Tomarus colombianus López-García & Gasca-Álvarez, 2014

López-García, Margarita M. & Deloya, Cuauhtémoc, 2022, Cladistic analysis reveals polyphyly of Tomarus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae): new classification and taxonomic revision, Zootaxa 5211 (1), pp. 1-119 : 59

Tomarus colombianus López-García & Gasca-Álvarez, 2014

( Figs. 9G , 11I , 16D , 19D , 27D ; 44 )

Tomarus colombianus López-García & Gasca-Álvarez, 2014 in López-García et al. 2014: 579. Original combination. Male holotype (CIUQ) “Colombia—Valle / La Bocana-B/ventura / Altura: 5 m. s.n.m / Fecha: 16/04/04 / Método: Directo / Col: Serna F. // Tomarus colombianus / López-García & / Gasca-Álvarez / HOLOTIPO // CIUQ 1505”. Female paratype (CIUQ) “ COLOMBIA: Dep. Valle del Cauca / Buenaventura / La Bocana / 15.iv.2004 / Light trap / 2 m altitud / Rivas L. Coll // Tomarus colombianus / López-García & / Gasca-Álvarez / PARATIPO // CIUQ 1504”. Female paratype (CIUQ) “Colombia- Valle Cauca / B/ventura-Bocana / Altura: 2 m. s.n.m / Fecha: Mayo/04 / Método: Directo-Bosque / Col: Mendoza L. // Tomarus colombianus / López-García & / Gasca-Álvarez / PARATIPO // CIUQ 1507”. Male parat–pe (ICN) “Colombia—Valle / La Bocana-B/ventura / Altura: 5 m. s.n.m / Fecha: 17/04/04 / Método: Directo / Col: Serna F.” Female paratype (ICN) “ Huila / Neiva / 5.iii.1974 / Bagos A. I. // Tomarus colombianus / López-García & / Gasca-Álvarez / PARATIPO. Type locality: La Bocana, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.

Description. Habitus as in Fig. 27D . Length 18.0–21.0 mm; humeral width 8.5–10.5 mm. Color dark reddish brown. Head: Frons and clypeus coarsely and densely rugose. Frontoclypeal region with 2 conical tubercles separated by about 6 tubercle diameters. Clypeus narrowed towards apex, base 3 times wider than apex. Clypeal teeth triangular, separated by less than a tooth diameter. Mandible with 2 apical teeth and a lateral, narrowly rounded tooth. Mentum abruptly constricted at apical 3rd. Galea of maxilla with teeth 5 and 6 well developed. Interocular distance 3.2 times an eye width. Pronotum: Surface with minute punctures; denser and deeper on anterior and lateral angles, disc impunctate. Apical tubercle small, rounded, not visible in lateral view. Subapical fovea shallow, elongate, narrow (1/3 the interocular distance); equal in both sexes, surface rugopunctate. Scutellum: Surface with deep, large punctures forming 2 lines parallel to margins. Elytra: Punctures on first interval as large as those on other intervals. Inner surface of apex with rounded, large tubercles forming 14–16 parallel lines. Abdomen: Apex of tergite IV with a triangular wide area with small, irregular tubercles forming 9–10 diagonal nearly parallel lines. Pygidium with dense rugosity on basal 3rd ( Fig. 9G ), apex rounded. Venter: Apex of prosternal process flat, transversely oval to rounded. Metasternum with minute setae on anterior angles. Legs: Protibia tridentate, with a basal, small denticle ( Fig. 11I ). Apex of metatibia crenulate, with 9–11 spinules. Male genitalia: Spiculum gastrale without basal plates. Phallobase 1.1 times longer than parameres. Parameres with 2 dorsal teeth on each side; basal tooth acute, longer than apical ( Figs. 16D , 19D ). Internal sac with copulatory lamella and short lamellar spiny belt; with a complex of 7 spine-like accessory lamellae, with dense granules at base.

Diagnosis. Tomarus colombianus can be differentiated by the following character combination: frontoclypeal tubercles conical; pronotal surface nearly smooth ( Fig. 27D ); pronotal tubercle not visible in lateral view; pronotal fovea shallow and narrow (1/3 as wide as interocular distance); protibia tridentate, with an additional basal denticle ( Fig. 11I ); apex of metatibia with 9–11 spinules; parameres with 2 dorsal teeth on each side, main teeth long, widely separate from secondary teeth ( Figs. 16D , 19D ).

Distribution. Colombia ( López-García et al. 2014).

Locality records ( Fig. 44 ). Five specimens examined from ICN and CIUQ. COLOMBIA (5). Huila (1): Neiva. Valle del Cauca (4): Buenaventura.

Natural history. The few known specimens were found in tropical humid forest near a mangrove swamp and Guandal forest. They were collected by hand and at light traps.

Figures

FIGURE 9. Pygidium of male. A) Euligyrus ebenus, B) Proculigyrus cicatricosus, C) Ligyrus (Anagrylius) cuniculus, D) L. (Ligyrus) fossor, E) L. (Ligyrus) paranaensis, F) Tomarus bituberculatus, G) T. colombianus, H) T. maracaiboensis, I) T. pilcopataensis, J) T. pullus, K) T. roigjunenti, L) T. rostratus.

FIGURE 11. Protibia in frontal view.A) Euligyrus similis, B) Proculigyrus cicatricosus, C) Ligyrus (Anagrylius) moroni, D) L. (Ligyrodes) relictus, E) L. (Ligyrodes) sallaei, F) L. (Ligyrus) allonasutus, G) L. (Ligyrus) villosus, H) Tomarus bituberculatus, I) T. colombianus, J) T. pullus.

FIGURE 16. Parameres in frontal view. A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon, J) T. maracaiboensis, K) T. maternus, L) T. pilcopataensis, M) T. pullus, N) T. pumilus, O) T. roigjunenti, P) T. rostratus, Q) T. selanderi, R) T. subtropicus.

FIGURE 19. Parameres in lateral view. A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon.

FIGURE 27. Habitus of the species of Tomarus: A) Tomarus adoceteus, B) T. amazonicus, C) T. bituberculatus, D) T. colombianus, E) T. discrepans, F) T. gyas, G) T. laevicollis, H) T. laticaudus, I) T. maimon. Scale bar: 5 mm.

FIGURE 44. Distributional records of Tomarus laevicollis, T. laticaudus, T. maracaiboensis, and T. colombianus.