Albunea galapagensis, BOYKO, 2002

BOYKO, CHRISTOPHER B., 2002, A Worldwide Revision Of The Recent And Fossil Sand Crabs Of The Albuneidae Stimpson And Blepharipodidae, New Family (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Hippoidea), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2002 (272), pp. 1-396 : 240-260

Albunea galapagensis , new species Figures 79 , 80

Albunea lucasia: Ramos and Rios, 1995: 103 , fig. 5 (not Albunea lucasia de Saussure, 1853 ).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: Ecuador: Galápagos Islands: Hard coral mud, off north Barranca, Academy Bay , Isla Santa Cruz , 5–10 fms (= 9.1–18.3 m), Feb. 21, 1964, coll. A. DeRoy, J. DeRoy and A. G. Smith: 1 ♀, 7.2 mm cl, paratype ( CASIZ 109248 ) ; off the Barranca (Angemeyer’s Houses), Academy Bay , Isla Santa Cruz , 9.1–18.3 m (5–10 fms), Jan. 15, 1964, coll. A. G. Smith and J. DeRoy: 1 megalopa, 5.2 mm cl ( CASIZ 109337 ) ; South Seymour Island , 10 fms (= 18.3 m), March 18, 1937, coll. W. A. Seaholm and F. E. Lewis on R/V ‘‘ Stranger’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 14.3 mm cl, holotype ( USNM 267793 ) ; South Seymour Island , 00°26̍S, 90°19̍W, 10 fms (= 18.3 m), March 18, 1937, coll. W. I. Seaholm on R/V ‘‘ Stranger’ ’: 2 Ƌ, 7.3–8.3 mm cl, 1 ♀, 15.0 mm cl, allotype and paratypes ( USNM 267796 ) .

Mexico: Baja California Sur: Isla Espíritu Santo, Baja California Sur , 6–20 fms (= 11.0– 36.6 m), March 31, 1939, coll. F. E. Lewis on R/V ‘‘ Stranger’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 18.4 mm cl, 1 ♀, 15.0 mm cl, paratypes ( USNM 267795 ) ; Sta. 37, La Vantana Bay , 24°08̍15̎N, 109°52̍W, 13–15 fms (= 23.8–27.4 m), April 20, 1939, coll. F. E. Lewis on R/V ‘‘ Stranger’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 15.5 mm cl, 3 ♀, 16.8–19.3 mm cl, paratypes ( USNM 267797 ) ; Guerrero: Sta. 3, Zihuatanejo , 18–26 fms (= 32.9–47.6 m), Jan. 30, 1939, coll. F. E. Lewis on R/V ‘‘ Stranger’ ’: 2 ♀, unmeasurable ( USNM 267794 ) .

DIAGNOSIS: Carapace wider than long, covered with strongly setose grooves. Anterior margin with 8–14 spines on either side of ocular sinus. Setal field with thick lateral elements and concave anterior margin. CG1 with separate posterior lateral elements; CG4 medial elements semicontiguous with supralateral elements; CG5 present as two convex, nearly united, elements; CG6 and CG7 separate; CG8 broken; CG11 present. Rostrum present, not reaching posterior margin of ocular plate. Ocular plate subquadrate. Distal peduncular segments dorsoventrally flattened and subtriangular in shape, tapering at tip, separated along mesial margins, lateral margins convex except slightly concave at tip, mesial margins convex. Cornea at tip. Dactylus of pereopod II with heel produced and rounded. Dactylus of pereopod III with heel slightly produced and subquadrate. Dactylus of pereopod IV evenly sinuous from base to tip, with shallow indent. Telson of male subtriangular, elongated and tapering, length greater than width, distal tip narrow and subacute; thickly calcified and raised into ridge dorsomedially, median of ridge lined with long thin setae; lateral margins decalcified. Telson of female similar to male, but with less tapered tip.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace (fig. 79A) wider than long. Anterior margin concave on either side of ocular sinus, becoming convex laterally, with 8–14 large spines (n = 6) on each side along length. Rostrum as small acute tooth, not reaching proximal margin of ocular plate. Ocular sinus smoothly concave. Frontal region smooth; setal field narrow anteriorly, broad posteriorly; posterior lateral elements reduced to narrow bands of setae. CG1 parallel to anterior margin of carapace, convex, sinuous, strongly crenulate, divided into medial fragment and curved, posteriorly displaced lateral elements. Mesogastric region smooth; CG2 present as one or two short medial elements; CG3 present as one semicontiguous, long, medial element between posterior lateral elements of CG1 (rarely broken into four shorter elements); CG4 medial elements semicontiguous with supralateral elements (rarely broken into four shorter elements). Hepatic region smooth, with oblique setose groove at median of lateral margin. Epibranchial region generally triangular, smooth; posterolateral margin with three oblique rows of short setae. Metagastric region smooth; CG5 present as two convex, nearly united, elements (rarely broken into four shorter elements). CG6 strongly crenulate, strongly anteriorly concave medially and sloping out to anteriorly convex lateral thirds. CG7 almost transverse, not reaching lateral margins of median segment of CG6. Cardiac region smooth; CG8 present as two medial elements and two longer lateral elements. CG9 present as two short lateral grooves with narrow gap at midline. CG10 present as two long lateral elements. CG11 present as one or two short elements. Post­ CG11 element present as one or two short lateral elements. Branchial region with numerous short and long transverse rows of setae in anterior three­fourths. Posterior margin deeply and evenly convex, with submarginal groove reaching halfway up margin of posterior concavity. Branchiostegite with long anterior, submarginal spine; anterior region with scattered short, transverse lines ventral to linea anomurica; with many short rows of setae and sparsely covered with long plumose setae ventrally; posterior region mem­ branous, with numerous irregular fragments and sparsely covered with long plumose setae.

Ocular plate (fig. 79B) triangular with broad median indentation; median peduncular segments present as small ovate calcified areas lateral to ocular plate. Distal peduncular segments elongate, teardrop­shaped, with broadly convex lateral and weakly convex mesial margins, cornea covering lateral portion of distal tip; lateral margins without notch; mesial margins separated at base; mesial and distolateral margins with long plumose setae; tuft of plumose setae at proximolateral ventral angles and ventrolateral oblique row of plumose setae extending from tuft to three­fourths length of peduncle.

Antennule (fig. 79C) with segment III narrow proximally, expanding distally to three times proximal width; plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on lateral surface; dorsal exopodal flagellum with 74–94 articles (n = 6), long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; ventral endopodal flagellum with two or three articles (n = 6), plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment II medially inflated in dorsal view, with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on lateral surface. Segment I as wide as long, unarmed; dorsal third of lateral surface rugose with long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins.

Antenna (fig. 79D) with segment V approximately 2.5 times longer than wide, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin and scattered on distal half of lateral surface; flagellum with seven articles (n = 6), long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins. Segment IV expanded distally, with long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins, and two rows of short setae on dorsolateral and ventrolateral surface. Segment III with long plumose setae on ventral margin; short simple setae on dorsal margin and scattered on surface. Segment II short, widening distally, rugose, with long plumose setae on dorsal and distoventral margins and short simple setae scattered on lateral surface; antennal acicle long, thin, and reaching distal margin of segment IV, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Segment I rounded proximally, flattened ventro­ laterally, with long plumose setae on distoventral margin, short plumose setae on distodorsal margin, and short simple setae in two short rows on surface rugae ventral to spine; lateral surface with distal, subdorsal, acute spine; low semicircular dorsolateral lobe ventrodistal to spine, margin of lobe with long plumose setae; segment with ventromesial antennal gland pore.

