Albunea catherinae, BOYKO, 2002

BOYKO, CHRISTOPHER B., 2002, A Worldwide Revision Of The Recent And Fossil Sand Crabs Of The Albuneidae Stimpson And Blepharipodidae, New Family (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Hippoidea), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2002 (272), pp. 1-396 : 343-373

Albunea catherinae , new species Figures 108–110

Albunea symnista [sic]: Gibbes, 1850b: 187 (not Albunea symmysta ( Linnaeus, 1758)) .

Albunea paretii: Kingsley, 1880: 409–410 . – Williams, 1965: 137–138 (part), figs. 112, 113*. – Kurata, 1970: 182, pls. 52, 53. – Coêlho and Ramos, 1972: 176 (part). – Dörges, 1977: 416. – Young, 1978: 177. – Kaestner, 1980: 336 (part). – Wenner and Read, 1982: 188. – Williams, 1984: 249–250 (part), figs. 182, 183*. – Fox and Ruppert, 1985: 259 (list). – Martin and Abele, 1986: 611, figs. 1b, 2d, 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b, 8b, 9b, c, 10b, 12b, 14b, 15b, 17b. – Manning, 1988: 626–628 *. – Ruppert and Fox, 1988: 250, 404, fig. 227. – Williams et al., 1989: 35. – Calado et al., 1990: 747 (part) (not Albunea paretii Guérin Méneville, 1853 ).

Albunaea [sic] gibbesii: Arnold, 1901: 269 , pl. 61, fig. 2 (not Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859 ).

Albunea oxyopthalma [sic]: Benedict. 1904: 625, fig. 5* (not Albunea oxyophthalma Miers, 1878 = Albunea paretii Guérin Méneville, 1853 ).

Albunea gibbesii: Hay and Shore, 1918: 414 , pl. 30, fig. 11. – Pearse et al., 1942: 185 * (not Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859 ).

Albunea oxyophthalma: Gordon, 1938: 187 (part), figs. 3d, 4d* (not Albunea oxyophthalma Miers, 1878 = Albunea paretii Guérin Méneville, 1853 ).

Albunea paretti [sic]: Kurata, 1970: 180–182 (not Albunea paretii Guérin Méneville, 1853 ).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: USA: Virginia: Ac­

comack Co.: 37°31̍12̎N, 75°18̍36̎W, 26 m,

March 22, 1976, coll. Virginia Institute of

Marine Science: 1 Ƌ, 4.4 mm cl ( USNM

179377); North Carolina: Dare Co.: Off

Cape Hatteras, 35°20̍35̎N, 75°18̍05̎W, 16

fms (= 29.3 m), Oct. 19, 1884, coll. ‘‘Al­

batross’’: 1 Ƌ, 9.0 mm cl, paratype ( YPM 21134); Carteret Co.: Sta. 2913, 34°29̍N, 76°09̍W, 20 fms (= 36.6 m), March 12, 1961, coll. R/V ‘‘Silver Bay’’: 1 Ƌ, 15.3 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 260813); Morehead City, April 7, 1891, coll. ‘‘Fish Hawk’’: 1 Ƌ, 10.8 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 29008); Sheepshead Shoal, Beaufort, July 4, 1941, coll. A. S. Pearse: 1 Ƌ, 16.1 mm cl, 2 ♀, 13.3–15.3 mm cl, paratypes ( USNM 81025), 1 ♀, 17.5 mm cl, paratype ( RMNH 14649 ex USNM 81025); Bird Shoal, Beaufort, June 11, 1941, coll. A. S. Pearse: 1 Ƌ, 17.0 mm cl, 2 ♀, 16.6–18.0 mm cl, paratypes ( USNM 81026), 1 Ƌ, 15.3 mm cl, paratype ( RMNH 14648 ex USNM 81026); Bird Shoal, Beaufort, Aug. 4, 1942, coll. A. S. Pearse: 1 ♀, 16.8 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 81027); Ft. Macon, Beaufort, coll. E. Coues: 1 ♀, 10.7 mm cl, paratype ( YPM 21135); Ft. Macon, Beaufort, Dec. 1871, coll. H. C. Yarrow: 1 ♀, 14.9 mm cl, paratype ( YPM 21136); sandflat west of dining hall, Duke Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, May 12, 1972, coll. Duke Marine Laboratory: 1 Ƌ, 14.3 mm cl, 1 ♀, 14.3 mm cl, paratypes ( ZMUC 2710); GOSNOLD 45, Vessel 03 Cruise 02, Sta. 1448, 34°30̍N, 77°02̍W, 15 m, May 18, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 ♀, 8.4 mm cl, paratype ( MCZ 19598); Brunswick Co.: 33°35̍N, 78°05̍W, 18 m, Feb. 11, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 1C: 1 ♀, 11.0 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 174227); 33°50̍N, 78°24̍W, 11 m, Feb. 9, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 1A: 1 juvenile, 3.9 mm cl ( USNM 174453); GOS­ NOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1462, 33°30̍N, 78°15̍W, 20 m, May 19, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 ♀, 15.4 mm cl, paratype ( MCZ 19596); South Carolina: Charleston Co.: ASTERIAS 65–1, Sta. 2259, 32°57̍N, 79°22̍W, 9 m, May 20, 1965, coll. NMFS: 1 ♀, 7.7 mm cl, paratype ( MCZ 19600); Beaufort Co.: ASTERIAS 65–1, Sta. 2295, 32°05̍N, 80°38̍W, 8 m, May 28, 1965, coll. NMFS: 1 oviger, 14.1 mm cl, paratype ( MCZ 19601); Georgia: Chatham Co.: 31°41̍06̎N, 80°20̍42̎W, 28 m, July 29, 1981, coll. M. Dojiri; 1 first stage crab. 2.7 mm cl ( USNM 225928); Liberty Co.: Sta. M2, North Beach, St. Catherines Island, May 17, 1995, coll. C. B. Boyko ( AMNH St. Catherines Island Expedition): 1 Ƌ, 15.0 mm cl, holotype ( AMNH 17194); Sta. M5, on exposed sand, sandbar offshore, North Beach, St. Catheri­ nes Island, May 16, 1998, coll. C. B. Boyko, J. Slapcinsky, A. and D. Harvey, and J. Williams ( AMNH St. Catherines Island Expedition): 1 ♀, 18.1 mm cl, allotype ( AMNH 17796); Sta. M5, sandbar offshore, North Beach, St. Catherines Island, Nov. 4, 1998, coll. C. B. Boyko ( AMNH St. Catherines Island Expedition): 2 Ƌ, 10.8–15.5 mm cl, paratypes ( AMNH 17887); McIntosh Co.: Off sea buoy, Sapelo Island, 44 ft (= 13.3 m), June 6, 1963, coll. M. Gray: 1 Ƌ, 15.5 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 150671); eastsoutheast of sea buoy, Sapelo Island, 35 ft (= 10.6 m), Sept. 2, 1963, coll. M. Gray: 1 ♀, 12.0 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 150672); Florida: West coast of Florida, pre­Nov. 1901, coll. J. W. Velie: 3 Ƌ, 8.6–16.2 mm cl ( USNM 25186), 1 Ƌ, 12.9 mm cl ( BMNH 1976.436 ex USNM 25186); ‘‘ Florida,’’ coll. unknown: 1 oviger, 20.0 mm cl ( AMNH 159); Nassau Co.: Off Fernandina, 35 fms (= 64 m), April 1951, coll. R. Humes: 1 ♀, 19.9 mm cl, paratype ( RMNH 24842); GOS­ NOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1499, 30°40̍N, 81°14̍W, 16 m, May 22, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 Ƌ, 9.3 mm cl, paratype ( MCZ 19597); Duval Co.: 30°23̍N, 81°15̍W, 15 m, coll. Nov. 26, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 6B: 1 ♀, 14.7 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 174098); St. Johns Co.: GOSNOLD Cruise 2, Sta. 1509, 29°50̍N, 81°14̍W, 14 m, May 22, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 Ƌ, 7.2 mm cl, 1 ♀, 7.4 mm cl, paratypes ( MCZ 19599); Volusia Co. : Daytona, coll. N. S. Chamberlain: 1 Ƌ, 13.5 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 65837 ex Boston Soc. Nat. Hist.); Ponce de Leon Inlet, July 13, 1937, coll. J. R. Preer: 1 ♀, 19.2 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 79063); Brevard Co.: Indian River, northwest side of Sebastian Bridge, June 17, 1978, coll. E. Hillman: 1 Ƌ, 14.9 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089: 06083); Sebastian Inlet, April 13, 1972, coll. R. H. Gore: 1 Ƌ, 10.4 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:00250); Sta. 262/782, 27°49.8̍N, 80°07.2̍W, 29 m, Aug. 13, 1975, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 Ƌ, 8.7 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:02424); Sta. 346, 28°31.3̍N, 80°12.7̍W, 40 m, July 1, 1973, coll. R/V ‘‘Hernan Cortez’’: 1 ♀, 11.0 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:03167); St. Lucie Co.: North side, Dynamite Point, Ft. Pierce Inlet, March 18, 1972, coll. R.G.G: 1 Ƌ, 9.3 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:00052); west of Coon Island, Indian River, March 6, 1985, coll. Lee and Petry: 1 Ƌ, 10.9 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 221757); inlet on rocks by Dynamite Point, Ft. Pierce, June 14, 1972, coll. R. Gore: 1 Ƌ, 11.0 mm cl, paratype ( ANSP uncataloged); Hutchinson Island, Fort Pierce, June 18, 1992, coll. R. B. Manning: carapace fragments ( USNM 256928); Sta. 229/406, 27°22.3̍N, 80°14.5̍W, 8 m, April 16, 1974, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 ♀, 10.2 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:00893); Martin Co.: 27°08̍N, 80°06̍30̎W, 11 m, March 5, 1974, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 2 Ƌ, 8.7–11.9 mm cl, 2 ♀, 9.6–9.8 mm cl, 1 unsexable specimen, 8.8 mm cl ( USNM 170055); Jupiter Island, June 25, 1973, coll. MER, KE, DSK: 12 Ƌ, 8.1–15.3 mm cl, 4 ♀, 8.3–15.5 mm cl, paratypes ( HBOM 089:00521); Sta. 297, 27°08̍N, 80°06.6̍W, 15 m, March 5, 1974, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 unsexable specimen, 7.8 mm cl ( HBOM 089:02419); Sta. 407, 27°15.5̍N, 80°11.6̍W, 9.5 m, April 16, 1974, coll. R. H. Gore on R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 Ƌ, 5.0 mm cl ( HBOM 089:02421); Sta. 809, 27°30.1̍N, 80°01.6̍W, 12.6 m, Jan. 27, 1977, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 Ƌ, 8.4 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:03168); Sta. 222/266A, 27°09.2̍N, 80°01.2̍W, 29 m, Feb. 26, 1974, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 ♀, 10.9 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:00973); Sta. 237/500, 26°56.6̍N, 80°03̍W, 9 m, June 10, 1974, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 Ƌ, 12.2 mm cl, paratype ( HBOM 089:02418); Sta. 223/292, 27°10.8̍N, 80°06.8̍W, 13 m, March 4, 1974, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 2 ♀, 7.7–8.8 mm cl, 1 unsexable specimen, 10.0 mm cl ( HBOM 089:02420); Sta. 223/300, 27°03.8̍N, 80°02.2̍W, 19 m, March 5, 1974, coll. R/V ‘‘Gosnold’’: 1 Ƌ, 10.0 mm cl, 1 unsexable anterior half carapace ( HBOM 089:02422); Palm Beach Co.: Off Palm Beach, 15 fms (= 27.4 m), Feb. 1950, coll. McGinty: 1 ♀, 6.1 mm cl ( USNM 260816); Collier Co.: Marco, May 1884, coll. H. Hemphill: 1 Ƌ, 11.6 mm cl, 1 ♀, 16.0 mm cl ( USNM 6988); Marco Beach, Sept. 12, 1960, coll. L. B. Holthuis on ‘‘Donna’’: 1 ♀, 11.4 mm cl, paratype ( RMNH 15897); Lee Co.: Captiva Key, 1859, coll. G. Wurdemann: 1 ♀, 14.9 mm cl, paratype ( MCZ 846); Sarasota Co. : Sarasota Bay, coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 7.9 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 42198 ex Union College Collection); Hillsborough Co.: Egmont Key, 1868?, coll. W. T. Coons: 1 ♀, 11.3 mm cl, paratype ( YPM 993); Franklin Co.: Alligator Point, Jan. 10, 1966, coll. J. Rudloe: 1 ♀, 15.4 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 119330); Alligator Point, Nov. 25, 1968, coll. J. Rudloe: 1 ♀, 16.7 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 125573); Alligator Point, Nov. 8, 1969, coll. J. Rudloe: 1 Ƌ, 11.2 mm cl ( USNM 260817); Okaloosa Co.: 3 mi south of Destin, Oct. 24, 1979, coll. J. Martin on R/V ‘‘ Oregon II’’: 1 Ƌ, 15.6 mm cl ( USLZ 969); Escambia Co. : Pensacola, coll. J. E. Benedict: 1 Ƌ, 11.9 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 29007); Alabama: Mobile Co.: 30°08̍33̎N, 88°06̍27̎W, 14 m, Jan. 20, 1980, coll. Interstate Electronics Corporation: 1 unsexable unmeasurable specimen ( USNM 260821); 30°09̍18̎N, 88°06̍36̎W, 13 m, Jan. 19, 1980, coll. Interstate Electronics Corporation: 1 Ƌ, 5.9 mm cl ( USNM 260822); 30°09̍32.5̎N, 88°04̍32.4̎W, 8 m, Jan. 19, 1980, coll. Interstate Electronics Corporation: fragments ( USNM 260823); Louisiana: Lafourche Parish: 29°02̍52̎N, 90°09̍46̎W, 500 m north of platform, Bay Marchand Lease Area, 14 m, Aug. 30, 1978, coll. SWRI For BLM: 1 juvenile, 1.9 mm cl ( USNM 186673); Sta. 14927, 28°41̍N, 90°27̍W, south of Timbalier Island, June 7, 1974, coll. T. C. Shirley on R/V ‘‘ Oregon II’’: 1 Ƌ, 10.2 mm cl ( USLZ 2024); Terrebonne Parish: Sta. OEI14, 28°47̍54̎N, 90°28̍30̎W, 19.8 m, July 13, 1973, coll. Gulf Coast Research Laboratory: 1 megalopa, 3.2 mm cl ( USNM 260974); 28°51̍34̎N, 91°07̍52̎W, 500 m north of platform, Ship Shoal Lease Area, 5 m, Sept. 21, 1978, coll. SWRI for BLM: 1 juvenile, 2.7 mm cl ( USNM 186674); Vermilion Parish: Trinity Shoal, 29°13̍N, 92°11̍W, June 28, 1968, coll. unknown: 1 juvenile, 3.1 mm cl ( USLZ 40); Cameron Parish: 29°30̍N, 93°27̍W, south of Cameron, Aug. 5, 1981, coll. D. L. Felder et al.: 1 unsexable specimen, 13.3 mm cl ( USLZ 2023); Texas: Jefferson Co.: Heald Banks, Sabine, Oct. 18, 1953, coll. W. G. Hewatt: 1 Ƌ, 5.1 mm cl, 1 ♀, 5.3 mm cl, paratypes ( USNM 97661); Heald Banks, Sabine, Oct. 18, 1953, coll. W. G. Hewatt: 1 Ƌ, 6.4 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 97662); Heald Banks, Sabine, Oct. 1953, coll. W. G. Hewatt: 1 ♀, 6.8 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 97663); Galveston Co.: Sta. 10, off Galveston Beach, 2 fms (= 3.7 m), Sept. 24, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 ♀, 3.9 mm cl (A&M 2– 1573(A)); Sta. 6, off Galveston Beach, 6 fms (= 11.0 m), Oct. 23, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 2.4 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(B)); Sta. 3, off Galveston Beach, 4 fms (= 7.3 m), Aug. 4, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 2.6 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(C)); Sta. 7, off Galveston Beach, 5 fms (= 9.1 m), Aug. 21, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 2.2 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(D)); Sta. 2, off Galveston Beach, 3 fms (= 5.5 m), Sept. 24, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 2.8 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(E)); Sta. 6, off Galveston Beach, 6 fms (= 11.0 m), Sept. 24, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 3.0 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(F)); Sta. 3, off Galveston Beach, 4 fms (= 7.3 m), Aug. 4, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 2.4 mm cl (A&M 2– 1573(G)); Sta. 7, off Galveston Beach, 5 fms (= 9.1 m), Oct. 23, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 3 megalopae, 2.1–2.7 mm cl (A&M 2– 1573(H)); Sta. 3, off Galveston Beach, 4 fms (= 7.3 m), Oct. 17, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 3.2 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(I)); Sta. 4, off Galveston Beach, 5 fms (= 9.1 m), Aug. 4, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 2 megalopae, 2.1–2.5 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(J)); Sta. 9, off Galveston Beach, 3 fms (= 5.5 m), Oct. 23, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 Ƌ, 3.4 mm cl, 2 first stage crabs, 2.4 –2.5 mm cl (A&M 2– 1573(K)); Sta. 7, off Galveston Beach, 5 fms (= 9.1 m), Sept. 24, 1968, coll. D. Harper: 1 megalopa, 2.2 mm cl (A&M 2–1573(L)); Sta. 65A3–8, 3 mi off Galveston Habor, 10 m, March 12, 1965, coll. W. E. Pequegnat on ‘‘Alaminos’’: 1 ♀, 6.0 mm cl (A&M 2– 6794); Galveston, June–July, 1932, coll. Liberty Fish and Oyster Co.: 1 ♀, 13.8 mm cl, paratype ( YPM 21132); Brazoria Co. : San Bernard River, east of San Bernard Refuge, Sept. 10, 1969, coll. Nesbitt: 1 ♀, 12.6 mm cl (A&M uncataloged); Matagorda Co.: Alligator Head, Matagorda Bay, coll. J. D. Mitchell: 1 ♀, 17.2 mm cl, 1 ♀, unmeasurable ( USNM 22814); Calhoun Co.: Near Pass Cavallo, coll. J. D. Mitchell: 1 Ƌ, 14.1 mm cl ( USNM 18902); Aransas Co.: Aransas Pass, Corpus Christi Bay, Nov. 20, 1936, coll. K.H.M.: 1 ♀, 17.5 mm cl ( USNM 260818); Nueces Co.: Corpus Christi, Dec. 5, 1934, coll. Texas College of Arts and Industries: 1 Ƌ, 14.0 mm cl, paratype ( USNM 77385); Kenedy Co.: Sta. 19, 26°49.9̍N, 97°19.8̍W, 5 fms (= 9.1 m), Oct. 11, 1988, coll. Ferrell: 2 Ƌ, 6.2–8.4 mm cl (A&M uncataloged); Sta. 33, 26°39.1̍N, 97°15̍W, 14 m, Oct. 12, 1988, coll. Ferrell: 1 Ƌ, 7.8 mm cl (A&M uncataloged).

