Tintiyakus Cadena-Castañeda, Mendes & Heleodoro, 2020
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4729.4.5 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:E4213118-C7BD-4860-83FE-4FF1059C440C |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3808703 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F5A87C7-FFD8-FFB8-FF4F-F17AFA17A02E |
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treatment provided by |
Carolina |
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scientific name |
Tintiyakus Cadena-Castañeda, Mendes & Heleodoro |
| status |
gen. nov. |
Tintiyakus Cadena-Castañeda, Mendes & Heleodoro View in CoL gen. nov.
http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:506705
Figures 1–8 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 6 View FIGURE 7 View FIGURE 8
Diagnosis. Tergite 10 medially emarginated posteriorly ( Figs. 1D View FIGURE 1 and 5D View FIGURE 5 ). Pleural area covered by several micro- trichia. Cercus curved towards pleural margin ( Figs. 1D View FIGURE 1 and 5D View FIGURE 5 ). Male subgenital plate medially emarginated at apical margin ( Figs. 1E View FIGURE 1 and 5E View FIGURE 5 ). Stylus inward curved, slender ( Figs. 1E View FIGURE 1 and 5E View FIGURE 5 ). Male genitalia with dorsal-most external wall covered by several microsetae; dorsally with titillator’s process conspicuously bifurcated at posterior margin; ejaculatory vesicles conspicuous, rounded ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 A–D and 6A–D).
Type species. Tintiyakus sexangulus Mendes, Heleodoro & Ramos-Pastrana View in CoL sp. nov., pres. desig.
Etymology. The genus name is in apposition, coming from the indigenous idiom “Quéchua”, widely used by several Andean cultures. Tinti = grasshopper + yakus = water, referring to the preference of these insects to inhabit environments with water bodies.
Grammatical gender. Masculine.
Description.
Head. Dorsally smooth, frontally higher than wide, laterally widened; fastigium proximally broader than antennal segment, eyes frontally elevated, with rear ommatidia light; ocelli conspicuous; lateral ocelli rounded and front one ovoid ( Figs. 1C View FIGURE 1 and 5C View FIGURE 5 ). Frons rugose. Scapus and pedicel unarmed, antenna surpassing body length ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 and 5B View FIGURE 5 ), with more than 70 antennomeres. Mandibles and maxilla symmetric, with conspicuous sharp teeth apically; mandibular and maxillary palpi thin and elongated ( Figs. 1C View FIGURE 1 and 5C View FIGURE 5 ).
Thorax. Pronotum slightly wider than long, not covering mesonotum, with lateral margin slightly rounded; pronotal disc slightly rounded at anterior, posterior and lateral margins; pronotal lobe with dorsal margin nearly straight in lateral view, slightly convex at ventral margin ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 and 5B View FIGURE 5 ).
Wings. Absent.
Legs. Fore coxa with one lateral conspicuous spine ( Figs. 1B View FIGURE 1 and 5B View FIGURE 5 ). Fore and mid femora dorsally with several small tubercles from base to apex; with two longitudinal parallel carinae at ventral margin ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–B and 5A–B). Fore and mid tibias with spines at dorso- and ventrolateral margins. Hind femur ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–B and 5A–B) posteriorly with 14-19 chevron ridges; from mid towards apex with several small tubercles; ventral margin serrated.
Abdomen. Male. Tergite 10 covered by stiff setae (hardly visible in dorsal view, in specimens preserved in alcohol it is necessary to stretch the last segment to see the structure completely); medially emarginated; medioapically with two hooks. Epiproct visible in dorsal view (if the last abdominal segment is stretched), triangular with rounded apex. Cercus setose, cylindrical, with anterior half robust and straight; posterior half curved towards pleural margin, with rounded apex; anterior half ranging from same length to 1.8 times shorter than posterior half length. Stylus curved, slender. Subgenital plate longer than wide, medially emarginated at apical margin.
Abdomen. Female. Like the male ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 A–E), except for: subgenital plate without medial emargination at posterior margin. Ovipositor smooth, dorsally curved. Cercus conspicuously smaller than in male, of similar shape but with curved portion at least three times shorter than straight portion.
Male Genitalia. Mostly membranous, dorsal-most external wall covered by several micro-setae; ejaculatory vesicles conspicuous, rounded; titillator’s process conspicuous, bifurcated at posterior margin, ranging approximately from half-length to dorsal-most posterior margin ( Figs. 2 View FIGURE 2 and 6 View FIGURE 6 ).
Coloration. General coloration dark brown, legs and last abdominal segments lighter. Head and thorax slightly shiny, with light brown spots ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 A–C and 5A–C).
Distribution. Colombian and Venezuelan Amazon ( Fig. 8 View FIGURE 8 ).
Comparison. Tintiyakus gen. nov. can be readily differentiated from all other genera in the subfamily by the presence of microtrichia in the pleural area, with exception of Hydrolutus, which also share this feature. From Hydrolutus, it can be differentiated by the medially emarginated tergite 10 posteriorly, cercus curved towards pleural region, stylus slender and by the medially emarginated posterior margin of the male subgenital plate (vs. non-emarginated tergite 10, nearly straight cercus, robust stylus and non-emarginated subgenital plate of Hydrolutus).
Enhancing the comparison between Tintiyakus gen. nov. and Hydrolutus, there is also difference between the habitat they inhabit. The new genus lives in the Amazon rainforest, in areas with rocks and streaming water, located between 200–400 m above sea level, whilst Hydrolutos inhabits the “Pantepui” region, which also has rocks and streaming water but a contrasting short vegetation, strong winds and is located between 1,500 –3,000 m above sea level ( Derka & Fedor 2010; Derka, Svitok & Fedor 2016).
Comments. Tintiyakus gen. nov. was previously referenced as “F2333 new genus Colombia ” in Vandergast et al. (2017), which studied the same specimen used to describe Tintiyakus trewicki Cadena-Castañeda sp. nov. This species was considered to be related to Exogryllacris Willemse, 1963 in their phylogenetic analysis.
Included species.
Tintiyakus piaroa Derka, Svitok & Fedor, 2016 comb. nov.;
Tintiyakus sexangulus Mendes, Heleodoro & Ramos-Pastrana sp. nov. (type species, pres. desig.);
Tintiyakus trewicki Cadena-Castañeda sp. nov.
Key to males of Tintiyakus View in CoL gen. nov.
1. Subgenital plate with a conspicuous emargination at posterior margin; cercus with anterior and posterior halves of similar width ( Figs. 5 View FIGURE 5 D–F and 7A–B)................................................................................ 2
- Subgenital plate with inconspicuous emargination at posterior margin; cercus with anterior half conspicuously wider than posterior half ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 C–F)........................................................ Tintiyakus sexangulus View in CoL sp. nov.
2. Subgenital plate with a “U” shaped emargination at posterior margin; cercus apex not reaching the stylus; stylus robust, with maximum half the length of the subgenital plate; ( Figs. 5 View FIGURE 5 D–F)............................ Tintiyakus trewicki View in CoL sp. nov.
- Subgenital plate with “V” shaped emargination at posterior margin; cercus apex reaching the stylus; stylus slender, with almost same length of the subgenital plate ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 )......................................... Tintiyakus piaroa View in CoL comb. nov.
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