Mandible (fig. 79E) incisor process with two teeth; cutting edge with one tooth. Palp three­segmented, with plumose setae on margins and long, thick, simple setae arising from bend in second segment and on distal margin of terminal segment.

Maxillule (fig. 79F) distal endite proximally narrow, widening to inflated distal end, with thick simple setae on distal margin and thin simple setae on dorsal margin. Proximal endite with thick simple setae on distal margin. Endopodal external lobe truncate distally and curled under; internal lobe reduced with three thick setae at distolateral margin.

Maxilla (fig. 79G) exopod evenly rounded, with plumose setae along distal margin. Scaphognathite bluntly angled on posterior lobe, with plumose setae.

Maxilliped I (fig. 79H) epipod with plumose setae on margins, distolateral surface and mesial surface. Endite tapered distally and subequal to first segment of exopod. Exopod with two segments; proximal segment narrow, margins parallel with plumose setae; distal segment spatulate, longer than wide, broadest medially, margins and mesiodorsal surface with long plumose setae. Endopod flattened and elongate, reaching two­thirds to distal end of proximal exopodal segment; plumose setae on margins and median of lateral surface.

Maxilliped II (fig. 79I) dactylus evenly rounded, length subequal to width, with thick simple setae distally and in transverse row on distolateral surface. Propodus two times wider than long, slightly produced at dorsodistal angle, with plumose setae on dorsal margin and patch of long simple setae on dorsodistal and ventrodistal angles. Carpus not produced dorsodistally, approximately two times longer than wide; long simple setae on dorsal margin and in few patches on lateral surface. Merus approximately three times longer than wide, margins parallel; with simple and plumose setae on margins. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with plumose setae on margins. Exopod one­half longer than merus, flagellum with one elongate article, shorter than carpus.

Maxilliped III (fig. 79J) dactylus oblong, with rounded tip; long plumose setae on margins and in transverse row on distolateral surface. Propodus dorsodistally inflated, with longitudinal median row of plumose setae on lateral surface; margins with plumose setae. Carpus produced onto propodus approximately one­fourth length of propodus; lateral surface with two transverse rows of long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Merus inflated, unarmed, with plumose setae on dorsal margin and few scattered small areas on proximoventral half of lateral surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with weak crista dentata of two or three teeth. Exopod two­segmented: proximal segment small; distal segment styliform, tapering, approximately one­fourth length of merus; with plumose setae on margins; without flagellum.

Pereopod I (fig. 80A) dactylus curved and tapering; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth; dorsal margin with long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Propodal lateral surface with numerous short, transverse rows of setose rugae; dorsal margin unarmed; ventral margin distally produced into acute spine; cutting edge lacking teeth, lined with long plumose setae; dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with few scattered rows of short plumose setae. Carpus with dorsodistal angle produced into strong corneous­tipped spine; dorsal margin with short transverse grooves behind spine; dorsal, distal, and distoventral margins with long plumose setae; lateral surface with small distal rugose area, few transverse setose ridges on distal half of surface; mesial surface smooth, with medial and subdorsal interrupted transverse rows of setae, margins with long plumose setae. Merus unarmed; lateral surface with scattered transverse rows of long plumose setae, distal margin with long plumose setae; mesial surface with few scattered short setae; fully calcified. Basisischium incompletely fused, unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod II (fig. 80B) dactylus smooth; base to heel slightly convex, heel low and rounded, heel to tip with narrow, acute indent, tip subacute, tip to base broadly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, several widely spaced submarginal tufts of short setae dorsodistally; mesial surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae, patch of long plumose setae at base. Propodal dorsal surface smooth, with ventral margin inflated and rounded; oblique rows of long plumose setae on distal margin of lateral surface and in midline; distal and ventral margins with long plumose setae; dorsolateral surface as narrow, oblique, flattened shelf, with short setae on dorsal margin and long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with elevated, curved setose ridge from ventral junction with dactylus almost to ventral proximal junction with carpus. Carpus strongly produced and subacute dorsodistally, dorsal margin smooth; lateral surface smooth, dorsodistal region smooth, irregular, interrupted row of rugae and submarginal elevated ridge ventrally, rugae and ridge with long plumose setae; dorsal and distoventral margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with row of long plumose setae distally and subventrally and interrupted row of long plumose setae subdorsally. Merus with large median decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface, long plumose setae on dorsodistal and ventral margins; mesial surface nearly smooth, with two long rows of long plumose setae. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod III (fig. 80C) dactylus with base to heel slightly convex, heel low and round­ ed, heel to tip with broadly concave indent, tip subacute, tip to base smoothly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, dorsodistal margin with tufts of short setae; ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple and plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with plumose setae proximally at junction with propodus. Propodus not inflated dorsoventrally; lateral surface smooth, with long plumose setae in oblique medial row, simple setae on dorsal margin, plumose setae on ventral margin; dorsolateral surface narrow, oblique, flattened; mesial surface smooth. Carpus produced dorsodistally, exceeding proximal margin of propodus by one­fifth length of propodus; tip rounded, dorsolateral margin unarmed; lateral surface slightly rugose in dorsodistal half, with mat of short setae and two interrupted rows of long plumose setae ventrally in proximal half; mesial surface smooth, with long plumose setae on distal margin. Merus smooth, with large decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface medially; dorsal and ventral margins unarmed, dorsodistal and ventrodistal margins with long plumose setae, few long plumose setae on lateral surface in proximal third; mesial surface smooth. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed. Female with large gonopore on anterior mesial margin of coxa, directly opposing other pore and surrounded with short plumose setae; male with minute pore.

Pereopod IV (fig. 80D) dactylus with base to tip slightly convex proximally, with indistinct heel and faintly concave indent, almost straight from indent to tip, tip subacute, tip to base convex; lateral surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with dorsal decalcified region, demarcated ventrally by longitudinal elevated ridge, with row of short setae; setose punctations ventral to decalcified window. Propodus expanded dorsally and ventrally; ventral expansion exceeding ventral margin of dactylus, ventral margin with long plumose setae; dorsal expansion with row of long plumose setae dorsally, oblique area with mat of short simple setae; lateral surface smooth, mesial surface smooth, with few patches of long plumose setae on distoventral area. Carpus slightly produced dorsodistally; ventral four­fifths of lateral surface and mesial surface smooth, dorsodistal one­fifth of lateral surface with mat of short setae; dorsal margin with short simple and long plumose setae; ventral margin with few short simple setae; mesial surface decalcified medially. Merus with scattered short transverse and oblique rows of setae on lateral surface, dorsal and ventrodistal margins with long plumose setae; proximoventral third of mesial surface with large decalcified window. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Abdomen (fig. 80E) somite I wider than long, widest posteriorly; dorsal surface with anterior margin straight; posterior margin curved, with elevated submarginal row of short setae; few scattered short, simple setae distolateral to submarginal row; small transverse, decalcified windows laterad of segment median. Somite II dorsal surface with irregular submarginal, transverse ridge anteriorly; with small transverse, decalcified windows laterad of segment median just anterior to submarginal ridge; pleura expanded and directed anterolaterally; anterolateral margins angled, anterior and lateral margins with long plumose setae, posterolateral angle rounded, posterior margin with short setae; posteromesial angle with mat of short simple setae extending onto somite. Somite III similar to somite II, but narrower, shorter, anterior submarginal windows present; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite II, directed posterolaterally proximally and anterolaterally distally, with setae as in somite II; anterolateral angle subacute; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally, with submarginal row of short setae. Somite IV similar to somite III, but thinner and shorter, anterior submarginal windows present; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite III, directed laterally; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally; lateral and posterior margins with long plumose setae, anterior margin with short simple setae. Somite V wider than somite IV, anterior submarginal windows present; lateral margins with plumose setae; pleura absent. Somite VI slightly broader than somite V, anterior submarginal windows present; dorsal surface with two short transverse rows of setae laterad of midline and on posterior margin; pleura absent.