Limited Data: ‘‘ Florida or West Indies,’’ coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 11.3 mm cl ( AMNH 249).

Questionable Data: ‘‘West Indies,’’ coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 16.0 mm cl (YPM 2701).

No Data: [? Florida], 4 ♀, 15.5–18.3 mm cl (USNM 260820).

DIAGNOSIS: Carapace wider than long, covered with lightly setose grooves. Anterior margin with 8–10 spines on either side of ocular sinus. Setal field with narrow lateral elements and concave anterior margin. CG1 with separate posterior lateral elements; CG4 with one long, anteriorly displaced, and two short, posteriorly displaced, medial elements between longer supralateral elements of CG4; CG5 present as two triangular elements with two shorter straight elements located posteromedially; CG6 and CG7 separate; CG8 broken; CG11 present. Rostrum present, not reaching posterior margin of ocular plate. Ocular plate triangular. Distal peduncular segments dorsoventrally flattened and triangular in shape, tapering at tip, approximated along proximal half of mesial margins, lateral margins convex except slightly concave at tip, mesial margins sinuous. Cornea at tip. Dactylus of pereopod II with heel produced, tapered and acute. Dactylus of pereopod III with heel thin, projecting, acute. Dactylus of pereopod IV sinuous from base to tip, with subacute heel and deep indent. Telson of male broadly triangular, tip tapered and broadly rounded, thickly calcified medially, inflated dorsally, distal two­thirds with lateral decalcified region, median row of thin setae. Telson of female flattened, ovate, and evenly calcified with slightly produced tip.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace (fig. 108A) slightly wider than long. Anterior margin slightly concave on either side of ocular sinus, becoming convex laterally, with 8–10 large spines (n = 6) along length. Rostrum as small acute tooth, not reaching proximal margin of ocular plate. Ocular sinus smoothly concave, with three or four small spinules. Frontal region smooth; setal field narrow anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior lateral el­ ements reduced to narrow bands of setae. CG1 parallel to anterior margin of carapace, sinuous, strongly crenulate, divided into medial fragment and curved, posteriorly displaced lateral elements. Mesogastric region smooth; CG2 present as one or two short me­ dial elements; CG3 broken into 6–11 short elements between posterior lateral elements of CG1; CG4 with one long, anteriorly displaced, and two short, posteriorly displaced, medial elements between longer supralateral elements of CG4. Hepatic region smooth with oblique setose groove at median of lateral margin. Epibranchial region generally triangular, smooth; posterolateral margin without rows of setae. Metagastric region smooth; CG5 present as two triangular elements with two shorter straight elements located posteromedially. CG6 strongly crenulate, strongly anteriorly concave medially and sloping out to anteriorly convex lateral thirds. CG7 oblique, not reaching lateral margins of median segment of CG6. Cardiac region smooth; CG8 present as one to four short medial and two long lateral elements; median element displaced slightly anteriorly. CG9 present as two short lateral grooves with gap at midline. CG10 present as one or two long elements. CG11 present as long medial element. Post­CG11 element absent. Branchial region with numerous short, transverse rows of setae. Posterior margin deeply and evenly convex, with submarginal groove reaching two­thirds up margin of posterior concavity. Branchiostegite with strong anterior submarginal spine; anterior region with scattered short, transverse lines ventral to linea anomurica; with many short rows of setae and sparsely covered with long plumose setae ventrally; posterior region membranous, with numerous irregular fragments and sparsely covered with long plumose setae.

Ocular plate (fig. 108B) triangular with deep median indentation; median peduncular segments present as small ovate, calcified areas lateral to ocular plate. Distal peduncular segments elongate, subtriangular, 0.15–0.23 length of carapace, with convex lateral and straight margins, cornea covering distal tip; lateral margins with notch one­third distal from base; mesial margins approximated at base; mesial and lateral margins with long plumose setae; tuft of plumose setae at proximolateral dorsal and ventral angles, ventromedial row of plumose setae extending from tuft to base of cornea.

Antennule (fig. 108C) with segment III narrow proximally, expanding distally to twice proximal width; with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and sparsely scattered on lateral surface; dorsal exopodal flagellum with 94–132 articles (n = 6), long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; ventral endopodal flagellum short with two or three articles (n = 6) and plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment II medially inflated in dorsal view, with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on ventrolateral third of surface. Segment I wider than long, unarmed; lateral surface dorsal third rugose with long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins.

Antenna (fig. 108D) with segment V approximately two times longer than wide, with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on lateral surface; flagellum with seven articles (n = 6), long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins. Segment IV expanded distally, with long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins, and row of setae on dorsolateral surface. Segment III with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margin and in short row on surface. Segment II short, widening distally, rugose, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface; antennal acicle long, thin, and exceeding distal margin of segment IV by one­fourth length of segment IV, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Segment I rounded proximally, flattened ventrolaterally, with long plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface rugae behind spine; lateral surface with acute spine dorsodistally, with low semicircular dorsolateral lobe ventrodistal to spine; segment with ventromesial antennal gland pore.

Mandible (fig. 108E) incisor process with two teeth; cutting edge smooth. Palp threesegmented, with plumose setae on margins and long, thick, simple setae arising from bend in second segment and on distal margin of terminal segment.

Maxillule (fig. 108F) distal endite proximally narrow, widening to inflated distal end, with thick simple setae on distal margin and thin simple setae on dorsal margin. Proximal endite with thick simple setae on distal margin. Endopodal external lobe truncate distally and curled under; internal lobe reduced with two thick setae at distolateral margin.

Maxilla (fig. 108G) exopod evenly round­ ed, with plumose setae along distal margin. Scaphognathite bluntly angled on posterior lobe, with plumose setae.

Maxilliped I (fig. 108H) epipod with plumose setae on margins, distolateral surface, and mesial surface. Endite tapered distally and subequal to first segment of exopod. Exopod with two segments; proximal segment narrow, parallel margins with plumose setae; distal segment spatulate, longer than wide, broadest medially, margins and mesioventral surface with long plumose setae. Endopod flattened and elongate, reaching two­thirds to distal end of proximal exopodal segment; plumose setae on margins and median of lateral surface.

Maxilliped II (fig. 108I) dactylus evenly rounded, length slightly greater than width, with thick simple setae distally and on distolateral surface. Propodus 1.5 times wider than long, slightly produced at dorsodistal angle, with plumose setae on dorsal margin, patch of long simple setae on lateral surface and ventrolateral angle. Carpus not produced dorsodistally, approximately two times longer than wide, long simple setae on dorsal margin. Merus approximately three times longer than wide, margins parallel; with simple and plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused with plumose setae on margins. Exopod one­third longer than merus, flagellum with one elongate article, approximately as long as carpus.

Maxilliped III (fig. 108J) dactylus with rounded tip; long plumose setae on margins and lateral surface. Propodus dorsolaterally inflated, with longitudinal median row of plumose setae on lateral surface; margins with plumose setae. Carpus produced onto propodus almost one­fourth length of propodus; lateral surface with two rows of plumose setae on surface, plumose setae on margins. Merus inflated, unarmed, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with weak crista dentata of three or four teeth. Exopod two­segmented: proximal segment small; distal segment styliform, tapering, approximately one­third length of merus; with plumose setae on margins; without flagellum.

