Ptychoptera yunnanica, Zhang & Kang, 2021

Zhang, Xiao & Kang, Zehui, 2021, Two new species of the genus Ptychoptera Meigen, 1803 (Diptera, Ptychopteridae) from Yunnan, China with remarks on the distribution of Chinese species, ZooKeys 1070, pp. 73-86 : 73

Ptychoptera yunnanica sp. nov.

Figs 3 , 4

Material examined.

China • 1♂, holotype of P. yunnanica ; Yunnan Province, Binchuan District, Mt. Jizu ; 25°56'38"N, 100°23'58"E; 1875 m; 1 Jun. 2019; Z. Kang leg.; QAU • 1♀, paratype of P. yunnanica ; same collection data as for preceding; QAU • 1♀, paratype of P. yunnanica ; Yunnan Province, Panlong District, Yunnan Agricultural University ; 25°8'4"N, 102°45'2"E; 1953 m; 28 Apr.-3 Jun. 2016.; L. Wang leg.; Malaise trap; CAU • 1♀, paratype of P. yunnanica ; Yunnan Province, Panlong District, Yunnan Agricultural University ; 25°8'9"N, 102°45'8"E; 1958 m; 28 Apr.-3 Jun. 2016; L. Wang leg.; Malaise trap; CAU • 1♂, paratype of P. yunnanica ; Yunnan Province, Panlong District, Yunnan Agricultural University ; 25°8'22"N, 102°45'14"E; 1965 m; 28 Sep.-24 Nov. 2016; L. Wang leg.; Malaise trap; CAU .

Diagnosis.

Postnotum dark brown, mediotergite with a big yellow spot; wing marked with three weak brown clouds at tip of R1, fork of R4+5 and fork of M1+2 and a brown band extending from basal of R2+3 to middle section of CuA; subapical spine of epandrium transverse conical; basal scale of hypandrium rectangular, anterior margin strongly concaved medially, basal division of hypandrium finger-shaped with dense long hairs basally and medially; terminal division of hypandrium cordiform.

Description.

Male. Body length 6.5-8.0 mm, wing length 7-7.5 mm.

Vertex and frons dark brown with brown hairs; face and clypeus yellow with light brown hairs; gena yellow with a black elliptical spot medially, hairs dark brown; occiput yellow. Compound eyes black without pubescence. Scape, pedicel and basal 1/2 of 1st flagellomere yellow, remaining flagellomeres brown, setae on antenna dark brown. Proboscis light yellow with brown hairs. Palpus yellow with terminal of last segment brown, hairs brown.

Thorax (Fig. 3a, b ). Pronotum and propleuron light yellow. Prescutum, scutum and paratergite uniformly black. Scutellum mostly brown, middle area yellow with a patch of dense dark brown hairs. Mediotergite of postnotum dark brown, middle area with a big yellow spot. Upper half of laterotergite dark brown, lower half of laterotergite yellow, with brown hairs, in dorsal view. Mesopleuron and metapleuron uniformly yellow. Coxae and trochanters yellow; fore femur yellow and gradually darkened apically; mid and hind femora yellow with brown ring apically; tibiae yellowish brown with brown ring apically; 1st tarsomere of fore and mid legs brown, 1st tarsomere of hind leg yellow with a narrow dark brown ring apically, other tarsomeres dark brown. Hairs on legs dark brown. Relative length of 1st to 5th tarsomeres in hind leg as 7: 2: 1.2: 1: 1.

Wing (Fig. 3c ) 3.8 times as long as wide, subhyaline, marked with three brown clouds and a brown band as follows: three weak brown clouds at tip of R1, fork of R4+5 and fork of M1+2; median band extending from basa of Rs to middle section of CuA2. Veins brown; Sc ending in C not at level of basal 1/3 of R2+3; Rs straight, slightly longer than r-m; r-m arise from R4+5. Halter and prehaltere pale yellow with brown hairs.

Abdomen (Fig. 3a ). First tergum dark brown with basal 1/5 yellow, 2nd tergum yellow with middle area and caudal 1/6 dark brown, 3rd tergum yellow with caudal 1/5 dark brown, 4th tergum yellow with caudal 1/4 dark brown, 5th to 7th terga dark brown. Sterna yellow. Hairs on abdomen brown.

