Oocyclus sulcatus, Alencar & Short & Hamada, 2022

Alencar, Janderson Batista R., Short, Andrew Edward Z. & Hamada, Neusa, 2022, New species and new distributional records of the hygropetric water scavenger beetle genus Oocyclus Sharp (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae) from the Brazilian Shield, Zootaxa 5087 (2), pp. 275-305 : 290-291

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5087.2.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B5807029-3C66-4592-A224-647A3BFD6BB5
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828071
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A22887D1-5615-DA47-FF57-F912FC0DF2DD
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Oocyclus sulcatus
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Oocyclus sulcatus View in CoL sp. n.

( Figs. 8a–d View FIGURE 8 , 11g View FIGURE 11 , 12d View FIGURE 12 , 13b View FIGURE 13 , 14 View FIGURE 14 )

Type material. Holotype (male): “ BRASIL: BAHIA, PARNA Chapada Diamantina, Waterfall da Fumaça , long -41.456278, lat -12.600333, 1286 m a.s.l., vertical surfaces with water, 19.iii.2020, leg. J.B. R. Alencar” ( INPA , in alcohol) . Paratypes (41 exs.): BRAIL: Bahia: Same data as holotype (4 exs. INPA , in alcohol); except “Waterfall of Mosquito, long -41.3705 lat -12.3706, 517 m a.s.l., vertical surfaces with water, 29.vi.2019, leg. J.B. R. Alencar” (3 exs. INPA , in alcohol); “Waterfall da Matinha, long -41.3358 lat -13.0765 1021 m a.s.l., vertical surfaces with water, 21.iii.2020, leg. J.B. R. Alencar” (21 exs. INPA ; 10 exs. SEMC, in alcohol); “ Palmeiras, Waterfall of Riachinho , long -41.5157, lat -12.5721, 935 m a.s.l., vertical surfaces with water, 18.iii.2020, leg. J.B. R. Alencar” (1 ex. INPA , in alcohol) .

Diagnosis. Large-sized species. Pronotum with rounded posterolateral margins. Elytra surface with impressed longitudinal grooves and shallow longitudinal depressions medially in posterior half, rows of systematic punctures present, but blending with surrounding coarse ground punctation and as such hardly distinguishable ( Fig. 12d View FIGURE 12 ). Elytral sutural interval raised ( Fig. 12d View FIGURE 12 ) and margins explanate ( Fig. 13b View FIGURE 13 ). Prosternum with two anteromedial spine-like setae. Abdominal ventrites dark brown, not paler than thoracic ventrites.

Adult. Body length 5.2–6.2 mm (n= 10, mean= 5.88, SD= ±0.31); TL/GW 1.60± 0.08 mm. General body shape broadly oval, strongly convex.

Color. Dorsum black ( Fig. 8a View FIGURE 8 ), covered with dense, irregular green or bronze sheen. Anterolateral margins of pronotum with pale strip, extending to ca. 4/5 of lateral margin length. Elytra with faint, often indistinct yellowish or bronze maculae, especially near suture; with row of rounded black [=without sheen] spots along suture. Each elytron with one rounded pale spot on distal quarter. Antennomeres 1–5 yellowish brown, club dark brown. Maxillary and labial palps yellow. Ventral face of head dark brown to black. Lateral margins of prosternum and pseudoepipleura yellowish brown; and epipleura brown. Thorax dark brown to black ventrally. Legs dark brown, except for light brown tarsi. Abdominal ventrites dark brown with posterior margin of each ventrite light to brown.

Head. Ground punctation on clypeus and frons moderately coarse, distance between punctures 2.0–3.0× width of one puncture ( Fig. 8d View FIGURE 8 ). Ground punctation on labrum denser than punctation of clypeus, distance between punctures 0.5–1.5× width of one puncture; with few distinct systematic punctures medially. Labrum sometimes bearing short setae. Clypeus with several scattered indistinct systematic punctures laterally; and sometimes bearing short setae. Frons with irregular row of systematic punctures toward the median plane of each eye and few fine setae around ocular suture. Maxillary palps shorter than width of labrum; segment 3 shorter than segment 2; apical segment longer than penultimate segment. Labial palps about two-thirds as long as width of mentum. Mentum smooth, with scattered coarse punctures; subquadrate, anterior margin slightly convex and depressed.

Thorax. Ground punctation on pronotum and elytra unevenly distributed and moderately coarse; elytra with distinctly larger punctures and with shallowly impressed longitudinal grooves ( Figs. 8a, c, d View FIGURE 8 ). Pronotal systematic punctures similar in size to surrounding ground punctures; anterior and posterior series each forming an irregular field. Lateral margins of pronotum with fine setae distributed along its length, more densely pubescent on anterior half. Pronotal posterolateral angles rounded. Sutural interval on elytra ( Fig. 12d View FIGURE 12 ) slightly raised. Elytral interval with weak or non-existent pubescence in ground punctation. Rows of systematic punctures on elytra present but blending with surrounding coarse ground punctation and as such hardly distinguishable ( Fig. 12d View FIGURE 12 ). Elytral surface with shallow longitudinal depressions medially on posterior half ( Fig. 13b View FIGURE 13 ). Humeral region (in frontal view) distinctly elevated anteromedially. Elytra margins with short spine-like setae spaced along its length and explanate on posterior half. Prosternum with clearly defined median carina; slightly elevated anteromedially ( Fig. 8e View FIGURE 8 ); elevated region with two spine-like setae. Elevated process of mesoventrite wide and elongate, about twice as long as wide; slightly raised anteriorly; with six coarse spine-like setae. Metaventrite with posteromedial oval glabrous area ca. twice as long as wide; length of glabrous area about three-quarters of metaventrite. Procoxae with fine short pubescence and set with coarse, short spine-like setae; grouped on basal half. Protibiae each with 7–9 spine-like setae on dorsal face. Meso- and metafemora with scattered punctures bearing short thickened, spine-like setae.

Abdomen. Ventrites covered with setae of varying lengths; ventrites 1–4 with scattered long erect setae, distinctly longer than longest setae on metaventrite ( Fig. 8b View FIGURE 8 ). Aedeagus: outer margin of parameres weakly sinuous, gradually tapering to apex, curving inward; inner margin, straight, tapering from distal half (dorsal view); median lobe subequal in length to parameres, without apical hook. Basal piece rounded ( Fig. 11g View FIGURE 11 ).

Etymology. The specific epithet sulcatus (L.), refers to the grooved elytra. To be treated as a noun in apposition.

Distribution. Brazil (Bahia) ( Fig. 14 View FIGURE 14 ).

Remarks. This species shares some diagnostic features with O. iguazu ( Oliva, 1996) : such as non-pale abdominal ventrites, large-size (>5.0 mm) and two prosternal spines. However, O. sulcatus sp. n. can be easily distinguished by its impressed longitudinal grooves and shallow longitudinal depressions medially on the posterior part of elytra ( Fig. 13b View FIGURE 13 ). In some specimens, the visualization of the diagnostic spots and green or bronze sheen (iridescence) depends on the view and lighting, sometimes they are not captured in the photographs, visible by moving the specimen or by changing the lighting system of the photographic equipment.