Pereopod I (fig. 109A) dactylus curved and tapering; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth; dorsal margin with long plumose and short simple setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Propodal lateral surface with numerous short, transverse rows of se­ tose rugae; dorsal margin unarmed; ventral margin distally produced into acute spine; cutting edge lacking teeth, lined with long plumose setae; dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short simple setae. Carpus with dorsodistal angle produced into strong corneous­tipped spine; dorsal margin with short transverse grooves behind spine; dorsal and distal margins with long plumose setae; lateral surface with small distal rugose area and few transverse setose ridges on distal half of surface; mesial surface smooth, with medial transverse row of setae, margins with long plumose setae. Merus unarmed; lateral surface with scattered transverse rows of long plumose setae, margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface with few scattered setae; fully calcified. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod II (fig. 109B) dactylus smooth; base to heel concave, heel produced and acute, heel to tip with narrow, acute indent, tip acute, tip to base broadly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, several widely spaced submarginal tufts of short setae dorsodistally; mesial surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae, with patch of long plumose setae at base. Propodal dorsal surface smooth, with ventral margin inflated and rounded; oblique row of long plumose setae on distal margin of lateral surface; distal and ventral margins with long plumose setae; dorsolateral surface as narrow, oblique, flattened shelf, with short setae on dorsal margin and long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with elevated, curved, setose ridge from ventral junction with dactylus almost to ventral proximal junction with carpus. Carpus strongly produced and rounded dorsodistally, dorsal margin smooth; lateral surface smooth, with small setose mat at tip of produced area and irregular, interrupted row of rugae and submarginal elevated ridge ventrally, rugae and ridge with long plumose setae; margins with short plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with row of long plumose setae distally and subdorsally. Merus with large median decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface, with few scattered long plumose setae on surface and margins; mesial surface nearly smooth, with two long rows of setae. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Both males and females coxa with spine on anterior margin.

Pereopod III (fig. 109C) dactylus with base to heel concave, heel acutely produced, heel to tip with broadly concave indent and small concave region at midpoint of proximal margin, tip acute, tip to base smoothly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, dorsodistal margin with tufts of short setae; ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple and plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with plumose setae proximally at junction with propodus. Propodus not inflated dorsoventrally; lateral surface smooth, with long plumose setae in oblique row, simple setae on dorsal margin; dorsolateral surface narrow, oblique, flattened, with setose mat; mesial surface smooth. Carpus produced dorsodistally, only slightly exceeding proximal margin of propodus; dorsolateral margin unarmed; lateral surface slightly rugose dorsodistally, with mat of short setae and two interrupted rows of setae ventrally; mesial surface smooth, with long plumose setae on distal margin and in oblique row on surface. Merus smooth, with large decalcified window covering nearly half of lateral surface medially; dorsal and ventral margins unarmed, with long plumose setae; distolateral margin with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Male coxa with spine on anterior margin; female coxa lacking spine. Female with large gonopore on anterior mesial margin of coxa, surround­ ed with short plumose setae; male without pore.

Pereopod IV (fig. 109D) dactylus with base to tip convex proximally, with strongly concave indent and almost straight from indent to tip, tip acute, tip to base concave distally to convex proximally; lateral surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with dorsal decalcified region, demarcated ventrally by longitudinal elevat­ ed ridge with row of short setae; with setose punctations ventral to decalcified window. Propodus expanded dorsally and ventrally; ventral expansion not reaching ventral margin of dactylus, margin with long plumose setae; dorsal expansion with row of long plumose setae dorsally, oblique area with mat of short simple setae; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth. Carpus slightly produced dorsodistally; ventral three­fourth of lateral surface and mesial surface smooth, dorsodistal quarter of lateral surface with mat of short setae; dorsal margin with short simple and long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae; mesial surface decalcified medially. Merus with scattered, short, transverse rows of setae on lateral surface, dorsal and ventrodistal margins with long plumose setae; proximoventral half of mesial surface with large decalcified window. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Abdomen (fig. 109E) with somite I length and width subequal, widest posteriorly; dorsal surface with anterior margin straight; posterior margin curved, with elevated submarginal row of short setae; small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment medi­ an. Somite II dorsal surface with submarginal transverse ridge anteriorly; with small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment median just anterior to submarginal ridge; pleura expanded and directed anterolaterally; lateral margins angled, anterior and lateral margins with long plumose setae, posterior margin with short setae; posteromesial angle with mat of short simple setae. Somite III similar to somite II, but narrower, shorter; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite II, directed anterolaterally, with setae as in somite II; anterolateral angle subacute; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally. Somite IV similar to somite III, but thinner and shorter; dorsal surface with few short setae anterolaterally; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite III, directed anterolaterally; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally; margins with long plumose setae. Somite V wider than somite IV; lateral margins with plumose setae; pleura absent. Somite VI slightly broader than somite V; dorsal surface with short transverse rows of setae laterad of midline; pleura absent.

Females with uniramous, paired pleopods on somites II–V; males without pleopods.

Telson of male (fig. 109F) broadly triangular, slightly longer than wide, with broadly rounded tip; thickly calcified medially, inflated dorsally; distal two­thirds with lateral decalcified region; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length, row of long simple setae of either side of median groove beginning at distal end and continuing almost to distal margin of telson; proximolateral angles with patch of long simple setae; margins with long simple setae. Telson of female (fig. 109G) flattened, ovate, and evenly calcified with slightly produced tip; median groove similar to male, setal row from midpoint of median groove to near distal margin of telson with simple setae approximately one­fourth length of those on

male; proximolateral angle with patch of setae, margins with long simple setae.

DISTRIBUTION: From Virginia south to Palm Beach Co., Florida, then from Collier Co., Florida, through the Gulf of Mexico to southern Texas, in up to 64 m depth. Apparently absent from the Florida Keys.

MAXIMUM SIZE: Males: 17.6 mm cl; females: 19.9 mm cl.

TYPE SPECIMENS: AMNH 17194 (holotype), AMNH 17796 (allotype), AMNH 17887 (2 paratypes), ANSP uncat. (paratype), HBOM 089:00052 (paratype), HBOM 089:00250 (paratype), HBOM 089:00521 (16 paratypes), HBOM 089:00893 (paratype), HBOM 089:00973 (paratype), HBOM 089:02418 (paratype), HBOM 089:02424 (paratype), HBOM 089:03167 (paratype), HBOM 089:03168 (paratype), HBOM 089: 06083 (paratype), MCZ 846 (paratype), MCZ 19596 (paratype), MCZ 19597 (paratype), MCZ 19598 (paratype), MCZ 19599 (2 paratypes), MCZ 19600 (paratype), MCZ 19601 (paratype), RMNH 14648 (paratype), RMNH 14649 (paratype), RMNH 15897 (paratype), RMNH 24842 (paratype), USNM 29007 (paratype), USNM 29008 (paratype), USNM 42198 (paratype), USNM 65837 (paratype), USNM 77385 (paratype), USNM 79063 (paratype), USNM 81025 (3 paratypes), USNM 81026 (3 paratypes), USNM 81027 (paratype), USNM 97661 (2 paratypes), USNM 97662 (paratype), USNM 97663 (paratype), USNM 119330 (paratype), USNM 125573 (paratype), USNM 150671 (paratype), USNM 150672 (paratype), USNM 174098 (paratype), USNM 174227 (paratype), USNM 221757 (paratype), USNM 260813 (paratype), YPM 993 (paratype), YPM 21132 (paratype), YPM 21134 (paratype), YPM 21135 (paratype), YPM 21136 (paratype), ZMUC 2710 (2 paratypes).

TYPE LOCALITY: North Beach, St. Catherines Island, Liberty Co., Georgia, USA.

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name of this taxon is given for two reasons. First, it is named after the Georgia barrier island, St. Catherines, which serves as the type locality for the species. This island was visited by the great American naturalist Thomas Say in the early 1800s, and it has been the site of seven years of personal field research on the biodiversity

of the local invertebrate fauna. Second, it is named after my niece, Catherine Elizabeth Boyko, whose detailed discussions of events and objects continue unabated until she is satisfied that they have been fully explained; an excellent quality should she someday choose the biological sciences as a profession.

REMARKS: Kurata (1970; as A. paretii ) described the zoeal stage I hatched from an ovigerous female. He also indicated that this species has a total of six zoeal stages, and described stages II–VI based on larvae from the Georgia plankton. Ovigerous females are known from North Carolina in May and June ( Williams, 1984). Williams’ (1984) remark that that A. gibbesii ‘‘is occasionally found on exposed sandy shoals, especially at times of extreme low tides’’ likely refers to A. catherinae , n. sp., as A. gibbesii is rarely found in shallow water.

This species was confused with A. paretii for many years, and is indeed a member of the ‘‘ paretii ­group’’ of species. However, A. catherinae , n. sp. actually is more closely related to A. steinitzi from the western Indian Ocean than to the Central and South American A. paretii .

Albunea catherinae , n. sp. is easily distinguished from A. paretii by its smaller distal peduncular segment/carapace length ratio, and by the shapes of the dactyli of pereopods III and IV. A plot of distal peduncular segment length against carapace length for 68 specimens of A. paretii (5.0– 27.4 mm cl) and 50 specimens of A. catherinae (6.8–22.1 mm cl) reveals that the two species have greatly differing distal peduncular segment/carapace length ratios, especially above 10 mm cl (fig. 110). Below that size, it is necessary to consider other factors, such as the shape of the dactyli of pereopods III and IV, in order to separate the species. Albunea catherinae , n. sp. can also be separated from A. elegans by the shapes of the dactyli of pereopods III and IV.

Albunea steinitzi Holthuis, 1958 Figures 111 , 112

Albunea symnista [sic]: Cano, 1889a: 95, 104. –

Cano, 1889b: 263 (not Albunea symmysta (Lin­

naeus, 1758)).

Albunea symmysta: Nobili, 1906: 142–143 *. –

Ramadan, 1936: 3 (list) (not Albunea symmysta ( Linnaeus, 1758)) .

Albunea steinitzi Holthuis, 1958: 42–44 , fig. 1*. – Lewinsohn, 1969: 175–177, 179, 185, 193*. – Tirmizi, 1978: 94, figs. 1–8. – Coêlho and Calado, 1987: 43, table 1. – Hogarth, 1988: 1103. – Fransen et al., 1997: 79 (list). – Calado, 1995: 66–68, pl. 4, fig. h, pl. 5, fig. g, pl. 19, figs. a–d, pl. 20, figs. a–d*. – Calado, 1997a: 17, 22. – Boyko and Harvey, 1999: 391, 400 (list), 401 (key)*. – Boyko, 1999: 145 (list).

not Albunea steinitzi: Serène and Umali, 1965: 97–102 , pl. 1, fig. 2, pl. 2, fig. 2, pl. 3, figs. 3– 5a, pl. 4, fig. 2, text­figs. 1b, c, 2b, c, 4a, b, 5c, 6c, c̍, 7a, 9b, c*. – Haig, 1974: 447 (list) (= Albunea groeningi , n. sp.).

not Albunea steinitzi: Thomassin, 1969: 143–146 , pl. 3, figs. 1–8, text­figs. 3c, 4 (? = Albunea

holthuisi Boyko and Harvey, 1999). MATERIAL EXAMINED: Pakistan: Open

sand beach, northwest of Karachi, April 3, 1986, coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 9.9 mm cl (USNM 304308).

Oman: 16 mi west of Muscat, 1973, coll. F. Luiner: 1 Ƌ, 7.1 mm cl, 1 ♀, 15.4 mm cl ( BMNH 1999.892–893).

Israel: Gulf of Aqabah, Eylath, Sept. 1952, coll. L. Fishelson and C. Lewinsohn: 1 ♀, 6.8 mm cl, holotype ( RMNH 11847).

Djibouti: ‘‘dans le Sables a Balanoglossus pres la jetre de la factorie Mesnier,’’ Obock, 1904, coll. C. Gravier: 3 Ƌ, 6.8–10.8 mm cl (MNHN­Hi 18).

Eritrea: Abiad Bay, Entedebir Island, Dahlak Archipelago, March 25, 1962, coll. C. Lewinsohn: 1 Ƌ, 10.8 mm cl ( ZMTAU E62/3614).

Tanzania: Dar es Salaam, coll. R. G. Hartnoll: 1 Ƌ, 7.9 mm cl ( BMNH 1973.628).