Females with uniramous, paired pleopods on somites II–V; males without pleopods.

Telson of male (fig. 80F, G) subtriangular, elongated, and tapering, length greater than width, distal tip narrow and subacute; thickly calcified medially, inflated dorsomedially; distal two­thirds with lateral decalcified region; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length, row of long simple setae of either side of median groove beginning at median and continuing to distal margin of calcified area, converging distally; proximolateral angles with short simple setae; margins with long simple setae. Telson of female (fig. 80H) similar to male, but with less tapered distal tip and less pronounced lateral expansion, dorsal surface evenly calcified; median groove similar to male, but with shorter setae; proximolateral angle with few short simple setae, margins with long simple setae.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from the Galápagos Islands, Baja California Sur (Gulf side), and Guerrero, Mexico, in 9.1–47.6 m depth. Also from Colombia (Ramos and Rios, 1995).

MAXIMUM SIZE: Males: 18.4 mm cl; females: 19.3 mm cl.

TYPE SPECIMENS: USNM 267793 (holotype), CASIZ 109248 (paratype), USNM 267796 (allotype, 2 paratypes), USNM 267795 (paratype), USNM 267797 (3 paratypes).

TYPE LOCALITY: South Seymour Island, Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, 18.3 m.

ETYMOLOGY: This taxon is named after the type locality islands which served as Darwin’s inspiration and have yielded so many important discoveries in the biological sciences.

REMARKS: The discovery of this species in both the Galápagos Islands and the Gulf of California demonstrates how much we have yet to learn about these highly diverse areas, in spite of many decades of intensive collecting. This species shares its distributional pattern with numerous other species of Galápagos anomurans that are also known from the Panamic province, such as the porcelain crabs Petrolisthes haigae Chace and P. tonsorius Haig , and possibly the sand crab, Lepidopa wollebaeki , if that species and L. mexicana are conspecific (see under L. wollebaeki and L. mexicana ).

Albunea galapagensis belongs to the group of Albunea containing A. microps and A. elioti .

Albunea microps Miers, 1878 Figures 81 , 82

Albunea microps White, 1847: 129 * (nomen nudum). – Miers, 1878: 328–329, pl. 5, figs. 12, 13*. – Henderson, 1888: 40 *. – Ortmann, 1896: 224–225 (list). – Ortmann, 1901: pl. 72, fig. 4, pl. 79, fig. 3. – Borradaile, 1904: 751 *. – Gordon, 1938: 187, fig. 3c*. – Serène and Umali, 1965: 95–97, pl. 4, figs. 1–6, text­fig. 12c. – Thomassin, 1969: 140–143 (part), text­figs. 2, 3b. – Miyake, 1978: 154–155, fig. 60b. – Coêlho and Calado, 1987: 43, table 1. – Calado, 1997a: 17, 21–22. – Markham and Boyko, 1999: 5, 7*. – Boyko and Harvey, 1999: 383– 386, 400 (list), 402 (key), figs. 1, 4*. – Boyko, 1999: 145 (list), fig. 1*. – Clark and Presswell, 2001: 154 (list).

Albunea [sp.] Gordon, 1938: 189–190, fig. 1d*.

Albunea symnista [sic]: Serène, 1977: 47. – Calado, 1995: 71–73, pl. 4, fig. i, pl. 5, fig. h, pl. 21, figs. a, b, pl. 22, figs. a–f* (not Albunea symmysta ( Linnaeus, 1758)) .

not Albunea microps: Thomassin, 1969: 140–143 (part), pl. 2, figs. 1–9. – Calado, 1995: 46–49, pl. 4, fig. e, pl. 5, fig. d, pl. 12, figs. a–f (= Albunea elioti Benedict, 1904 ).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: Zanzibar: Dredged in muddy sand, around Bawi and Change Islands , off Zanzibar City , 6–16 fms (= 11.0– 29.3 m), Feb. 27, 1957, coll. A. J. Ostheimer III: 1 ♀, 10.9 mm cl ( ANSP CA4646 ) ; Sta. 650, dredged in shell and sponge, approximately 1.5 mi east of Puopu Island , 7–9 fms (= 12.8–16.5 m), Feb. 20, 1957, coll. A. J. Ostheimer III: 1 ♀, 12.8 mm cl ( ANSP CA4647 ) .

Oman: Muscat, 10–15 fms (= 18.3–27.4 m), coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 7.8 mm cl ( BMNH 1901.4.20.10).

Seychelles: Mahe´, July–Aug. 1972, coll. Mission Zoologique MRAC­ULB: 2 ♀, 6.0– 10.2 mm cl ( MRAC 53.604).

Maldives: Mahlosmadulu Atoll, 20 fms (= 36.6 m), pre–1900, coll. J. S. Gardiner: 2 ♀, 4.6–4.7 mm cl ( UMZC).

Philippines: Sulu Archipelago: ‘‘ Sooloo Islands, Eastern Seas ,’’ coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 11.3 mm cl, holotype ( BMNH 1937.6.7.3) ; Sta. 212, 06°54̍N, 122°18̍E, 10 fms (= 18.3 m), Jan. 30, 1875, coll. R/V ‘‘ Challenger’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 9.5 mm cl ( ZMUC 2715 ex BMNH), 1 unsexable, unmeasurable specimen ( MNHN­ Hi 11 ex BMNH) ; south lagoon, Sibutu , 04°31̍N, 119°22̍E, 12 fms (= 21.9 m), Feb. 25–26, 1964, coll. B. R. Wilson on ‘‘ Pele’ ’: 1 ♀, 12.0 mm cl ( WAM 10408) ; south lagoon, Sibutu , 04°31̍N, 119°22̍E, 13 fms (= 23.8 m), Feb. 25, 1964, coll. B. R. Wilson on ‘‘ Pele’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 9.1 mm cl, 1 ♀, 10.1 mm cl ( WAM 10409) ; south lagoon, Sibutu , 04°31̍N, 119°22̍E, 9–13 fms (= 16.5–23.8 m), Feb. 25–26, 1964, coll. B. R. Wilson on ‘‘ Pele’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 8.6 mm cl ( WAM 10416) ; west of Pearl Bank , 9–12 fms (= 16.5–21.9 m), Feb. 21, 1964, coll. B. R. Wilson on ‘‘ Pele’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 4.9 mm cl ( WAM 10412), 1 Ƌ, 10.2 mm cl ( ZRC 1970.11.3.1) ; 2.5 mi and 358° from Malanipa Island, Basilan Straits , 15 fms (= 27.4 m), Feb. 12, 1964, coll. B. R. Wilson on ‘‘ Pele’ ’: 2 Ƌ, 8.2–10.8 mm cl, 1 oviger, 10.0 mm cl ( WAM 10417) .

India: Andaman Islands: Port Blair, coll. unknown: 2 Ƌ, 6.2–6.7 mm cl ( BMNH 1956.1.14.20).

Indonesia: Corindon II, Sta. DR293, 02°37.7̍S, 117°49.4̍E, Makassar, 45.0 m, Nov. 10, 1980, coll. R/V ‘‘Coriolis’’: 1 oviger, 12.1 mm cl (MNHN­Hi 201).