Male genitalia (Fig. 4 ) yellow. Epandrium (Fig. 4b ) bilobed, epandrial lobe broad, epandrial clasper tapering distally and curved downward, slightly swollen apically; subapical spine of epandrium transverse conical, with brown hairs; epiproct with short hairs. Gonocoxite (Fig. 4c ) short and slender, 2 times as long as wide, basal apodeme 3/4 as long as gonocoxite; apical process of paramere hook-shaped, apex incurvated. Gonostylus (Fig. 4c ): anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus bilobate without hairs; medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus finger-shaped on middle of inner side with short hairs; secondary lobe of apical stylus of gonostylus fan-shaped basally without hairs, finger-shaped apically with dense short setae; apical stylus of gonostylus finger-shaped with dense short hairs. Hypandrium (Fig. 4d ): basal scale of hypandrium rectangular, anterior margin strongly concaved medially; spathate lobe of hypandrium papillary without hairs; basal division of hypandrium finger-shaped with dense long hairs basally and medially; lateral extension of terminal division thin; terminal division of hypandrium cordiform. Aedeagus (Fig. 4e, f ): subapical sclerite tongue-shaped, slightly caved bilaterally, apex of subapical sclerite round; aedeagal sclerites with apex laterally compressed, with dorsal corner extended anterodorsally, straight sided and convergent, base broad; lateral ejaculatory processes with base straight, narrow, extended straight anterolaterally; apodemes with elongate quadrangular dorsal extension; sperm sac subspherical; ejaculatory apodeme flag-like, closely associated with aedeagal sclerites, subequal to sperm sac, paralleling anterior margin of sperm sac.

Female. Body length 8.5-9.0 mm, wing length 9.0-9.5 mm. Similar to male. Third tergum yellow with caudal 1/3 brown, 4th and 5th terga brown, 6th tergum brown with caudal 1/3 yellow, 7th and 8th terga yellow. Terminalia (Fig. 3d ): 8th sternum yellow, 2.8 times as long as 7th sternum; cercus yellow with brown end, blade-shaped, 10th tergum + cercus 1.8 times as long as 8th sternum.

Distribution.

China (Yunnan).

Etymology.

Specific name Ptychoptera yunnanica (adjective, feminine) referring to the type locality, Yunnan.

Remarks.

This new species is similar to P. persimilis Alexander, 1947 from Burma, but can be separated from it by have a mediotergite with a big yellow spot, the subapical spine of the epandrium transverse conical, the apical process of the paramere hook-shaped with the apex incurvated. In P. persimilis , the mediotergite does not have a big yellow spot, only the adjoining portion of the scutellum is yellow; the epandrium is nematoform, the apex is expanded and slipper-like, the paramere has elongate, ribbon-like spines directed posterior, crossing medially ( Alexander 1947; Fasbender 2014). This new species is also similar to P. praescutellaris Alexander, 1946 from Burma, but can be separated from it by having the subapical spine of the epandrium transverse conical, and the secondary lobe of the apical stylus finger-shaped. In P. praescutellaris , the apex of the epandrial clasper is bulbous and without a conical projection, and the secondary lobe of the apical stylus is subtrapezoidal ( Alexander 1946; Fasbender 2014). This new species resembles somewhat P. emeica from China but can be easily separated from the latter by the postnotum dark brown with a big yellow spot, the basal 1/3 of the yellow second abdomen tergum with a median brown spot, the subapical spine of the epandrium transverse conical, and the medial lobe of the basal lobe of the gonostylus finger-shaped. In P. emeica , the postnotum is uniformly black, the basal 1/3 of the second tergum of the abdomen is uniformly brown, the epandrium has no transverse conical subapical spine, and the medial lobe of the basal lobe of the gonostylus is broad and tongue-shaped ( Kang et al. 2019). Finally, the new species can be separated from P. lushuiensis from China by the postnotum dark brown with a big yellow spot, the subapical spine of the epandrium transverse conical, the apical process of the paramere hook-shaped with the apex incurvated, and the terminal division of the hypandrium cordiform. In P. lushuiensis , the postnotum is uniformly black, the surstylus of the epandrium does not have a transverse conical subapical spine, the apical process of paramere is sclerotized triangular, and the terminal division of hypandrium cordiform is X-shaped ( Kang et al. 2013).

Figures

Figure 3. Ptychoptera yunnanica sp. nov. a habitus of male, lateral view b thorax, dorsal view c wing d female terminalia, lateral view. Scale bars: 2,0 mm (a); 0,5 mm (b); 1,0 mm (c); 0,2 mm (d).

Figure 4. Ptychoptera yunnanica sp. nov. a male genitalia, lateral view b epandrium, dorsal view c gonocoxite and gonostylus, dorsal view d hypandrium, ventral view e aedeagus, anterior view f aedeagus, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm. (ESS = Subapical Spine of Epandrium, GAS = Apical stylus of gonostylus, GBA = Anterior lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GBM = Medial lobe of basal lobe of gonostylus, GSL = Secondary lobe of Apical Stylus of Gonostylus, HBS = Basal scale of Hypandrium, HSL = Spathate Lobe of Hypandrium, HTD = Terminal Division of Hypandrium, HTE = Lateral Extension of Terminal Division, hypd = hypandrium, PMB = Paramere Base, PPA = Apical Process of Paramere).