DIAGNOSIS: Carapace wider than long, covered with lightly setose grooves. Anterior margin with 11–13 spines on either side of ocular sinus. Setal field with narrow lateral elements and concave anterior margin. CG1 with separate posterior lateral elements; CG4 with no medial elements between longer supralateral elements of CG4; CG5 of two triangular elements; CG6 and CG7 separate; CG8 broken; CG11 absent. Rostrum present, not reaching posterior margin of ocular plate. Ocular plate triangular. Distal peduncular segments dorsoventrally flattened and triangular in shape, tapering at tip, approximated along mesial margins, lateral margins convex, mesial margins straight. Cornea at tip. Dactylus of pereopod II with heel produced, tapered, and acute. Dactylus of pereopod III with heel thin, projecting, acute. Dactylus of pereopod IV sinuous from base to tip, with slightly produced, rounded heel and shallow indent. Telson of male broadly triangular, tip broadly rounded and medially indented, thickly calcified medially, inflated dorsally, distal two­thirds with lateral decalcified region, median row of thin setae. Telson of female flattened, ovate, and evenly calcified with slightly indented tip.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace (fig. 111A) slightly wider than long. Anterior margin slightly concave on either side of ocular sinus, becoming convex laterally, with 11–13 large spines (n = 4) along length. Rostrum as small acute tooth, not reaching proximal margin of ocular plate. Ocular sinus smoothly concave, with one to four small spinules. Frontal region smooth; setal field narrow anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior lateral elements reduced to narrow bands of setae. CG1 parallel to anterior margin of carapace, sinuous, strongly crenulate, divided into medial fragment and curved, posteriorly displaced lateral elements. Mesogastric region smooth; CG2 present as two short medial elements; CG3 broken into six short elements between posterior lateral elements of CG1; CG4 with no medial elements between longer supralateral elements. Hepatic region smooth, with oblique setose groove at median of lateral margin. Epibranchial region generally triangular, smooth; posterolateral margin three or four short rows of setae. Metagastric region smooth; CG5 present as two triangular elements. CG6 strongly crenulate, strongly anteriorly concave medially and sloping out to anteriorly convex lateral thirds. CG7 oblique, not reaching lateral margins of median segment of CG6. Cardiac region smooth; CG8 present as two to four short medial and two long lateral elements; medial elements displaced slightly posteriorly. CG9 present as two short lateral grooves with gap at midline. CG10 present as two short lateral elements. CG11 present absent. Post­CG11 element absent. Branchial region with numerous short, transverse rows of setae in anterior half. Posterior margin deeply and evenly convex, with submarginal groove reaching two­thirds up margin of posterior concavity. Branchiostegite with strong anterior submarginal spine; anterior region with scattered short, transverse lines ventral to linea anomurica; with many short rows of setae and sparsely covered with long plumose setae ventrally; posterior region membranous, with numerous irregular fragments and sparsely covered with long plumose setae.

Ocular plate (fig. 111B) triangular with shallow median indentation; median peduncular segments present as small ovate calcified areas lateral to ocular plate. Distal peduncular segments elongate, subtriangular, with convex lateral and straight mesial margins, cornea covering distolateral tip; lateral margins with notch one­fourth distal from base; mesial margins approximated along entire length; mesial and lateral margins with short plumose setae; tuft of plumose setae at proximolateral dorsal and ventral angles, ventromedial row of plumose setae extending from tuft to base of cornea.

Antennule (fig. 111C) with segment III narrow proximally, expanding distally to two times proximal width; with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and sparsely scattered on lateral surface; dorsal exopodal flagellum with 94–112 articles (n = 4), long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; ventral endopodal flagellum short with two or three articles (n = 4) and plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment II medially inflated in dorsal view, with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on ventrolateral third of surface. Segment I wider than long, small spine on dorsomedial margin; dorsal third of lateral surface rugose, with long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins.

Antenna (fig. 111D) with segment V approximately two times longer than wide, with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on lateral surface; flagellum with seven articles (n = 4), long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal mar­ gins. Segment IV expanded distally, with long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins and row of setae on dorsolateral surface. Segment III with short plumose setae on dorsal margin and in short row on surface, long plumose setae on ventral margin. Segment II short, widening distally, rugose, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface; antennal acicle long, thin, and exceeding distal margin of segment IV by one­fourth length of segment IV, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Segment I rounded proximally, flattened ventrolaterally, with long plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface rugae behind spine; lateral surface with acute spine dorsodistally, with low semicircular dorsolateral lobe ventrodistal to spine; segment with ventromesial antennal gland pore.

Mandible (fig. 111E) incisor process with three teeth; cutting edge with one tooth. Palp three­segmented, with plumose setae on margins and long, thick, simple setae arising from bend in second segment and on distal margin of terminal segment.

Maxillule (fig. 111F) distal endite proximally narrow, widening to inflated distal end, with thick simple setae on distal margin and thin simple setae on dorsal margin. Proximal endite with thick simple setae on distal margin. Endopodal external lobe truncate distally and curled under; internal lobe reduced with two thick setae at distolateral margin.

Maxilla (fig. 111G) exopod evenly round­ ed, with plumose setae along distal margin. Scaphognathite bluntly angled on posterior lobe, with plumose setae.

Maxilliped I (fig. 111H) epipod with plumose setae on margins, distolateral surface, and mesial surface. Endite tapered distally and subequal to first segment of exopod. Exopod with two segments; proximal segment narrow, parallel margins with plumose setae; distal segment spatulate, longer than wide, broadest medially, margins and mesioventral surface with long plumose setae. Endopod flattened and elongate, reaching two­thirds to distal end of proximal exopodal segment; plumose setae on margins and median of lateral surface.

Maxilliped II (fig. 111I) dactylus evenly rounded, length slightly greater than width, with thick simple setae distally and on dis­ tolateral surface. Propodus 1.5 times wider than long, slightly produced at dorsodistal angle, with plumose setae on dorsal margin and patch of long simple setae on lateral surface and ventrolateral angle. Carpus not produced dorsodistally, approximately two times longer than wide, long simple setae on dorsal and distal margins. Merus approximately three times longer than wide, margins parallel; with simple and plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with plumose setae on margins. Exopod one­third longer than merus, flagellum with one elongate article, approximately as long as carpus.

Maxilliped III (fig. 111J) dactylus with rounded tip; long plumose setae on margins and lateral surface. Propodus dorsolaterally inflated, with longitudinal median row of plumose setae on lateral surface; margins with plumose setae. Carpus produced onto propodus almost one­fourth length of propodus; lateral surface with two rows and few small patches of plumose setae on surface; plumose setae on margins and in thick patch at dorsodistal tip. Merus inflated, unarmed, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on mediolateral surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with weak crista dentata of one or two teeth. Exopod two­segmented; proximal segment small; distal segment styliform, tapering, approximately one­third length of merus; with plumose setae on margins; without flagellum.

Pereopod I (fig. 112A) dactylus curved and tapering; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth; dorsal margin with long plumose and short simple setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Propodal lateral surface with numerous short, transverse rows of setose rugae; dorsal margin unarmed; ventral margin distally produced into acute spine; cutting edge lacking teeth, lined with long plumose setae; dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short simple setae. Carpus with dorsodistal angle produced into strong corneous­tipped spine; dorsal margin with short transverse grooves behind spine; dorsal and distal margins with long plumose setae; lateral surface with small distal rugose area, few transverse setose ridges on distal half of surface; mesial surface smooth, with medial transverse row of setae, margins with long plumose setae. Merus unarmed; lateral surface with scattered transverse rows of long plumose setae, margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface with few scattered setae; fully calcified. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod II (fig. 112B) dactylus smooth; base to heel concave, heel produced and subacute, heel to tip with narrow, acute indent, tip subacute, tip to base broadly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, several widely spaced submarginal tufts of short setae dorsodistally; mesial surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae and patch of long plumose setae at base. Propodal dorsal surface smooth, with ventral margin inflated and rounded; oblique row of long plumose setae on distal margin of lateral surface; distal and ventral margins with long plumose setae; dorsolateral surface as narrow, oblique, flattened shelf, with short setae on dorsal margin and long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with elevated, curved, setose ridge from ventral junction with dactylus almost to ventral proximal junction with carpus. Carpus strongly produced and rounded dorsodistally, dorsal margin smooth; lateral surface smooth, with minute setose mat at tip of produced area and irregular, interrupted row of rugae and submarginal elevated ridge ventrally, rugae and ridge with long plumose setae; margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with row of long plumose setae distally and subdorsally. Merus with large median decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface, with long plumose setae on distodorsal and ventral margins; mesial surface nearly smooth, with two long rows of setae. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Both males and females coxa with spine on anterior margin.

Pereopod III (fig. 112C) with dactylus with base to heel concave, heel acutely produced, heel to tip with broadly concave indent and small concave region at midpoint of proximal margin, tip acute, tip to base smoothly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in gen­ erally straight line across medioproximal surface, dorsodistal margin with tufts of short setae; ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple and plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with plumose setae proximally at junction with propodus. Propodus not inflated dorsoventrally; lateral surface smooth, with long plumose setae in oblique row on surface on ventral mar­ gin, simple setae on dorsal margin; dorsolateral surface narrow, oblique, flattened; mesial surface smooth. Carpus produced dorsodistally and pointed but not acute, exceeding proximal margin of propodus by one­half length of propodus; dorsolateral margin unarmed; lateral surface slightly rugose dorsodistally, with mat of short setae and two interrupted rows of setae ventrally; mesial surface smooth, with long plumose setae on distal margin and in oblique medial row on distal half of surface. Merus smooth, with large decalcified window covering nearly half of lateral surface medially; distodorsal and ventral margins unarmed, with long plumose setae; few long setae on proximal lateral surface; mesial surface smooth. Basisischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Male coxa with spine on anterior margin; female coxa lacking spine. Female with large gonopore on anterior mesial margin of coxa, surrounded with short plumose setae; male with smaller pore.

Pereopod IV (fig. 112D) dactylus with base to tip convex proximally, with shallow concave indent and almost straight from indent to tip, tip acute, tip to base concave distally to convex proximally; lateral surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with dorsal decalcified region, demarcated ventrally by longitudinal elevat­ ed ridge with row of short setae; with setose punctations ventral to decalcified window. Propodus expanded dorsally and ventrally; ventral expansion reaching ventral margin of dactylus, margin with long plumose setae; dorsal expansion with row of long plumose setae dorsally, oblique area with mat of short simple setae; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth. Carpus slightly produced dorsodistally; ventral three­fourth of lateral surface and mesial surface smooth, dorsodistal quarter of lateral surface with mat of short setae; dorsal margin with short simple and long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae; mesial surface decalcified medially. Merus lateral surface with scattered short transverse rows of setae, dorsal and proximoventral margins with long plumose setae; proximoventral half of mesial surface with large decalcified window. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Abdomen (fig. 112E) with somite I wider than long, widest posteriorly; dorsal surface with anterior margin straight; posterior margin curved, with elevated submarginal row of short setae; small transverse, decalcified windows laterad of segment median. Somite II dorsal surface with submarginal transverse ridge anteriorly; with small transverse, de­ calcified windows laterad of segment median just anterior to submarginal ridge; pleura expanded and directed anterolaterally; anterolateral margins angled, posterolateral margins rounded, anterior and lateral margins with long plumose setae, posterior margin with short setae; posteromesial angle with mat of short simple setae. Somite III similar to somite II, but narrower, shorter; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite II, direct­ ed anterolaterally, with setae as in somite II; anterolateral angle subacute; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally with submarginal row of short setae. Somite IV similar to somite III, but thinner and shorter; dorsal surface with few short setae anterolaterally; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite III, directed posterolaterally; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally with submarginal row of short setae; margins with long plumose setae. Somite V wider than somite IV; lateral margins with short plumose setae; pleura absent. Somite VI slightly broader than somite V; dorsal surface with short transverse rows of setae laterad of midline; pleura absent.

Females with uniramous, paired pleopods on somites II–V; males without pleopods.

Telson of male (fig. 112F) broadly triangular, longer than wide, with broadly round­ ed, medially indented tip; thickly calcified medially, inflated dorsally; distal two­thirds with lateral decalcified region; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length, row of long simple setae of either side of median groove beginning at distal end and continuing almost to distal margin of calcified region; proximolateral angles with patch of long simple setae; margins with long simple setae. Telson of female (fig. 112G) flattened, ovate, and evenly calcified with subquadrate and medially indented tip; median groove similar to male, setal row from midpoint of median groove to one­fourth proximal to tip; simple setae approximately onefourth length of those on male; proximolateral angle with patch of short simple setae, margins with long simple setae.

DISTRIBUTION: From Pakistan into the Red Sea and southward to Tanzania; depth range unknown.

MAXIMUM SIZE: Males: 10.8 mm cl; females: 15.4 mm cl.

TYPE SPECIMENS: RMNH 11847 (holotype); the repository of the paratype is unknown.

TYPE LOCALITY: Eylath, Israel.

REMARKS: Thomassin’s (1969: text­fig. 13) distribution map for this species is highly inaccurate, as he had no material of A. steinitzi from Madagascar, and the species apparently does not occur east of India. Tirmizi (1978) reported eggs still attached to a ‘‘molt’’ of this species, but ovigers are otherwise unknown.

This species is a member of the ‘‘ paretii ­ group’’ of species and is closely related to A. catherinae , n. sp.

Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859 Figures 113 , 114

Albunaea [sic] Gibbesi Stimpson, 1858: 230 (nomen nudum).

Albunaea [sic] Gibbesii Stimpson, 1859: 78 , pl. 1, fig. 6.

Albunea gibbesii: Miers, 1878: 329 .— Benedict, 1904: 624–625, figs. 3, 4*. – Schmitt, 1935: 208–209, fig. 69*. – Gordon, 1938: 187, figs. 3e, 4b*. – Williams, 1965: 136–137, fig. 112*. – J. E. Randall, 1967: 723, 751. – Coêlho and Ramos, 1972: 176. – Young, 1978: 177. – Kaestner, 1980: 336. – Rodriguez, 1980: 239 (list). – Wenner and Read, 1982: 187. – Williams, 1984: 248–249, fig. 182*. – Calado, 1987: 96– 105, pls. 6–8. – Coêlho and Calado, 1987: 42– 43, table 1. – Manning, 1988: 626–627 (list). – Ruppert and Fox, 1988: 251, 404 (list). – Williams et al., 1989: 35. – Calado et al., 1990: 747, fig. 2c, d. – Calado, 1995: 32–35, pl. 4, fig. b, pl. 5, fig. b, pl. 7, figs. a–h, pl. 8, figs. a, b. – Calado, 1997a: 17. – Calado, 1998: 407.

