Gonarcal complex, frontodorsal; E) Gonarcal complex, ventral. Note the prominent papillae; F) Gonapsis, lateral; G) Hypandrium internum, frontal. ap-gs = lateral apodemes of the gonarcus; cc = callus cerci; d. ap = apodeme of T 9 + ect; gp = gonapsis; gs = gonarcus; gsac = gonosacus; gst = gonosetae; l. lb = lateral lobe; mst = microsetae; S 8 = sternite 8; S 9 = sternite 9; v. ap = apodeme of S 8 + 9.

FIGURE 12. Titanochrysa ferreirai Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. (Female, Três Pontas, Minas Gerais, Brazil). A) Terminalia, lateral; B – C) Spermatheca, lateral; D) Spermatheca, dorsal E) Terminalia, ventral; F) Subgenitale, ventral. cc = callus cerci; g. l = gonapophysis lateralis; S 7 = sternite 7; sg = subgenitale; sp = spermatheca; sp. d = spermathecal duct; T 9 + ect = Tergite 9 + ectoproct; v = velum; v. i = ventral impression.

FIGURE 13. Titanochrysa trespuntensis Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. (Male, Tres pontas, Minas Gerais, Brazil). A) Head and pronotum, dorsal. Note the greenish yellow, dorsal band; the arrow marks the black spot at the base of the antenna; B) Head and pronotum, lateral. Note the black marks on the lateral scape (arrow), pedicel (arrow), gena, lateral clypeus, and maxillary and labial palpi. Also, note the black bristles on the flagellum (arrow); C) Head, frontal.

FIGURE 15. Titanochrysa trespuntensis Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. (Male, Três Pontas, Minas Gerais, Brazil). A) Terminalia, lateral; B) Terminalia, lateral. Note: the apical protuberance on S 8 + 9 (arrow); C) Gonarcal complex, dorsal; D) Gonarcal complex, lateral; E) Gonarcal complex, frontodorsal. Note: the dotted orange line indicates the location of the setae beneath the arcessus. F) Gonapsis, lateral; G) Hypandrium internum, frontal. ap-gs = lateral apodemes of gonarcus; ar = arcessus; d. ap = apodeme of T 9 + ect; l. lb = lateral lobe; gp = gonapsis; gs = gonarcus; gst = gonosetae; S 8 + 9 = fused sternites 8 and 9; v. ap = apodeme of S 8 + 9; T 9 + ect = tergite 9 + ectoproct.

FIGURE 16. Titanochrysa trespuntensis Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. (Female, Três Pontas, Minas Gerais, Brazil). A) Terminalia, lateral; B – C) Spermatheca, lateral; D) Spermatheca, dorsal E) Terminalia, ventral; F) Subgenitale, frontal and lateral. gl = gonapophysis lateralis; S 7 = sternite 7; sg = subgenitale; sp = spermatheca; sp. d = spermathecal duct; T 9 + ect = Tergite 9 + ectoproct; v = velum; v. i = ventral impression.