New Guinea: Sta. 549, east coast of Rouw Island, Aoeri Group, West Geelrinck Bay, Feb. 23, 1956, coll. A. F. Ostheimer on ‘‘Gloria Maris’’: 1 Ƌ, 11.2 mm cl ( RMNH 23641).

Australia: Queensland: Michaelmas Cay, Great Barrier Reef, north of Cairns , Sept. 14, 1963, coll. W. Goode: 1 Ƌ, 11.6 mm cl ( WAM 23385) ; Cape Sandwich, north of Townsville , 10 fms (= 18.3 m), Nov. 1963, coll. W. Goode: 1 unsexable specimen, 10.4 mm cl ( WAM 23388) ; Cairns Reef near Cooktown , Oct. 1, 1963, coll. W. Goode: 1 Ƌ, 11.4 mm cl ( WAM 23400) ; Rudder Reef off Mossman , 16°11̍S, 145°40̍E, 30 m, Oct. 21, 1973, coll. R. J. Plant: 2 Ƌ, 6.6–11.0 mm cl, 4 ♀, 6.2–13.0 mm cl ( MOV J14553 ), 1 ♀, 15.7 mm cl ( MOV J40128 ex MOV J14553 ) ; Rudder Reef, 30 mi northeast of Mossman , 16°11̍S, 145°40̍E, 3.1 m, Oct. 21, 1973, coll. R. J. Plant: 1 Ƌ, 11.0 mm cl ( MOV J44734 ) ; Rudder Reef, 30 mi northeast of Mossman , 16°11̍S, 145°40̍E, 3 m, Oct. 1973, coll. R. J. Plant: 2 Ƌ, 5.9–6.4 mm cl ( MOV J44735 ) ; Michaelmas Reef , 16°35̍S, 146°00̍E, Jan. 1964, coll. D. Beckworth: 1 ♀, 12.9 mm cl ( MOV J44727 ) ; north edge of reef around coral patches, 1.25 mi from east end of cay, Michaelmas Reef , 15 ft (= 4.5 m), Oct. 14, 1965, coll. Australian Museum Party: 2 Ƌ, 10.4–10.6 mm cl, 1 ♀, 10.2 mm cl (AM P19646) ; Lizard Island, near Cooktown , 4 m, May 26–June 4, 1975, coll. G. Anderson: 1 ♀, 12.3 mm cl (AM P20648) ; Little Trunk Reef , 18°20̍S, 146°46̍E, 9.1–12.2 m, Nov. 5, 1990, coll. K. Lamprell: 1 Ƌ 10.0 mm cl, 2 ♀, 10.2–11.7 mm cl ( QM W17460) .

New Caledonia: Sta. DW 1390, 18°27.5̍S, 163°08.7̍E, 38 m, May 11, 1999, coll. ‘‘Alis’’ Campagne SURPRISES (B. Richer De Forges): 1 Ƌ, 9.7 mm cl ( MNHN­ Hi 261).

DIAGNOSIS: Carapace longer than wide, covered with strongly setose grooves. Anterior margin with 8–11 spines on either side of ocular sinus. Setal field with thick lateral elements and straight anterior margin. CG1 with separate posterior lateral elements; CG4 fragmented, median element displaced anteriorly; CG5 entire; CG6 and CG7 united; CG11 present. Rostrum present, exceeding posterior margin of ocular plate by approximately one­half length of ocular plate. Ocular plate subquadrate. Distal peduncular segments dorsoventrally flattened and oblong in shape, rounded at tip, approximated along distal two­thirds of mesial margins, lateral margins convex except at concave tip, mesial margins convex. Cornea on lateral margin at tip. Dactylus of pereopod II with heel produced and rounded. Dactylus of pereopod III with heel produced and rounded. Dactylus of pereopod IV evenly sinuous from base to tip, with shallow indent. Telson of male broadly triangular, inflated dorsally, broadly rounded at tip, strongly calcified proximally, large decalcified area on either side of thin medial calcified strip, long thin setae medially and along anterior margin of windows. Telson of female flattened, ovate, longitudinal row of short, thin setae medially.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace (fig. 81A) slightly wider than long. Anterior margin slightly concave on either side of ocular sinus, becoming convex laterally, with 8–11 large spines (n = 5) along length. Rostrum as small acute tooth, extending halfway across the ocular plate. Ocular sinus smoothly concave and unarmed. Frontal region smooth; setal field broad anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior lateral elements lacking. CG1 parallel to anterior margin of carapace, faintly sinuous, strongly crenulate, divided into medial fragment and curved, posteriorly displaced, lateral elements. Mesogastric region smooth; CG2 present as one or two short me­ dial elements; CG3 broken into one to five short and one or two long elements between posterior lateral elements of CG1; CG4 with one short, anteriorly displaced, medial element and two longer lateral elements spaced approximately equally between longer supralateral elements of CG4. Hepatic region smooth with oblique setose groove at median of lateral margin. Epibranchial region generally triangular, smooth; posterolateral margin with three short rows of setae. Metagastric region smooth; CG5 entire. CG6 strongly crenulate, strongly anteriorly concave medially and sloping out to anteriorly convex lateral thirds. CG7 oblique, almost reaching lateral margins of median segment of CG6. Cardiac region smooth; CG8 present as three long elements. CG9 present as two short lateral grooves with gap at midline. CG10 present as two long lateral fragments, with gap between fragments, short line anterior to CG11 may be posteriorly displaced medial fragment of CG10. CG11 present as one or two short elements. Branchial region with numerous short, transverse rows of setae. Posterior margin deeply and evenly convex, with submarginal groove reaching less than onee­third up margin of posterior concavity. Branchiostegite with short anterior submarginal spine; anterior region with scattered short, transverse lines ventral to linea anomurica; with many short rows of setae and sparsely covered with long plumose setae ventrally; posterior region membranous, with numerous irregular fragments and sparsely covered with long plumose setae.

Ocular plate (fig. 81B, C) subquadrate, with shallow median indentation; median peduncular segments present as small ovate, calcified areas lateral to ocular plate. Distal peduncular segments irregularly oblong, with convex lateral and mesial margins, cornea located laterally on produced tip; mesial margins approximated along distal two­thirds; mesial and lateral margins with long plumose setae; tuft of plumose setae at proximolateral ventral angle and medial row of plumose setae extending from tuft to base of cornea.

Antennule (fig. 81D) with segment III narrow proximally, expanding distally to two times proximal width; with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and sparsely scattered on lateral surface; dorsal exopodal fla­ gellum with 55–75 articles (n = 5), long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; ventral endopodal flagellum short, with two articles (n = 5) and plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment II medially in­ flated from dorsal view, with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on ventrolateral third of surface. Segment I wider than long, unarmed; dorsal third of lateral surface rugose, with long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins.

Antenna (fig. 81E) with segment V approximately 2.5 times longer than wide, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin and scattered on lateral surface; flagellum with five or six articles (n=5), long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins. Segment IV expanded distally, with long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral and distal margins, and row of setae on dorsolateral surface. Segment III with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margin and in short row on surface. Segment II short, widening distally, rugose, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface; antennal acicle long, thin, and just exceeding distal margin of segment IV, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Segment I rounded proximally, flattened ventrolaterally, with long plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface rugae behind spine; lateral surface with acute spine dorsally, low semicircular dorsolateral lobe ventrodistal to spine; segment with ventromesial antennal gland pore.

Mandible (fig. 81F) incisor process with two teeth; cutting edge with one tooth. Palp three­segmented, with plumose setae on margins and long, thick, simple setae arising from bend in second segment and on distal margin of terminal segment.