Albunea gibbesi [sic]: Ortmann, 1896: 225 (list). – Ortmann, 1901: 1275. – Boschi, 1981: 715.

Albunea guerinii: Stebbing, 1914: 281 (not Albunea guerinii Lucas, 1853 = A. carabus ( Linnaeus, 1758)) .

Albunea carabus: Chace, 1966: 635 (not Albunea carabus ( Linnaeus, 1758)) .

Albunea sp. T. D. Cain, 1972: 80 .

Albunea gibbessi [sic]: Boschi, 1981: 740.

? Albunea gibbesii: Kurata, 1970: 183–184 , pl. 54.

not Albunea gibbesii: Benedict, 1901: 139 * (= Albunea paretii Guérin Méneville, 1853 ).

not Albunaea [sic] gibbesii: Arnold, 1901: 269 , pl. 61, fig. 2. (= Albunea catherinae , n. sp.).

not Albunea gibbesii: Hay and Shore, 1918: 414 , pl. 30, fig. 11. – Pearse et al., 1942: 185 * (= Albunea catherinae , n. sp.).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: Bermuda: Paget Beach, July 1901, coll. T. G. Gosling: 1 ♀, 22.2 mm cl ( MCZ 19594).

USA: North Carolina: GOSNOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1439, 34°58̍N, 76°00̍W, 18 m, May 18, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 Ƌ, 5.9 mm cl ( MCZ 19649) ; Sta. 2208, 34°35̍N, 76°11̍W, 18 fms (= 32.9 m), July 24, 1960, coll. R/V ‘‘ Silver Bay’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 21.8 mm cl, 1 ♀, 22.0 mm cl ( USNM 260808 ) ; Sta. 2615, off Cape Fear , 33°45̍N, 77°25̍W, Oct. 10, 1885, coll. ‘‘ Albatross’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 9.7 mm cl ( USNM 11265 ) ; 33°20̍N, 77°40̍W, 25 m, Feb. 11, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments: 1 unmeasurable Ƌ ( USNM 174234 ) ; 33°17̍N, 77°31̍W, 25 m, July 27, 1967, coll. I. E. Gray on R/V ‘‘ Eastward’ ’: 3 Ƌ, 7.3– 10.5 mm cl, 1 ♀, 19.1 mm cl, 1 unsexable specimen, 7. 1 mm cl, 1 unsexable, unmeasurable specimen ( USNM 267375 ) ; Sta. 5, S71–22, 34°05.4̍N, 77°01.5̍W to 34°06̍N, 77°01.5̍W, April 15, 1971, coll. C. L. Smith and CCNY Class: 1 ♀, 7.2 mm cl ( AMNH 18080 ) ; South Carolina: 31°27̍N, 79°46̍W, 64 m, Nov. 22, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments: 1 Ƌ, 10.1 mm cl ( USNM 174193 ) ; 31°34̍N, 80°03̍W, 38 m, Feb. 23, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 4C: 1 ♀, 17.7 mm cl ( USNM 174225 ) ; 32°01̍N, 79°31̍W, 46 m, Aug. 25, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments: carapace fragments ( USNM 174235 ) ; 31°40̍N, 80°16̍W’’, 26 m, Aug. 27, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 4D: 2 Ƌ, 15.4–17.7 mm cl ( USNM 174238 ) ; 32°40̍N, 78°47̍W, 37 m, May 13, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 2E: 1 Ƌ, 7.1 mm cl ( USNM 174239 ) ; 32°49̍30̎N, 78°39̍18̎W, 34 m, Nov. 3, 1981, coll. South Carolina Marine Research: 1 Ƌ, 18.9 mm cl ( USNM 221016 ) ; Sta. 1695, 33°57̍N, 77°01̍W, 19 fms (= 34.8 m), Feb. 29, 1960, coll. ‘‘ Silver Bay’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 17.0 mm cl ( USNM 267778 ) ; Blackfish Banks, off Charleston , March 1880, coll. R. E. Earll: 1 Ƌ, 20.4 mm cl ( USNM 4115 ) ; GOSNOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1480, 32°30̍N, 79°46̍W, 18 m, May 21, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 Ƌ, 23.4 mm cl ( MCZ 19646) ; ex Dasyatis centroura (Mitchill) , Sta. 3655, 32°43̍N, 78°34̍W, Dec. 14, 1961, coll. ‘‘ Silver Bay’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 15.7 mm cl, 3 ♀, 13.2–21.3 mm cl ( RMNH 26626 ) ; Georgia: GOSNOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1758, 32°00̍N, 79°45̍W, 30 m, June 16, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 ♀, 12.8 mm cl ( MCZ 19651) ; off sea buoy, Sapelo Island , 115 ft (= 34.8 m), May 6, 1963, coll. M. Gray: 1 ♀, 8.8 mm cl ( USNM 150669 ) ; off sea buoy, Sapelo Island , 31°03̍N, 80°28̍30̎W, 110 ft (= 33.3 m), June 12, 1963, coll. M. Gray: 1 Ƌ, 20.9 mm cl ( USNM 150670 ) ; 31°05̍N, 80°35̍W, 25 m, Nov. 24, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 5D: 1 Ƌ, 19.3 mm cl ( USNM 174222 ) ; 31°05̍N, 80°35̍W, 25 m, Aug. 30, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 5D: 1 ♀, 18.4 mm cl ( USNM 174229 ) ; 31°01̍N, 80°17̍W, 40 m, April 24, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments: 1 Ƌ, 17.3 mm cl ( USNM 174233 ) ; 31°05̍N, 80°35̍W, 25 m, Aug. 30, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 5D: 1 Ƌ, 17.0 mm cl ( USNM 174243 ) ; 31°01̍N, 80°17̍W, 40 m, Aug. 30, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments: 1 Ƌ, 15.8 mm cl ( USNM 174244 ) ; GOSNOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1754, 31°39̍N, 79°45̍W, 45 m, June 16, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 oviger, 21.4 mm cl ( MCZ 19647) ; Florida: ‘‘ Florida ,’’ July 1899, coll. Smiths: 1 Ƌ, 22.4 mm cl (MNHN­Hi 8 ex USNM) ; ‘‘ Florida ,’’ June 1859, G. Würdemann: 5 Ƌ, 15.8–22.6 mm cl ( MCZ 869 ) ; ‘‘ Florida ?,’’ 1 unsexable specimen, 23.7 mm cl ( USNM 5227 ) ; St. Johns Co.: 30°23̍N, 80°36̍W, 35 m, Sept. 1, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 6D: 1 Ƌ, 20.2 mm cl ( USNM 174336 ) ; GOSNOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1713, 30°11̍N, 80°15̍W, 73 m, June 13,1964, coll. NMFS: 1 ♀, 6.8 mm cl ( MCZ 19648) ; Flagler Co.: Sta. 201–1, 29°53.5̍N, 80°38̍W, 42 mi southeast of St. Augustine , 19 fms (= 34.8 m), March 27, 1940, coll. R/V ‘‘ Pelican’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 17.6 mm cl ( USNM 260807 ) ; Volusia Co. : 29°28̍N, 80°57̍W, 20 m, Nov. 27, 1977, coll. Texas Instruments 7B: 1 Ƌ, 21.7 mm cl ( USNM 174244 ) ; GOSNOLD 45, Vessel 03, Cruise 02, Sta. 1691, 29°20̍N, 80°29̍W, 33 m, June 12, 1964, coll. NMFS: 1 Ƌ, 15.3 mm cl ( MCZ 19650) ; Sta. 7409, 29°02̍N, 80°26̍W, 17 fms (= 31.1 m), Dec. 5, 1967, coll. R/V ‘‘ Oregon’ ’: 2 Ƌ, 18.4–24.8 mm cl ( USNM 260812 ) ; Brevard Co.: Sta. 19756, 28°11̍N, 80°13̍W, 35 m, March 26, 1976, coll. R/V ‘‘ Oregon II’’: 1 ♀, 10.6 mm cl ( HBOM 089 : 02890) ; Sta. 3358, 28°23̍N, 80°16̍W, 15 fms (= 27.4 m), Sept. 20, 1960, coll. R/V ‘‘ Silver Bay’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 21.2 mm cl ( USNM 260805 ) ; St. Lucie Co.: Capron Shoal, off Hutchinson Island , 6.1–12.2 m, May 24, 1988, coll. J. E. Miller and P. M. Mikkelsen: 1 Ƌ, 17.9 mm cl ( HBOM 089 :06469) ; Sta. 5099, 27°39.5̍N, 80°08̍W, 15 fms (= 27.4 m), Sept. 28, 1963, coll. R/V ‘‘ Silver Bay’ ’: 1 Ƌ, 24.1 mm cl ( USNM 260809 ) ; Sta. JV –1/038, 27°28̍36̎N, 80°28̍36̎W, 70 ft (= 21.2 m), Aug. 1, 1973, coll. R/V ‘‘ Joie de Vivre’ ’: 1 anterior half of carapace ( HBOM 089 : 00906) ; Broward Co.: Second reef off Sea Ranch Lakes Villas , July 6, 1970, coll. R. H. Gore: 2 Ƌ, 11.6–17.8 mm cl ( HBOM 089 : 01930) ; Monroe Co.: 25°45̍56̎N, 82°09̍21̎W, 20 m, Nov. 8, 1980, coll. Continental Shelf Associates: 1 Ƌ, 18.4 mm cl ( USNM 242663 ) ; 25°17̍22̎N, 82°09̍00̎W, 22.5 m, April 27, 1981, coll. Continental Shelf Associates: 1 ♀, 17.9 mm cl ( USNM 242662 ) ; 25°45̍56̎N, 82°09̍21̎W, 19.6 m, April 28, 1981, coll. Continental Shelf Associates: 1 ♀, 20.4 mm cl ( USNM 242661 ) ; back reef area with coarse sand bottom, 3 mi offshore of Rock Harbor between Rodriguez Key and Pickles Reef , Key Largo , 25°02̍N, 80°26̍W, 2 m, June 13, 1981, coll. H. Reichardt: 1 Ƌ, 17.9 mm cl ( HBOM 089 : 05105) ; Key West , May 1940, coll. J. R. Miller: 1 ♀, 19.6 mm cl ( MCZ 11934) ; Key West , 1885, coll. H. Hemphill: 5 Ƌ, 7.6–10.9 mm cl, 5 ♀, 7.3–10.6 mm cl ( USNM 14046 ) ; Key West , 1885, coll. H. Hemphill: 3 Ƌ, 9.0– 10.5 mm cl, 3 ♀, 8.2–20.8 mm cl ( USNM 14066 ), 1 ♀, 9.9 mm cl ( BMNH 1937.6 .1.2 ex USNM 14066 ) ; Key West , coll. unknown: 1 ♀, 9.9 mm cl ( RMNH 14645 ) ; Key West , coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 10.5 mm cl ( BMNH 1937.6 .1.1 ex USNM 15786 ) ; ex fish no. 69, Dry Tortugas, June 5, 1925, coll. W. L. Schmitt: 2 ♀, 8.0 – 9.3 mm cl ( USNM 65838 ) ; ex fish no. 70, Dry Tortugas, June 5, 1925, coll. W. L. Schmitt: 1 Ƌ, 8.5 mm cl, 1 ♀, 9.9 mm cl ( USNM 65839 ) ; off Port Everglades , 8.5 fms (= 15.5 m), April 23, 1940, coll. J. S. Schwengel: 1 Ƌ, 15.1 mm cl, 1 ♀, 13.2 mm cl ( ANSP 4438 ) ; Okaloosa Co.: Off Fort Walton , 14–15 fms (= 25.6–27.4 m), June 3–4, 1947, coll. F. Lyman: 1 Ƌ, 7.7 mm cl, 2 ♀, 7.7–11.3 mm cl, 1 oviger, 16.8 mm cl ( USNM 260810 ) ; off Camp Walton , Jan. 27, 1939, coll. L. A. Burry: 1 ♀, 24.1 mm cl ( USNM 260811 ) ; 25 mi south of Fort Walton , 19–22 fms (= 34.8–40.2 m), July 31, 1948, coll. L. A. Burry: 4 Ƌ, 6.0– 10.6 mm cl, 1 ♀, 13.1 mm cl ( AMNH 10247 ) ; 25 mi east­southeast of Destin , 13–14 fms (= 23.8– 25.6 m), July 30, 1948, coll. L. A. Burry: 1 Ƌ, 13.3 mm cl ( AMNH 10248 ) ; 5 mi east of Destin , 40–70 ft (= 12.1–21.2 m), Summer 1972 or 1973, coll. M. Jervey: 1 ♀, 7.9 mm cl ( USLZ 3590 ) ; Escambia Co. : Sta. 7814, off light, Pensacola , 12 fms (= 21.9 m), Jan. 18, 1913, coll. ‘‘ Fish Hawk’ ’: 3 Ƌ, 6.7–18.9 mm cl, 2 ♀, 6.3–12.5 mm cl ( USNM 65848 ) ; Pensacola , July 1893, coll. J. E. Benedict: 1 Ƌ, 19.9 mm cl ( USNM 17924 ) ; Pensacola , coll. S. Stearns: 1 Ƌ, 20.1 mm cl ( USNM 4614 ) ; Texas: Heald Banks ( Sabine ), Jefferson Co., coll. Magnolia Field Research Lab: 1 Ƌ, 17.2 mm cl ( USNM 97680 ) .

Mexico: Veracruz: Boca del Rio , Aug. 9, 1949, coll. B. W. Halstead: 1 Ƌ, 19.4 mm cl (LACM­AHF uncataloged) ; Campeche: Sta. C –425, 19°47.5̍N, 91°47.5̍W, 24 fms (= 43.9 m), Aug. 19, 1951, coll. R/V ‘‘Combat’’: 1 Ƌ, 20.6 mm cl ( USNM 260806 ) .

Dominican Republic: Barahona Bay, Santo Domingo, 1932–1933, coll. J. C. Armstrong: 1 juvenile, 4.3 mm cl ( AMNH 10364).

Puerto Rico: Salinas Cove from Don Luis Cayo, June 27, 1915, coll. R. C. Osburn: 1 oviger, 9.0 mm cl ( AMNH 2160).

Brazil: Cruise 58, Sta. BBC 1619 (17704), 01°24̍N, 47°13̍W’’, 35–36 fms (= 64.0– 65.8 m), May 13, 1975, coll. R/V ‘‘ Oregon II’’: 1 ♀, 11.4 mm cl ( USNM 260862 ) ; São Sebastião, São Paulo, coll. H. Luederwaldt: 2 Ƌ, 15.6–19.1 mm cl, 1 ♀, 15.0 mm cl ( USNM 104658 ), 1 Ƌ, 18.2 mm cl, 1 ♀, 20.5 mm cl ( RMNH 15260 ex USNM 104658 ), 2 ♀, 17.4–17.9 mm cl ( BMNH 1976.423 ex USNM 104658 ) .

Ascension Island (St. Helena): ‘‘deep water,’’ James Bay, 1973, coll. A. Flagg: 1 ♀, 10.1 mm cl ( USNM 151035).

DIAGNOSIS: Carapace wider than long, covered with strongly setose grooves. Anterior margin with 8–11 spines on either side of ocular sinus. Setal field with narrow lateral elements and straight anterior margin. CG1 with separate posterior lateral elements; CG4 with one or two short, anteriorly displaced medial elements between longer supralateral elements; CG5 present as two oblique triangular elements; CG6 and CG7 separate; CG8 complete; CG11 present. Rostrum present, overreaching posterior margin of ocular plate. Ocular plate triangular. Distal peduncular segments dorsoventrally flattened and triangular, tapering at tip, approximated along mesial margins, lateral margins convex, mesial margins straight. Cornea at tip. Dactylus of pereopod II with heel slightly produced, low and rounded. Dactylus of pereopod III with heel slightly projecting, rounded. Dactylus of pereopod IV sinuous from base to tip, with slight indent. Telson of male elongate, ovate, with strongly produced mucronate tip, dorsal surface with ovate, elevated, medial area and row of long thin setae. Telson of female flattened and ovate, tapered at tip, with longitudinal row of short, thin setae medially.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace (fig. 113A) wider than long. Anterior margin slightly concave on either side of ocular sinus, becoming convex laterally with seven to nine large and one or two small spines (n = 4) along length. Rostrum as small acute tooth, reaching and overlapping proximal margin of ocular plate. Ocular sinus smoothly concave with few low lateral tubercles in large specimens. Frontal region smooth; setal field narrow anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior lateral elements reduced to narrow bands of setae. CG1 parallel to anterior margin of carapace, sinuous, strongly crenulate, divided into medial fragment and curved, posteriorly displaced lateral elements. Mesogastric region smooth; CG2 present as two short medial elements; CG3 broken into five or six short elements between posterior lateral elements of CG1; CG4 with one or two short, anteriorly displaced medial elements between longer supralateral elements. Hepatic region smooth, with oblique setose groove at median of lateral margin. Epibranchial region generally triangular, smooth; posterolateral margin without rows of setae. Metagastric region smooth; CG5 present as two oblique triangular elements. CG6 strongly crenulate, strongly anteriorly concave medially and sloping out to anteriorly convex lateral thirds. CG7 oblique, not reaching lateral margins of median segment of CG6. Cardiac region smooth; CG8 present as one long medial element. CG9 present as two short lateral grooves with gap at midline. CG10 present as two curved lateral elements. CG11 present as two or three short elements. Post­CG11 element absent. Branchial region with numerous short, transverse rows of setae in anterior two­thirds. Posterior margin deeply and evenly convex, with submarginal groove reaching three­fourths up margin of posterior concavity. Branchiostegite with short anteri­ or submarginal spine; anterior region with scattered short, transverse lines ventral to linea anomurica; with many short rows of setae and sparsely covered with long plumose setae ventrally; posterior region membranous, with numerous irregular fragments and sparsely covered with long plumose setae.

Ocular plate (fig. 113B) triangular with acute median indentation; median peduncular segments present as small ovate, calcified areas lateral to ocular plate. Distal peduncular segments elongate, subtriangular, with convex lateral and straight mesial margins, cornea covering lateral portion of distal tip; lateral margins with notch one­third distal from base; mesial margins approximated along length; lateral and mesial margins with long plumose setae; tuft of plumose setae at proximolateral ventral angles and ventromedial oblique row of plumose setae extending from tuft to three­fourths length of segment.

Antennule (fig. 113C) with segment III narrow proximally, expanding distally to two times proximal width; with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and sparsely scattered on lateral surface; dorsal exopodal flagellum with 73–81 articles (n = 4), long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; ventral endopodal flagellum with two or three articles (n = 4), plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment II medially inflated in dorsal view, with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on ventrolateral third of surface. Segment I wider than long, unarmed; dorsal third of lateral surface rugose, with long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins.

Antenna (fig. 113D) with segment V approximately three times longer than wide, with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and scattered on lateral surface; flagellum with six to eight articles (n = 4), long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins. Segment IV expanded distally, with long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins, and scattered setae on dorsolateral surface. Segment III with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margin and in short row on surface. Segment II short, widening distally, rugose, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface; antennal acicle long, thin, and exceeding distal margin of segment IV by one­sixth length of segment IV, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Segment I rounded proximally, flattened ventrolaterally, with long plumose setae on margins and in short row on surface rugae behind spine; lateral surface with acute spine dorsodistally, with low semicircular dorsolateral lobe ventrodistal to spine; segment with ventromesial antennal gland pore.

Mandible (fig. 113E) incisor process with three teeth; cutting edge with one tooth. Palp three­segmented, with plumose setae on margins and long, thick, simple setae arising from bend in second segment and on distal margin of terminal segment.

Maxillule (fig. 113F) distal endite proximally narrow, widening to inflated distal end, with thick simple setae on distal margin and thin simple setae on dorsal margin. Proximal endite with thick simple setae on distal margin. Endopodal external lobe truncate distally and curled under; internal lobe reduced with two thick setae at distolateral margin.

Maxilla (fig. 113G) exopod evenly round­ ed, with plumose setae along distal margin and scattered on surface. Scaphognathite bluntly angled on posterior lobe, with plumose setae.

Maxilliped I (fig. 113H) epipod with plumose setae on margins, distolateral surface, and mesial surface. Endite tapered distally and subequal to first segment of exopod. Exopod with two segments; proximal segment narrow, parallel margins with plumose setae; distal segment spatulate, longer than wide, broadest medially, margins and mesioventral surface with long plumose setae. Endopod flattened and elongate, reaching two­thirds to distal end of proximal exopodal segment; plumose setae on margins and median of lateral surface.

Maxilliped II (fig. 113I) dactylus evenly rounded, length subequal to width, with thick simple setae distally and on distolateral surface. Propodus 1.5 times wider than long, slightly produced at dorsodistal angle, with plumose setae on dorsal margin and patch of long simple setae on dorsodistal and ventrodistal angles. Carpus not produced dorsodistally, approximately two times longer than wide; long simple setae on dorsal and distal margins. Merus approximately three times longer than wide, margins parallel; with simple and plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with plumose setae on margins. Exopod one­third longer than merus, flagellum with one elongate article, longer than carpus.

Maxilliped III (fig. 113J) dactylus oblong with rounded tip; long plumose setae on margins and lateral surface. Propodus dorsodistally inflated, with longitudinal median row of plumose setae on lateral surface; margins with plumose setae. Carpus produced onto propodus almost one­third length of propodus; lateral surface with two rows of plumose setae; plumose setae on margins. Merus inflated, unarmed, with plumose setae on margins and scattered in short rows on lateral surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with weak crista dentata of two or three teeth. Exopod two­segmented: proximal segment small; distal segment styliform, tapering, approximately one­third length of merus; with plumose setae on margins; without flagellum.

Pereopod I (fig. 114A) dactylus curved and tapering; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth; dorsal margin with long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Propodal lateral surface with numerous short, transverse rows of setose rugae; dorsal margin unarmed; ventral margin distally produced into acute spine; cutting edge lacking teeth, lined with long plumose setae; dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short simple setae. Carpus with dorsodistal angle produced into strong corneoustipped spine; dorsal margin with short transverse grooves behind spine; dorsal and distal margins with long plumose setae; lateral surface with small distal rugose area, with few transverse setose ridges on distal half of surface; mesial surface smooth, with medial transverse row of setae, margins with long plumose setae. Merus unarmed; lateral surface with scattered transverse rows of long plumose setae, dorsodistal margin with long plumose setae; mesial surface with few scat­ tered setae; fully calcified. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod II (fig. 114B) dactylus smooth; base to heel slightly concave, heel produced, broad and rounded, heel to tip with narrow, acute indent, tip acute, tip to base broadly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, several widely spaced submarginal tufts of short setae dorsodistally; mesial surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae, with patch of long plumose setae at base. Propodal dorsal surface smooth, with ventral margin inflated and rounded; oblique row of long plumose setae on distal margin of lateral surface; distal and ventral margins with long plumose setae; dorsolateral surface as narrow, oblique, flattened shelf, with short setae on dorsal margin and long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with elevated, curved setose ridge from ventral junction with dactylus almost to ventral proximal junction with carpus. Carpus produced and rounded dorsodistally, dorsomedial margin with low teeth; produced area smooth, lateral surface smooth, with irregular interrupted row of rugae and submarginal elevated ridge ventrally, rugae and ridge with long plumose setae; margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with row of long plumose setae distally and subdorsally. Merus with large median decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface, with long plumose setae on margins; mesial surface nearly smooth, with two long rows of setae. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa with one small acute anterior spine.

Pereopod III (fig. 114C) dactylus with base to heel slightly concave, heel low and rounded, heel to tip with broadly concave indent, tip acute, tip to base smoothly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, dorsodistal margin with tufts of short setae; ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple and plumose setae; mesial surface smooth with plumose setae proximally at junction with propodus. Propodus not inflated dorsoventrally; lateral surface smooth, with oblique row of long plumose setae, simple setae on dorsal margin, plumose setae on ventral margin; dorsolateral surface narrow, oblique, flattened, with long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface smooth. Carpus produced dorsodistally, exceeding proximal margin of propodus by one­third length of propodus; tip rounded, dorsolateral margin unarmed; lateral surface slightly rugose dorsodistally, with mat of short setae and two interrupted rows of setae ventrally; mesial surface smooth, with long plumose setae on distal margin and in oblique row on surface. Merus smooth, with large decalcified window covering nearly half of lateral surface medially; dorsal and ventral margins unarmed, with long plumose setae dorsodistally and ventrally; mesial surface smooth. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa with one small, acute, anterior spine. Female with large gonopore on medial mesial margin of coxa, surrounded with short plumose setae and opposing other coxa; male with minute pore.

Pereopod IV (fig. 114D) dactylus with base to tip convex proximally, with broadly rounded, strongly concave indent and almost straight from indent to tip, tip acute, tip to base concave distally to convex proximally; lateral surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with dorsal decalcified region, demarcated ventrally by longitudinal elevated ridge with row of short setae; with setose punctations ventral to decalcified window. Propodus expanded dorsally and ventrally; ventral expansion reaching ventral margin of dactylus, ventral margin with long plumose setae; dorsal expansion with row of long plumose setae dorsally, oblique area with mat of short simple setae; lateral surface smooth, mesial surface smooth, with distoventral area of few patches of long plumose setae. Carpus not produced dorsodistally; ventral five­sixths of lateral surface and mesial surface smooth, dorsodistal sixth of lateral surface with mat of short setae; dorsal margin with short simple and long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae; mesial surface decalcified medially. Merus with scattered, short, transverse rows of setae on lateral surface, dorsal and ventrodistal margins with long plumose setae; proximoventral half of mesial surface with large decalcified window. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Abdomen (fig. 114E) somite I width subequal to length, widest posteriorly; dorsal surface with anterior margin straight; posterior margin curved, with elevated submarginal row of short setae; small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment median. Somite II dorsal surface with irregular submarginal transverse ridge anteriorly; with small transverse decalcified windows laterad of segment median just anterior to submarginal ridge; pleura expanded and directed anterolaterally; anterolateral margins angled, anterior and lateral margins with long plumose setae, posterolateral angle rounded, posterior margin with short setae; posteromesial angle with mat of short simple setae. Somite III similar to somite II, but narrower, shorter; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite II, directed posterolaterally, with setae as in somite II; anterolateral angle subacute; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally, with submarginal row of short setae. Somite IV similar to somite III, but thinner and shorter; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite III, directed laterally; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally; margins with long plumose setae. Somite V wid­ er than somite IV, lateral margins with plumose setae; pleura absent. Somite VI slightly broader than somite V; dorsal surface with short transverse rows of setae laterad of midline and at posterior margin; pleura absent.