Maxillule (fig. 81G) distal endite proximally narrow, widening to inflated distal end, with thick simple setae on distal margin and thin simple setae on dorsal margin. Proximal endite with thick simple setae on distal margin. Endopodal external lobe truncate distally and curled under; internal lobe reduced, with two thick setae at distolateral margin.

Maxilla (fig. 81H) exopod evenly rounded, with plumose setae along distal margin. Scaphognathite bluntly angled on posterior lobe, with plumose setae.

Maxilliped I (fig. 81I) epipod with plumose setae on margins, distolateral surface, and mesial surface. Endite tapered distally and subequal to first segment of exopod. Exopod with two segments: proximal segment narrow, margins parallel, margins with plumose setae; distal segment spatulate, longer than wide, broadest medially, margins and mesioventral surface with long plumose setae. Endopod flattened and elongate, reaching two­thirds of distance to distal end of proximal exopodal segment; plumose setae on margins and median of lateral surface.

Maxilliped II (fig. 81J) dactylus evenly rounded, length equal to width, with thick simple setae distally and on distolateral surface. Propodus two times wider than long, slightly produced at dorsodistal angle, with plumose setae on dorsal margin and patch of long simple setae on lateral surface and ventrolateral angle. Carpus not produced dorsodistally, approximately two times longer than wide; long simple setae on dorsal and distal margins. Merus approximately three times longer than wide, margins parallel; with simple and plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused with plumose setae on margins. Exopod one­third longer than merus, flagellum with one elongate article.

Maxilliped III (fig. 81K) dactylus with rounded tip; long plumose setae on margins and lateral surface. Propodus slightly inflated medially, with longitudinal median row of plumose setae on lateral surface; margins with plumose setae. Carpus produced onto propodus almost one­half length of propodus; lateral surface with two rows of plumose setae on surface; plumose setae on margins. Merus inflated, unarmed, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with weak crista dentata of two or three teeth. Exopod two­segmented: proximal segment small; distal segment styliform, tapering, approximately one­half length of merus; with plumose setae on margins; without flagellum.

Pereopod I (fig. 82A) dactylus curved and tapering; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth; dorsal margin proximally rugose, with long plumose and short simple setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Propodal lateral surface with numerous short, transverse rows of setose rugae; dorsal margin unarmed; ventral margin distally produced into acute spine; cutting edge lacking teeth, lined with long plumose setae; dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short simple setae. Carpus with dorsodistal angle produced into strong corneous­tipped spine; dorsal margin with short transverse grooves behind spine; dorsal and distal margins with long plumose setae; lateral surface with small distal rugose area, with few transverse setose ridges on distal half of surface; mesial surface smooth, with medial transverse row of setae, margins with long plumose setae. Merus unarmed; lateral surface with scattered transverse rows of long plumose setae, margins with long plumose setae; mesial side with few scattered setae; fully calcified. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod II (fig. 82B) dactylus smooth; base to heel slightly concave, heel smoothly rounded, slightly produced, heel to tip with wide, acute indent, tip acute, tip to base broadly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, several widely spaced submarginal tufts of short setae dorsodistally; mesial surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae, with patch of long plumose setae at base. Propodal dorsal surface smooth, with ventral margin inflated and rounded; oblique row of long plumose setae on distal margin of lateral surface; distal and ventral margin with long plumose setae; dorsolateral surface as narrow, oblique, flattened shelf, with short setae on dorsal margin and long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with elevated, curved, setose ridge from ventral junction with dactylus almost to ventral proximal junction with carpus. Carpus slightly produced and gently rounded dorsodistally, dorsal margin unarmed; lateral surface smooth, with setose mat on produced area and irregular, interrupted row of rugae and submarginal elevated ridge ventrally, rugae and ridge with long plumose setae; margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with row of long plumose setae subdorsally. Merus with large median decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface, with few scattered setae on surface and margins; mesial surface nearly smooth, with two long rows of setae. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod III (fig. 82C) dactylus with base to heel straight, heel broadly rounded and low, heel to tip with broadly concave indent, tip acute, tip to base smoothly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, dorsodistal margin with tufts of short setae; ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple and plumose setae; mesial surface smooth with plumose setae proximally at junction with propodus. Propodus not inflat­ ed dorsoventrally; lateral surface smooth, with long plumose setae in oblique row, simple setae on dorsal margin; dorsolateral surface narrow, oblique, flattened, with setose mat; mesial surface with scattered long setae on and near distal margin, and in oblique row on surface. Carpus produced dorsodistally, only slightly exceeding proximal margin of propodus; dorsolateral margin unarmed; lateral surface slightly rugose dorsodistally, with mat of short setae and row of setae ventrally; mesial surface smooth, with long plumose setae on margins. Merus smooth, with large decalcified window covering nearly half of lateral surface medially; dorsal and ventral margins unarmed, with long plumose setae; distolateral margin with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa of male with small anteromesial spine; coxa of female unarmed. Female with large gonopore on anterior mesial margin of coxa, surround­ ed with short plumose setae; male without pore.

Pereopod IV (fig. 82D) dactylus with base to tip convex to concave, tip acute, tip to base convex; lateral surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with dorsal decalcified region, demarcated ventrally by longitudinal elevated ridge with row of short setae; with setose punctations ventral to decalcified window. Propodus expanded dorsally and ventrally; ventral expansion reaching ventral margin of dactylus, margin with long plumose setae; dorsal expansion with row of long plumose setae dorsally, oblique area with mat of short simple setae; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth. Carpus slightly produced dorsodistally; ventral three­fourths of lateral surface and mesial surface smooth, dorsodistal quarter of lateral surface with mat of short setae; dorsal margin with short simple and long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae; mesial surface partially decalcified medially. Merus lateral surface with scattered short transverse rows of setae, dorsal and ventrodistal margins with long plumose setae; proximoventral third of mesial surface with large decalcified window. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Abdomen (fig. 82E) with somite I wider than long, widest posteriorly; dorsal surface with anterior margin straight; posterior margin curved, with elevated submarginal row of short setae; small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment median. Somite II dorsal surface with submarginal transverse ridge anteriorly; with small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment median just anterior to submarginal ridge; pleura expanded and directed anterolaterally; lateral margins rounded, anterior and lateral margins with long plumose setae, posterior margin with short setae; posteromesial angle with mat of short simple setae. Somite III similar to somite II, but narrower, shorter; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite II, directed posterolaterally, with setae as in somite II; anterolateral angle acute; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally. Somite IV similar to somite III, but thinner and shorter; dorsal surface with few short setae anterolaterally; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite III, directed posterolaterally; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally; margins with long plumose setae. Somite V wider than somite IV; lateral margins with plumose setae; pleura absent. Somite VI slightly broader than somite V; dorsal surface with short transverse rows of setae laterad of midline and posteriorly; pleura absent.

Females with uniramous, paired pleopods on somites II–V; males without pleopods.

Telson of male (fig. 82F) broadly triangular, longer than wide, with broadly round­ ed tip; proximal third thickly calcified, inflated dorsally; distal two­thirds with large decalcified windows laterad of thin medial calcified strip, margins of windows with long simple setae; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length; proximolateral angles with patch of short simple setae; margins with long simple setae. Telson of female (fig. 82G) flattened, ovate, and evenly calcified; median groove similar to male but flanked along distal half by long thin simple setae; proximolateral angle with patch of setae, margins with long simple setae.

DISTRIBUTION: From Zanzibar and Madagascar north to Oman and eastward to the Philippines and New Caledonia, in 3–45 m depth. Also reported from Japan ( Miyake, 1978).