Females with uniramous, paired pleopods on somites II–V; males without pleopods.

Telson of immature male (fig. 114F) similar to female (see below) with even less concave distal margins and no produced tip. Telson of mature male (fig. 114G) elongate, oval, laterally produced, longer than wide, distal margin deeply concave on either side of strongly produced, decalcified, rounded tip; thickly calcified medially, inflated dorsally; distal two­thirds with lateral decalcified region; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length, dense row of long simple setae of either side of median groove beginning at median and continuing almost to distal margin of produced tip; proximolateral angles each with patch of long simple setae; margins with long simple setae becoming submarginal at point proximal to greatest width. Telson of female (fig. 114H) flattened, ovate, and evenly calcified, with slightly produced tip; median groove similar to male, setal row from midpoint of median groove to near distal margin of inflated region with sparse simple setae shorter than those of male; proximolateral angle with few short setae, margins with long simple setae.

DISTRIBUTION: From Bermuda and Cape Lookout, North Carolina, south through the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean to São Paulo, Brazil; also Ascension Island; in 2.0–90.0 m depth (T. D. Cain, 1972).

MAXIMUM SIZE: Males: 24.8 mm cl; females: 24.1 mm cl.

TYPE SPECIMENS: Stimpson’s (1859) type specimens were destroyed in the Great Chicago Fire. As this is a very distinctive species, no neotype is required.

TYPE LOCALITY: St. Augustine, Florida, USA.

REMARKS: Stimpson (1859) named this species after L. R. Gibbes and considered Gibbes’ (1850b) record of A. symnista [sic] to be A. gibbesii . Ironically, Gibbes’ (1850b) specimen ( ANSP 4101a) is actually one of A. paretii . Williams (1984) also incorrectly included Gibbes’ (1850b) record in the synonymy of A. gibbesii . Stimpson (1858) correctly formed the species name as ‘‘ Gibbesi,’’ but as he gave no description, that name is a nomen nudum. Stimpson’s (1859) later spelling of this taxon as ‘‘ gibbesii ’’ is the incorrect original spelling and must be used for this species, as he listed it twice by that spelling and there is therefore no evidence of a lapsus calami or printer’s error. Stimpson (1859) only illustrated the male telson of this species, but that was a distinctive enough structure to allow unambiguous identifications of this species by most subsequent authors.

The color of this species is light brown to orange­tan, with lighter carapace grooves, antennules with alternating light and dark flagellar articles (modified from Williams, 1984). Little is known about the biology of this species, outside of ovigerous females known from North Carolina in June ( Williams, 1984). It remains to be seen if the single zoea IV described from the plankton off Georgia by Kurata (1970) is actually this species or A. catherinae , n. sp. The larval development of A. gibbesii is otherwise unknown. Williams’ (1984) remark that this species ‘‘is occasionally found on exposed sandy shoals, especially at times of extreme low tides’’ more likely refers to A. catherinae , n. sp., as A. gibbesii is rarely found in shallow water. Given the depth (70–90 m), it is likely that the Albunea sp. cited by T. D. Cain (1972) is this species rather than the typically shallower water A. catherinae , n. sp. Albunea gibbesii is a known prey item of the reef fish Haemulon album (Cuvier and Valenciennes) and Trachinotus falcatus (Linnaeus) in the West Indies (J. E. Randall, 1967).

This is the first record of this species in Bermuda, where it co­occurs with A. paretii . The specimen from Ascension Island ( St. Helena) cited by Stebbing (1914) is conspecific with USNM 151035, as is evident from Stebbing’s description of the telson as ‘‘drawn out subacutely’’ and the dactylus of pereopod III being ‘‘without the narrow linear lobe’’ (= acute heel). Although it may appear surprising that the specimens from Ascension Island are conspecific with ones from the western Atlantic, this island contains many taxa also known from the West Indian Province of the Western Atlantic Region ( Briggs, 1974).

The drawings of this species given by Calado (1987) contain several errors in the pereopod II, female telson, antennal flagellae, and the carapace groove pattern ( Calado, 1987: figs. 6, 7a) bears no resemblance to the actual pattern (fig. 113A, herein). These illustrations were repeated by Calado (1995).

This distinctive species appears to be the sister taxon to A. thurstoni , but as only two apparently immature male A. thurstoni are known, no definitive statement can be made about their relationships.

Albunea thurstoni Henderson, 1893 Figures 115 , 116

Albunea Thurstoni Henderson, 1893: 338 , 409– 410, pl. 38, figs. 13–15*. – Nobili, 1906: 143. – Balss, 1916b: 2.

Albunea thurstoni: Ortmann, 1896: 224 (list). – Southwell, 1910: 183 *. – Ramadan, 1936: 3 (list). – Gordon, 1938: 187, fig. 3a, i, k*. – Holthuis, 1958: 43–44, fig. 2*. – Serène and Umali, 1965: 99–102, pl. 1, fig. 3, pl. 2, fig. 3, pl. 3, fig. 2, pl. 4, fig. 3, pl. 5, figs. 1, 1a, text­figs. 8, 9a. – Lewinsohn, 1969: 177, 179, 193. – Coêlho and Calado, 1987: 43, table 1. – Calado, 1995: 81–83, pl. 4, fig. j, pl. 5, fig. i, pl. 25, figs. a– e*. – Calado, 1997a: 17. – Boyko and Harvey, 1999: 400 (list), 401 (key). – Boyko, 1999: 145 (list).

? Albunea symmysta: Nurul Huda et al., 1989: 88– 89 (not Albunea symmysta ( Linnaeus, 1758)) .

not Albunea thurstoni: Thomassin, 1969 , 146– 149, pl. 4, figs. 1–8, text­figs. 3d, 5 (= Albunea speciosa Dana, 1852 ).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: Yemen: May–June 1977, coll. unknown: 1 ♀, 7.9 mm cl ( USLZ 2264).

Oman: Muscat, 10–15 fms (= 18.3–27.4 m), coll. unknown: 2 ♀, 5.4–8.1 mm cl ( BMNH 1901.4.20.11–12).

India: Cheval, Madras, coll. unknown: 1 Ƌ, 5.0 mm cl, 1 ♀, 6.8 mm cl, syntypes ( BMNH 1894.11.3.4–5).

Australia: Sta. Bone­NW Shelf–39, 19°07.19̍S, 120°30.22̍E, off Kimberley, Western Australia, 50 m, July 1, 1999, coll. Y. Bone: 1 immature? Ƌ, 6.0 mm cl ( MOV J47317 ).

Loyalty Islands: Sta. 1413, 20°55.3̍S, 167°05.0̍E, Baie du Santal, Lifou, 3 – 10 m, Nov. 18, 2000, coll. LIFOU 2000: 1 immature Ƌ: 6.5 mm cl (MNHN­Hi 263).

DIAGNOSIS: Carapace as long as wide, covered with strongly setose grooves. Anterior margin with 8–10 spines on either side of ocular sinus. Setal field with narrow lateral elements and concave anterior margin. CG1 with separate posterior lateral elements; CG4 with one or two long, anteriorly displaced, medial elements between longer supralateral elements; CG5 present as two convex, triangular elements; CG6 and CG7 separate; CG8 complete; CG11 present. Rostrum present, overreaching posterior margin of ocular plate. Ocular plate triangular. Distal peduncular segments dorsoventrally flattened and oblong in shape, tapering at tip, approximat­ ed along mesial margins, lateral margin convex, mesial margin straight. Cornea at tip. Dactylus of pereopod II with heel slightly produced, low, and rounded. Dactylus of pereopod III with heel slightly projecting, rounded. Dactylus of pereopod IV sinuous from base to tip, with slight indent. Telson of female flattened and ovate, longitudinal row of short, thin setae medially.

DESCRIPTION: Carapace (fig. 115A) approximately as long as wide. Anterior margin slightly concave on either side of ocular sinus, becoming convex laterally, with 8–10 large and small spines (n = 4) along length. Rostrum as small acute tooth, overreaching reaching proximal margin of ocular plate. Ocular sinus smoothly concave and unarmed. Frontal region smooth; setal field narrow anteriorly and posteriorly; posterior lateral elements reduced to narrow bands of setae. CG1 parallel to anterior margin of carapace, sinuous, strongly crenulate, divided into medial fragment and curved, posteriorly displaced lateral elements. Mesogastric region smooth; CG2 present as two short medial elements; CG3 broken into two or three short medial elements between posterior lateral elements of CG1; CG4 with one or two long, anteriorly displaced, medial elements between longer supralateral elements. Hepatic region smooth, with oblique setose groove at median of lateral margin. Epibranchial region generally triangular, smooth; posterolateral margin with two short rows of setae. Metagastric region smooth; CG5 present as two convex, triangular elements. CG6 strongly crenulate, strongly anteriorly concave medially, and sloping out to anteriorly convex lateral thirds. CG7 oblique, not reaching lateral margins of median segment of CG6. Cardiac region smooth; CG8 present as one long element. CG9 present as two short lateral grooves with gap at midline. CG10 present as two long curved lateral elements, with gap between fragments. CG11 present as long medial element. Post­CG11 element absent. Branchial region with numerous short, transverse rows of setae. Posterior margin deeply and evenly convex, with submarginal groove reaching five­sixths up margin of posterior concavity. Branchiostegite with short anterior submarginal spine; anterior region with scattered short, transverse lines ventral to linea anomurica; with many short rows of setae and sparsely covered with long plumose setae ventrally; posterior region membranous, with numerous irregular fragments and sparsely covered with long plumose setae.

Ocular plate (fig. 115B) triangular with shallow median indentation; median peduncular segments present as small ovate calcified areas lateral to ocular plate. Distal peduncular segments elongate, subtriangular, with slightly lateral and straight mesial margins, cornea covering distolateral tip; mesial margins approximated along length; mesial and lateral margins with short plumose setae; tuft of plumose setae at proximolateral ven­ tral angle and medial row of plumose setae extending from tuft to base of cornea.

Antennule (fig. 115C) with segment III narrow proximally, expanding distally to three times proximal width; with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; dorsal exopodal flagellum with 66 articles (n = 1), long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins; ventral endopodal flagellum with two articles (n = 4), plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment II medially inflated in dorsal view, with plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins and in sparse transverse medial row on lateral surface. Segment I as long as wide, with short acute spine on dorsal margin; dorsal third of lateral surface rugose, with long plumose setae; long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins.

Antenna (fig. 115D) with segment V approximately three times longer than wide, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin and distoventral angle; flagellum with seven articles (n = 4), long plumose setae on dorsal, ventral, and distal margins. Segment IV expanded distally, with long plumose setae on dorsal and ventral margins. Segment III with long plumose setae on ventral margin, short simple setae on dorsal margin. Segment II short, widening distally, rugose, with plumose setae on margins and scattered on lateral surface; antennal acicle long, thin, and reaching distal margin of segment IV, with long plumose setae on dorsal margin. Segment I rounded proximally, flattened ventrolaterally, with long plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface rugae behind spine; lateral surface with acute spine dorsodistally, with low semicircular dorsolateral lobe ventrodistal to spine; segment with ventromesial antennal gland pore.

Mandible, maxillule, maxilla, maxilliped I unknown.

Maxilliped II (fig. 115E) dactylus evenly rounded, length equal to width, with thick simple setae distally and on distolateral surface. Propodus two times wider than long, produced at dorsodistal angle, with plumose setae on dorsal margin and patch of long simple setae on dorsolateral and ventrolateral angles. Carpus not produced dorsodistally, approximately two times longer than wide; long simple setae on dorsal margin and on distoventral angle. Merus approximately three times longer than wide, margins parallel; with simple and plumose setae on margins and scattered on surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused with plumose setae on margins. Exopod one­half longer than merus, flagellum with one elongate article.

Maxilliped III (fig. 115F) dactylus with rounded tip; long plumose setae on margins and lateral surface. Propodus dorsodistally inflated, with longitudinal median row of plumose setae on lateral surface; margins with plumose setae. Carpus produced onto propodus almost one­third length of propodus; lateral surface with two rows of plumose setae; long plumose setae on margins. Merus cylindrical, unarmed, with plumose setae on distodorsal margin and sparsely scattered on lateral surface. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, with weak crista dentata of three or four teeth. Exopod two­segmented: proximal segment small; distal segment styliform, tapering, approximately one­third length of merus; with plumose setae on margins; without flagellum.