MAXIMUM SIZE: Males: 11.6 mm cl; females: 15.7 mm cl.

TYPE SPECIMEN: BMNH 1937.6.7.3 (holotype).

TYPE LOCALITY: ‘‘Sooloo Island’’ (= Sulu Archipelago, Philippines).

REMARKS: Although it is surprising that two of three specimens of the type series of A. microps reported by Henderson (1888) were transferred from BMNH to other museums, this was apparently common practice with much of the ‘‘Challenger’’ material ( Lingwood, 1981).

Thomassin’s (1969) material of ‘‘ Albunea microps ’’ from Madagascar was a mixture of that species and A. elioti . This is clearly shown by his illustrations, as figures 2 and 3b are A. microps , while all of the figures on plate 2 are A. elioti (see also Boyko and Harvey, 1999). How many specimens of each taxon were present in Thomassin’s (1969) samples is unknown, as he did not deposit any specimens in the MNHN or any other institution, and they cannot be examined. Thomassin’s (1969: text­fig. 12) distribution map is correct for the localities marked, but the species spans a wide geographic range between Madagascar and Samoa. The Japanese name for this species is ‘‘Togenashi­Kudahigegani’’ (Asakura, personal commun.).

It is obvious from the illustrations of Calado (1995) that the specimens she examined and cited as A. ‘‘ symnista ’’ are A. microps . This was confirmed by direct examination of those specimens. As discussed further under A. symmysta , this misidentification is probably the basis for Calado’s (1997a) subsequent description of A. edsoni , which is a synonym of A. symmysta . Calado (1995: pl. 21, fig. a) also omitted the setal field in the carapace drawing.

As with most albuneids, little is known of the biology of A. microps . Ovigerous females are known from February and November. This species is fairly common in the Philippines, as shown by the abundant material cit­ ed above and by the 65 specimens listed by Serène and Umali (1965). MOV J40128 is the type and only known host for the bopyrid isopod Albunione australiana Markham and Boyko, 1999 .

This species was considered the senior synonym of A. elioti until Boyko and Harvey (1999) clearly showed the distinctiveness of both species. The shape of both the telson of the male and the distal peduncular segments can be used to tell the two species apart. The telson of the male of A. microps is heavily calcified and somewhat inflated proximally, but partially decalcified distally and narrowing to a produced tip. An oblique row of long setae is present just proximal to the demarcation line between the calcified and decalcified regions on each side of the median line. In A. elioti , the telson of the male is narrowly triangular, fully calcified, with short thick setae on a strong medial ridge, and lacks the oblique row of setae. The mesial margins of the distal peduncular segments are strongly convex in A. elioti but only slightly so in A. microps . In addition, the cornea of A. elioti is more posterolaterally displaced from the tip of the distal peduncular segment. Albunea microps is the sister species to A. elioti and typifies the ‘‘ microps ­ group’’ of Albunea , which also includes A. elioti and A. galapagensis .

Albunea elioti Benedict, 1904

Figures 83 , 84

Albunea elioti Benedict, 1904: 623 , fig. 2*. – Gor­

don, 1938: 187 (list). – Coêlho and Calado,

1987: table 1. – Boyko and Harvey, 1999: 386,

400 (list), 402 (key)*. – Boyko, 1999: 145

(list).

Albunea microps: Thomassin, 1969: 140–143

(part), pl. 2, figs. 1–9. – Calado, 1995: 46–49,

pl. 4, fig. e, pl. 5, fig. d, pl. 12, figs. a–f (not

Albunea microps Miers, 1878 ).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: Madagascar: Sta. 15/15, Tulear, 1976, coll. P. Galenon: 1 Ƌ, 10.4 mm cl (MNHN­Hi 88).

Seychelles: Sta. 4, 32 m, Sept. 2, 1980, coll. ORSTOM 1980–Reves 2: 1 ♀, 14.4 mm cl (MNHN­Hi 195).

Australia: Western Australia: Barrow Island, 3 ft (= 0.9 m), June 6, 1964, coll. W. H. Butler: 1 Ƌ, 12.0 mm cl ( WAM 23394).

Caroline Islands: Sta. 137, Kapingamarangi Atoll, Polim Reef, flat region next to Tipongowakaram Pass, 01°02̍00̎N, 154°45̍14̎E, Aug. 12, 1954, coll. George Vanderbilt Foundation: 1 ♀, unmeasurable ( USNM 104746).

Fiji: Viti [Levu] Island, coll. unknown: 1 ♀, 17.0 mm cl ( ZMH K–5134 ex Museum Goddefroy 941).

Japan: Iko, Kuroshima Island, Yaeyama Islands, intertidal, April 28, 1998, coll. K. Nomura: 1 Ƌ, 16.65 mm cl ( CBM­ZC 5334).

Tonga: South of Ohonua Harbor, Eua Island, Tongatabu Group, 21°20̍15̎S, 174°58̍14̎W, 0–5 ft (= 0–1.5 m), Nov. 2, 1993, coll. J. T. Williams et al.: 1 Ƌ, 16.5 mm cl ( USNM 281472).

Samoa: ‘‘Samoa’’, coll. unknown: 1 ♀, 16.2 mm cl, holotype ( USNM 26169).

DIAGNOSIS: Carapace wider than long, covered with strongly setose grooves. Anterior margin with seven to nine spines on either side of ocular sinus. Setal field with thick lateral elements and diffuse anterior margin. CG1 with separate posterior lateral elements; CG4 with one or two short medial elements and two longer lateral elements spaced approximately equally between longer supralateral elements of CG4; CG5 ranging from entire to four short elements; CG6 and CG7 almost united but separate; CG11 present. Rostrum present, exceeding posterior margin of ocular plate by approximately one­half length of ocular plate. Ocular plate subquadrate. Distal peduncular segments dorsoventrally flattened and oblong in shape, rounded at tip, separated along mesial margins, lateral margins sinuous, mesial margins convex. Cornea on lateral margin at tip. Dactylus of pereopod II with heel produced and rounded. Dactylus of pereopod III with heel produced and rounded. Dactylus of pereopod IV evenly sinuous from base to tip, with shallow indent. Telson of male elongate triangular with rounded tip; median area thickly calcified, marginal area weakly calcified, medial row of short thick simple setae. Telson of female similar to male but broader, flattened, evenly calcified, with medial row of thin setae.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace (fig. 83A) wider than long. Anterior margin slightly concave on either side of ocular sinus, becoming convex laterally, with seven to nine large spines (n = 5) along length. Rostrum as small acute tooth, extending halfway across ocular plate. Ocular sinus smoothly concave and unarmed. Frontal region smooth; setal field broad anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior lateral elements broad and adjoining posterior lateral elements of CG1. CG1 parallel to anterior margin of carapace, faintly sinuous, strongly crenulate, divided into medial fragment and curved posteriorly displaced lateral elements. Mesogastric region smooth; CG2 present as one or two elements; CG3 broken into one to four long and short elements approximately equally spaced between posterior lateral elements of CG1; CG4 with one or two short medial elements and two longer lateral elements spaced approximately equally between longer supralateral elements of CG4. Hepatic region smooth, with oblique setose groove at median of lateral margin. Epibranchial region generally triangular, smooth; posterolateral margin with three short rows of setae. Metagastric region smooth; CG5 ranging from entire to four short elements. CG6 strongly crenulate, strongly anteriorly concave medially and sloping out to anteriorly convex lateral thirds. CG7 oblique, almost reaching lateral margins of median segment of CG6. Cardiac region smooth; CG8 present as three long elements. CG9 present as two short lateral grooves with gap at midline. CG10 present as two long lateral fragments, with short gap between fragments. CG11 present. Branchial region with numerous short, transverse rows of setae. Posterior margin deeply and evenly convex, with submarginal groove reaching less than one­third up margin of posterior concavity. Branchiostegite with short anterior submarginal spine; anterior region with scattered short transverse lines ventral to linea anomurica; with many short rows of setae and sparsely covered with long plumose setae ventrally; posterior region membranous with numerous irregular fragments and sparsely covered with long plumose setae.

Ocular plate (fig. 83B, C) subrectangular with shallow median indentation; median peduncular segments bluntly diamond­shaped and located ventral to ocular plate and distal peduncular segments; not visible in dorsal view. Distal peduncular segments irregularly oblong, with convex lateral and mesial margins, two lateral notches present with oblong cornea located in distal notch; mesial margins widely separated along all of length; mesial and lateral margins with long plumose setae; tuft of plumose setae at proximolateral ventral angle and short row of plumose setae proximoventral to cornea notch.

Antennule (fig. 83D) with segment III narrow proximally, expanding distally to two times proximal width; with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and sparsely scattered on lateral surface; dorsal exopodal flagellum with 56–64 articles (n = 3), long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; ventral endopodal flagellum short with one segment (n = 4) and plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment II medially inflated in dorsal view, with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on ventrolateral third of surface. Segment I longer than wide, unarmed; dorsal third of lateral surface rugose with long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins.

Antenna (fig. 83E) with segment V approximately 2.5 times longer than wide, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin and scattered on lateral surface; flagellum with five articles (n = 4), long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins. Segment IV expanded distally, with long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins, and row of setae on dorsolateral surface. Segment III with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margin and in short row on surface. Segment II short, widening distally, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface; antennal acicle long, thin, and just exceeding distal margin of segment IV, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Segment I rounded proximally, flattened ventrolaterally, with long plumose setae on margins; lateral surface with rounded spine dorsally, low semicircular dorsolateral lobe ventrodistal to spine; segment with ventromesial antennal gland pore.

Mandible (fig. 83F) incisor process with one tooth; cutting edge with one tooth. Palp three­segmented, with plumose setae on margins and long, thick, simple setae arising from bend in second segment and on distal margin of terminal segment.

Maxillule (fig. 83G) distal endite proximally narrow, widening to inflated distal end, with thick simple setae on distal margin. Proximal endite with thick simple setae on distal margin and thin plumose setae on dorsal margin. Endopodal external lobe truncate distally and curled under; internal lobe reduced with six thick setae at distolateral margin.

Maxilla (fig. 83H) exopod evenly rounded, with plumose setae along distal margin. Scaphognathite bluntly angled on posterior lobe, with plumose setae.

Maxilliped I (fig. 83I) epipod with plumose setae on margins, distolateral surface and mesial surface (epipod shown curled in fig. 83I). Endite tapered distally and subequal to first segment of exopod. Exopod with two segments; proximal segment narrow, margins parallel, with plumose setae; distal segment spatulate, longer than wide, broadest medially, margins and mesioventral surface with long plumose setae. Endopod flattened and elongate, reaching nearly to distal end of proximal exopodal segment; plumose setae on margins and median of lateral surface.

Maxilliped II (fig. 83J) dactylus evenly rounded, length equal to width, with thick simple setae distally and on distolateral surface. Propodus two times wider than long, slightly produced at dorsodistal angle, with plumose setae on dorsal margin and patch of long simple setae on lateral surface and ventrolateral angle. Carpus not produced dorsodistally, approximately two times longer than wide; long simple setae on dorsal and distal margins and in few small patches on surface. Merus approximately two times longer than wide, margins parallel; with simple and plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused with plumose setae on margins. Exopod one­third longer than merus, flagellum with one elongate segment.

Maxilliped III (fig. 83K) dactylus with rounded tip; long plumose setae on margins and lateral surface. Propodus slightly inflated medially, with longitudinal median row of plumose setae on lateral surface; margins with plumose setae. Carpus produced onto propodus almost one­half length of propodus; lateral surface with two rows of plumose setae on surface; plumose setae on margins. Merus inflated, unarmed, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with weak crista dentata of one or two teeth. Exopod two­segmented: proximal segment small; distal segment styliform, tapering, approximately one­half length of merus; with plumose setae on margins; without flagellum.

Pereopod I (fig. 84A) dactylus curved and tapering; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth; dorsal margin proximally rugose, with long plumose and short simple setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Propodal lateral surface with numerous short, transverse rows of setose rugae; dorsal margin unarmed; ventral margin distally produced into acute spine; cutting edge lacking teeth, lined with long plumose setae; dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short simple setae. Carpus with dorsodistal angle produced into strong corneous­tipped spine; dorsal margin with short transverse grooves behind spine; dorsal and distal margins with long plumose setae; lateral surface with small distal rugose area, few transverse setose ridges on distal half of surface; mesial surface smooth, with few median rows of setae, margins with long plumose setae. Merus unarmed; lateral surface with scattered transverse rows of long plumose setae, margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface with few short rows of setae; fully calcified. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod II (fig. 84B) dactylus smooth; base to heel slightly concave, heel smoothly rounded, heel to tip with wide, acute indent, tip acute, tip to base broadly convex distally and slightly concave proximally; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, several widely spaced submarginal tufts of short setae dorsodistally; mesial surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae, with patch of long plumose setae at base. Propodal dorsal surface smooth, with ventral margin inflated and rounded; oblique row of long plumose setae on distal margin of lateral surface; distal and ventral margin with long plumose setae; dorsolateral surface as narrow, oblique, flattened shelf, with short setae on dorsal margin and long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with elevated, curved, setose ridge from ventral junction with dactylus almost to ventral proximal junction with carpus; small decalcified region just distal to junction with carpus. Carpus slightly produced and gently rounded dorsodistally, dorsal margin unarmed; lateral surface smooth, with setose mat on distodorsal quarter and irregular, interrupted row of rugae and submarginal elevated ridge ventrally, rugae and ridge with long plumose setae; margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth with scattered patches of long plumose setae in subdorsal and submarginal rows. Merus with large median decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface, with few scattered setae on surface and margins; mesial surface nearly smooth, with few setae, and small decalcified area near junction with basis­ischium. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod III (fig. 84C) dactylus with base to heel convex, heel broadly rounded and low, heel to tip with broadly concave indent, tip acute, tip to base smoothly convex distally to straight proximally; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, dorsodistal margin with tufts of short setae; ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple and plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with plumose setae proximally at junction with propodus. Propodus not inflat­ ed dorsoventrally; lateral surface smooth, with long plumose setae in oblique row, with simple setae on dorsal margins; dorsolateral surface narrow, oblique, flattened, with setose mat; mesial surface with scattered long setae on and near distal margin, with small decalcified window near junction with car­ pus. Carpus produced dorsodistally, exceeding proximal margin of propodus by approximately one­third length of propodus; dorsolateral margin unarmed; lateral surface slightly rugose dorsodistally, with mat of short setae and row of setae ventrally; mesial surface smooth, with long plumose setae on margins. Merus smooth, with large decalcified window covering nearly half of lateral surface medially; dorsal and ventral margins unarmed, with long plumose setae; latero­ distal margin with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with small decalcified window at junction with basis­ischium. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed. Female with large gonopore on anterior mesial margin of coxa, surround­ ed with short plumose setae; male without pore.