Pereopod I (fig. 116A) dactylus curved and tapering; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth; dorsal margin with long plumose and short simple setae; ventral margin with short simple setae. Propodus lateral surface with numerous short, transverse rows of setose rugae; dorsal margin unarmed; ventral margin distally produced into acute spine; cutting edge lacking teeth, lined with long plumose setae; dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short simple setae. Carpus with dorsodistal angle produced into strong corneous­tipped spine; dorsal margin with short transverse grooves behind spine; dorsal and distal margins with long plumose setae; lateral surface with small distal rugose area, few transverse setose ridges on distal half of surface; mesial surface smooth, with medial transverse row of setae, margins with long plumose setae. Merus unarmed; lateral surface with scattered transverse rows of long plumose setae, margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface with few scattered setae; fully calcified. Basis­ischium incompletely fused, unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Pereopod II (fig. 116B) dactylus smooth; base to heel slightly concave, heel subquadrate and rounded, heel to tip with wide, subacute indent, tip acute, tip to base broadly convex; lateral surface smooth, with several small tufts of short setae in generally straight line across medioproximal surface, several widely spaced submarginal tufts of short setae dorsodistally; mesial surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae and patch of long plumose setae at base. Propodal dorsal surface smooth, with ventral margin inflated and rounded; oblique row of long plumose setae on distal margin of lateral surface; distal and ventral margins with long plumose setae; dorsolateral surface as narrow, oblique, flattened shelf, with short setae on dorsal margin and long plumose setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with elevated, curved, setose ridge from ventral junction with dactylus almost to ventral proximal junction with carpus. Carpus slightly produced and gently rounded dorsodistally, dorsal margin unarmed; lateral surface smooth, with setose mat at tip of produced area and irregular, interrupted row of rugae and submarginal elevated ridge ventrally, rugae and ridge with long plumose setae; margins with short plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with row of long plumose setae subdorsally. Merus with large median decalcified window covering nearly all of lateral surface, with few scattered long plumose setae on surface and margins; mesial surface nearly smooth, with two long rows of setae. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa of male and female with small acute spine on anterior margin.

Pereopod III (fig. 116C) with dactylus with base to heel concave, heel produced and rounded, heel to tip with broadly concave indent and small concave region at midpoint of proximal margin, tip acute, tip to base smoothly convex; lateral surface smooth, with tuft of short setae on medioproximal surface, dorsodistal margin with tufts of short setae; ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple and plumose setae; mesial surface smooth, with plumose setae proximally at junction with propodus. Propodus not inflated dorsoventrally; lateral surface smooth, with long plumose setae in oblique row, simple setae on dorsal margin; dorsolateral surface narrow, oblique, flattened, with long simple setae on ventral margin; mesial surface with scattered long setae on and near distal margin and in oblique row on surface. Carpus produced dorsodistally, exceeding proximal margin of propodus by one­fourth length of propodus; dorsolateral margin unarmed; lateral surface slightly rugose dorsodistally, with mat of short setae and two interrupted rows of setae ventrally; mesial surface smooth, with long plumose setae on margins. Merus narrow, smooth, with large decalcified window covering nearly half of lateral surface medially; dorsal and ventral margins unarmed; distodorsal and ventral margins with long plumose setae; mesial surface smooth. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa of male and female with small acute spine on anterior margin. Female with large gonopore on anterior mesial margin of coxa; mature male unknown, but pore lacking on immature male

Pereopod IV (fig. 116D) dactylus with base to tip convex proximally to concave distally, tip acute, tip to base concave distally to convex proximally; lateral surface smooth, ventral margin with long plumose setae, dorsal margin with short simple setae; mesial surface with dorsal decalcified region, demarcated ventrally by longitudinal elevated ridge with row of short setae; with setose punctations ventral to decalcified window. Propodus expanded dorsally and ventrally; ventral expansion reaching ventral margin of dactylus, margin with long plumose setae; dorsal expansion with row of long plumose setae dorsally, oblique area with mat of short simple setae; lateral and mesial surfaces smooth. Carpus slightly produced dorsodistally; ventral four­fifths of lateral surface and mesial surface smooth, dorsodistal fifth of lateral surface with mat of short setae; dorsal margin with short simple and long plumose setae; ventral margin with short simple setae; mesial surface decalcified medially. Merus with scattered, short, transverse rows of setae on lateral surface in ventral half, dorsal margin with long plumose setae, ventral margin with short plumose setae; proximoventral half of mesial surface with large decalcified window. Basis­ischium incompletely fused and unarmed. Coxa unarmed.

Abdomen (fig. 116E) with somite I wider than long, widest posteriorly; dorsal surface with anterior margin concave; posterior margin curved, with elevated submarginal row of short setae; small transverse, decalcified windows laterad of segment median. Somite II dorsal surface with submarginal transverse ridge anteriorly; with small transverse, decalcified windows laterad of segment median just anterior to submarginal ridge; pleura expanded and directed anterolaterally; lateral margins rounded, anterior and lateral margins with long plumose setae, posterior margin with short setae; posteromesial angle with mat of short simple setae. Somite III similar to somite II, but narrower, shorter; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite II, directed posterolaterally proximally and anterolaterally distally, with setae as in somite II; anterolateral angle subacute; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally. Somite IV similar to somite III, but thinner and shorter; pleura thinner and shorter than on somite III, directed laterally; dorsal surface obliquely flattened anterolaterally; margins with long plumose setae. Somite V wider than somite IV; lateral margins with plumose setae; pleura absent. Somite VI broader than somite V; dorsal surface with two short transverse rows of setae laterad of midline and on posterior margin; pleura absent.

Females with uniramous, paired pleopods on somites II–V; immature male with reduced pleopods; mature male unknown.

Telson of immature male (fig. 116F) elongate, not laterally produced, longer than wide, distal margin nearly straight towards rounded tip; thickly calcified in proximolateral two­thirds, inflated dorsolaterally; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length, sparse row of long simple setae of either side of median groove in median third of surface; proximolateral angles each with elongate patch of short simple setae; margins with long simple setae. Telson of female (fig. 116G) flattened, ovate, and evenly calcified, with slightly produced tip; median longitudinal groove extending one­half length, row of short simple setae from proximal end of median groove to near distal margin of telson; proximolateral angle with patch of setae, margins with long simple setae.

DISTRIBUTION: Known with certainty only from Yemen, Oman, India, Western Australia, and Loyalty Islands, in up to 50 m depth. This species probably also occurs in the Red Sea ( Nobili, 1906).

MAXIMUM SIZE: Males: 6.5 mm cl; females: 8.1 mm cl.

TYPE SPECIMENS: BMNH 1894.11.3.4–5 (2 syntypes); the current repository of the additional three syntypes is unknown.

TYPE LOCALITY: Cheval Par, Madras, India.

REMARKS: This is a small species of Albunea , but the current maximum size for males is clearly an underestimate, as no mature males have been examined. The ‘‘female’’ A. thurstoni illustrated by Serène and Umali (1965: pl. 5, fig. 1a) is clearly a mature male, but those authors did not provide measurements of their specimens. The only two males examined lacked gonopores on either the third or fifth pereopods, but posessed reduced pleopods and a different telson morphology than female specimens.

Without direct examination of the specimen cited by Nurul Huda et al. (1989), it is not possible to ascertain its true identity. However, Nurul Huda et al. (1989) described that specimen as having an indistinct spur on the heel of the dactyl of pereopod III, and having a narrower and straighter ‘‘ischium’’ (probably refers to the merus) of maxilliped III than seen on A. symmysta . The only species known from the eastern Indian coast which could be easily confused with A. symmysta , and which has both those characters, is A. thurstoni .

There have been several misconceptions as to the range of this species. Thomassin’s (1969: text­fig. 14) distribution map of this species is inaccurate, as it contains his Madagascar material, which he later described as A. madagascariensis (= A. speciosa ). Also, contrary to the unsupported statement of Calado (1995), this species does not occur in Hawaii, although it does have a broad range in the Indo­Pacific.

Judging by the number of specimens collected, A. thurstoni is one of the rarest albuneid species. It is probably not closely related to A. microps , as suggested by Henderson (1893), although these two species have a certain similarity in the crenulated appearance of the carapace grooves, but it may be the sister species to A. gibbesii . More information is needed about the morphology of A. thurstoni , especially the mature male telson, before any conclusions can be drawn.

Figures

Fig. 108. Albunea catherinae, n. sp.: A, Ƌ, 15.0 mm cl, AMNH 17194, holotype; B–J, oviger, 20.0 mm cl, AMNH 159. A. Carapace, branchiostegite, and ocular peduncles, dorsal view. B. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. C. Left antennule, lateral view. D. Left antenna, lateral view. E. Left mandible, mesial view. F. Left maxillule, lateral view. G. Left maxilla, lateral view. H. Right maxilliped I, lateral view. I. Left maxilliped II, lateral view. J. Left maxilliped III, lateral view. Scale = 2.2 mm (B), 3.0 mm (F), 3.3 mm (E. I), 5.5 mm (A), 6.0 mm (D, G), and 6.7 mm (C, H, J).

Fig. 109. Albunea catherinae, n. sp.: A–E, G, oviger, 20.0 mm cl, AMNH 159; F, Ƌ, 15.0 mm cl, AMNH 17194, holotype. A. Left pereopod I, lateral view. B. Right pereopod II, lateral view. C. Left pereopod III, lateral view. D. Left pereopod IV, lateral view. E. Abdominal somites I–VI, dorsal view. F. Telson of Ƌ, dorsal view. G. Telson of ♀, dorsal view. Scale = 3.3 mm (F, G), 6.0 mm (A), and 6.7 mm (B–E).

Fig. 110. Graph of length of distal peduncular segments plotted against carapace length for Albunea paretii and Albunea catherinae, n. sp. Data points are for 68 specimens of A. paretii (5.0– 27.4 mm cl) and 50 specimens of A. catherinae, n. sp. (6.8–22.1 mm cl). O, Albunea catherinae, n. sp. -, Albunea paretii.

Fig. 111. Albunea steintizi Holthuis, 1958: A, Ƌ, 10.8 mm cl, ZMTAU E62/3614; B–J, Ƌ, 9.9 mm cl, USNM 304308. A. Carapace, branchiostegite, and ocular peduncles, dorsal view. B. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. C. Left antennule, lateral view. D. Left antenna, lateral view. E. Left mandible, mesial view. F. Left maxillule, lateral view. G. Left maxilla, lateral view. H. Left maxilliped I, lateral view. I. Left maxilliped II, lateral view. J. Left maxilliped III, lateral view. Scale = 1.6 mm (B, F), 2.2 mm (E, I), 3.3 mm (C, D, G, H, J), and 4.5 mm (A).

Fig. 112. Albunea steintizi Holthuis, 1958: A–F, Ƌ, 9.9 mm cl, USNM 304308; G, ♀, 15.4 mm cl, BMNH 1999.892–893. A. Left pereopod I, lateral view. B. Left pereopod II, lateral view. C. Left pereopod III, lateral view. D. Left pereopod IV, lateral view. E. Abdominal somites I–VI, dorsal view. F. Telson of Ƌ, dorsal view. G. Telson of ♀, dorsal view. Scale = 2.2 mm (F), 3.3 mm (A, E, G), and 4.4 mm (B–D).

Fig. 113. Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859: A–J, Ƌ, 10.6 mm cl, AMNH 10247. A. Carapace, branchiostegite, and ocular peduncles, dorsal view. B. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. C. Left antennule, lateral view. D. Left antenna, lateral view. E. Left mandible, mesial view. F. Left maxillule, lateral view. G. Left maxilla, lateral view. H. Left maxilliped I, lateral view. I. Left maxilliped II, lateral view. J. Left maxilliped III, lateral view. Scale = 1.6 mm (B, E, F), 2.2 mm (I), and 3.3 mm (A, C, D, G, H, J).

Fig. 114. Albunea gibbesii Stimpson, 1859: A–F, Ƌ, 10.6 mm cl, AMNH 10247; G, Ƌ, 15.1 mm cl, ANSP 4438; H, ♀, 12.8 mm cl, MCZ 19651. A. Left pereopod I, lateral view. B. Left pereopod II, lateral view. C. Left pereopod III, lateral view. D. Left pereopod IV, lateral view. E. Abdominal somites I–VI, dorsal view. F. Telson of immature Ƌ, dorsal view. G. Telson of mature Ƌ, dorsal view. H. Telson of ♀. Scale = 2.2 mm (H), 3.0 mm (F, G), 3.3 mm (C, E), and 4.4 mm (A, B, D).

Fig. 115. Albunea thurstoni Henderson, 1893: A–F, ♀, 6.8 mm cl, BMNH 1894.11.3.4–5, syntype. A. Carapace, branchiostegite, and ocular peduncles, dorsal view. B. Ocular peduncles, dorsal view. C. Right antennule, lateral view. D. Left antenna, lateral view. E. Right maxilliped II, lateral view. F. Right maxilliped III, lateral view. Scale = 0.8 mm (B), 1.4 mm (C, E), 1.6 mm (D), and 2.2 mm (A, F).

Fig. 116. Albunea thurstoni Henderson, 1893: A, B, D, F, ♀, 6.8 mm cl, BMNH 1894.11.3.4–5, syntype; C, E, ♀, 5.4 mm cl, BMNH 1901.4.20.11–12. A. Right pereopod I, lateral view. B. Left pereopod II, lateral view. C. Left pereopod III, lateral view. D. Right pereopod IV, lateral view. E. Abdominal somites I–VI, dorsal view. F. Telson of immature Ƌ, dorsal view. G. Telson of ♀, dorsal view. Scale = 0.8 mm (F), 1.8 mm (E), 2.2 mm (A, B, D), and 2.5 mm (C).