Pereopod IV (fig. 84D) dactylus with base to tip convex to concave, tip acute, tip to base convex; lateral surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with dorsal decalcified region, demarcated ventrally by longitudinal elevated ridge with row of short setae; with setose punctations ventral to decalcified window. Propodus expanded dorsally and ventrally; ventral expansion almost reaching ventral margin of dactylus, margin with long plumose setae; dorsal expansion with row of long plumose setae dorsally, oblique area with mat of short simple setae; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth. Carpus not produced dorsodistally; ventral three­fourths of lateral surface and mesial surface smooth, dorsodistal quarter of lateral surface with mat of short setae; dorsal margin with short simple and long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Merus with scattered short transverse rows of setae on lateral surface, dorsal and ventrodistal margins with long plumose setae; proximoventral third of mesial surface with large decalcified window. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Abdomen (fig. 84E) with somite I wider than long, widest posteriorly; dorsal surface with anterior margin straight; posterior margin curved with elevated submarginal row of short setae; with small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment median. Somite II dorsal surface with submarginal transverse ridge anteriorly; with small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment median just anterior to submarginal ridge; with tuft of setae at posterolateral angle, extending onto pleura posteromesially; pleura expanded and directed slightly anterolaterally; lateral margins rounded, anterior and lateral margins with long plumose setae, posterior margin with short setae. Somite III similar to somite II, but narrower, shorter; small tuft of short thick setae on posterolateral angle; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite II, directed posterolaterally, with setae as in somite II; anterolateral angle acute; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally. Somite IV similar to somite III, but thinner and shorter; dorsal surface with few thick setae posterolaterally; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite III, directed posterolaterally; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally; margins with long plumose setae. Somite V wider than somite IV; lateral margins with plumose setae; pleura absent. Somite VI subequal to somite V; dorsal surface with short transverse rows of setae laterad of midline, anteriorly and posteriorly; pleura absent.

Females with uniramous, paired pleopods on somites II–V; males without pleopods.

Telson of male (fig. 84F) elongate triangular, two times longer than wide, with pointed rounded tip; median area thickly calcified, with dorsodistally produced tip; marginal area weakly calcified, flattened and thin; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length, flanked on distal half by dense row of short thick simple setae continuing to produced tip; proximolateral angles each with patch of short simple setae; margins with long simple setae. Telson of female (fig. 84G) similar to male but broader, flattened, and evenly calcified; median groove similar but flanked along distal half by long thin simple setae; proximolateral angle with denser patch of setae than male.

DISTRIBUTION: Known from Madagascar and the Seychelles eastward to Samoa, in up to 32 m depth.

MAXIMUM SIZE: Males: 16.65 mm cl; females: 17.0 mm cl.

TYPE SPECIMEN: USNM 26169 (holotype).

TYPE LOCALITY: Samoa.

REMARKS: As previously noted, Thomassin’s (1969) material of ‘‘ Albunea microps ’’ from Madagascar was a mixture of that species and A. elioti . This is clearly shown by his illustrations, as figures 2 and 3b are A. microps , while all of the figures on plate 2 are A. elioti (see also Boyko and Harvey, 1999). How many specimens of each taxon were present in Thomassin’s (1969) samples is unknown, as he did not deposit any specimens in MNHN or any other institution, and they are unavailable for examination.

Calado’s (1995) illustration of the carapace (as A. microps ) is too slender and does not accurately depict the subquadrate shape typical of this species.

This species was considered a synonym of A. microps until Boyko and Harvey (1999) gave the distinguishing characters that separate the two species (see under A. microps for details). Albunea microps is the sister species to A. elioti .

Figures

Fig. 79. Albunea galapagensis, n. sp.: A–J, ♀, 19.3 mm cl, USNM 267797, paratype. A. Carapace, branchiostegite, and ocular peduncles, dorsal view. B. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. C. Left antennule, lateral view. D. Left antenna, lateral view. E. Left mandible, mesial view. F. Left maxillule, lateral view. G. Left maxilla, lateral view. H. Left maxilliped I, lateral view. I. Left maxilliped II, lateral view. J. Left maxilliped III, lateral view. Scale = 1.7 mm (B), 2.1 mm (F), 3.3 mm (E, I), 4.4 mm (C, D, H, J), 5.9 mm (A), and 6.7 mm (G).

Fig. 80. Albunea galapagensis, n. sp.: A–E, H, ♀, 19.3 mm cl, USNM 267797, paratype; F, G, Ƌ, 15.5 mm cl, USNM 267797, paratype. A. Left pereopod I, lateral view. B. Left pereopod II, lateral view. C. Left pereopod III, lateral view. D. Left pereopod IV, lateral view. E. Abdominal somites I–VI, dorsal view. F. Telson of Ƌ, dorsal view. G. Telson of Ƌ, lateral view. H. Telson of ♀, dorsal view. Scale = 3.3 mm (F–H) and 4.4 mm (A–E).

Fig. 81. Albunea microps Miers, 1878: A, C, oviger, 12.1 mm cl, MNHN Hi­201; B, D–K, Ƌ, 11.0 mm cl, MOV J44734. A. Carapace, branchiostegite, and ocular peduncles, dorsal view. B. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. C. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. D. Left antennule, lateral view. E. Left antenna, lateral view. F. Right mandible, mesial view. G. Right maxillule, lateral view. H. Right maxilla, lateral view. I. Right maxilliped I, lateral view. J. Left maxilliped II, lateral view. K. Right maxilliped III, lateral view. Scale = 1.6 mm (C, G), 2.2 mm (B, F, J), 3.3 mm (D, E, H, I, K), and 4.4 mm (A).

Fig. 82. Albunea microps Miers, 1878: A–D, Ƌ, 11.0 mm cl, WAM J44734; E, Ƌ, 10.4 mm, AM P19646; F, Ƌ, 11.3 mm cl, BMNH 1937.6.7.3, holotype; G, oviger, 12.1 mm cl, MNHN Hi­201. A. Left pereopod I, lateral view. B. Left pereopod II, lateral view. C. Left pereopod III, lateral view. D. Left pereopod IV, lateral view. E. Abdominal somites I–VI, dorsal view. F. Telson of Ƌ, dorsal view. G. Telson of ♀, dorsal view. Scale = 2.2 mm (F), 3.3 mm (E, G), and 4.4 mm (A–D).

Fig. 83. Albunea elioti Benedict, 1904: A, B, ♀, 16.2 mm cl, USNM 26169, holotype; C–K, Ƌ, 16.5 mm cl, USNM 281472. A. Carapace, branchiostegite, and ocular peduncles, dorsal view. B. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. C. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. D. Left antennule, lateral view. E. Left antenna, lateral view. F. Left mandible, mesial view. G. Left maxillule, lateral view. H. Left maxilla, lateral view. I. Left maxilliped I, lateral view. J. Left maxilliped II, lateral view. K. Left maxilliped III, lateral view. Scale = 1.6 mm (C), 2.2 mm (G), 3.3 mm (B, F, J), 4.4 mm (D, E, H, I, K), and 5.9 mm (A).

Fig. 84. Albunea elioti Benedict, 1904: A–D, Ƌ, 12.0 mm cl, WAM 23394; E, Ƌ, 10.4 mm cl, MNHN Hi­88; F, Ƌ, 16.5 mm cl, USNM 281472; G, ♀, 16.2 mm cl, USNM 26169, holotype. A. Left pereopod I, lateral view. B. Left pereopod II, lateral view. C. Left pereopod III, lateral view. D. Left pereopod IV, lateral view. E. Abdominal somites I–VI, dorsal view. F. Telson of Ƌ, dorsal view. G. Telson of ♀, dorsal view. Scale = 3.3 mm (E–G) and 4.4 mm (A–D).