Paruroctonus boreus (Girard, 1854)

Mcwest, Kari J., 2009, Tarsal spinules and setae of vaejovid scorpions (Scorpiones: Vaejovidae), Zootaxa 2001, pp. 1-126 : 26-34

Paruroctonus boreus

Basitarsus: Setae (19–21): S, 5–6, (3–4+2); DSM, 1; DPS, 1; DRS, 2; RS, 1; RV, 3–4; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 1. Spinules (20): RS, 10; RV, 9; V, 2.

Telotarsus: Setae (16): ri, 1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 1; rmt, 1; rs, 2; rst, 1; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 1; pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 1. Spinules (15–19: mean = 16.78; var = 0.91; sd = 0.96): ds, 2; vms, 7–11 (mean = 8.56; var = 1.14; sd = 1.07); bs, 5–10 (mean = 6.22; var = 1.51; sd = 1.23).

Specimens examined: ARIZONA: Coconino County: Gray Mountain , 1 m ( FMNH) . COLORADO: Mesa County: Grand Junction, 1 f ( FSCA) . IDAHO: Canyon County: Caldwell, 1 f ( FSCA) ; Fremont County: St. Anthony Sand Dunes , Parker, 1 m ( FSCA) . OREGON: “ Oregon ”, 1 f ( FSCA) ; Harney County, Mann’s Lake , 1 f, 2m ( FSCA) . UTAH: Uintah : Jenson, 1 m ( FMNH) .

Paruroctonus boreus (pale form)

( Figs. 25–29)

This sample may well represent the topotypic population of Paruroctonus boreus (see above).

Basitarsus: Setae (20): S, 6 (4+2)–6+ 2m; DSM, 1; DPS, 1; DRS, 1; RS, 1–1+ 3m; RV, 4+ 1m –4+ 3m; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 1. Spinules (19–29): RS, 11–13; RV, 8–16; V, 0.

Telotarsus: Setae (16): ri, 0–2 (1); rid, 1; rit, 2–3 (2); rm, 1; rmt, 1; rs, 2; rst, 1m; sa, 1m –1; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 2; pmt, 1–1+ 1m (1); ps, 0; pst, 1–2 (1). Spinules (12–19): ds, 2–3 (2); vms, 5–8 (8); bs, 5–9.

Specimens examined: UTAH: Tooele County: 0.5 mi S Knolls, 2 f, 2 m ( WDS) .

Paruroctonus silvestrii (Borelli)

( Figs. 30–34)

Basitarsus: Setae (19): S, 5 (3+2); DSM, 1+ 2m; DPS, 1; DRS, 1; RS, 1; RV, 5+ 1m, 5+ 1m, 5; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 1. Spinules (30–75): RS, 23, 30, 19; RV, 37, 43, 18; V, 2, 2, 3.

Telotarsus: Setae (15–16): ri, 0, 0, 1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 1; rmt, 1; rs, 1; rst, 1, 2, 1; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 1; pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 2, 2, 1; sa, 0, 0, 1. Spinules (20–24: mean = 22.17; var = 1.14; sd = 1.07): ds, 2–4 (mean = 2.50; var = 0.58; sd = 0.76); vms, 9–11 (mean = 9.83; var = 0.81; sd = 0.90); bs (loop), 7–12 (mean = 9.83; var = 1.14; sd = 1.07).

Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA: Inyo County: China Lake NAWS, Coso Village, 1 subadult f ( GP) , Owens Lake , 1 subadult f ( GP) ; Riverside County: Alandale Fire Station , 1 m ( UCR) , Idyllwild , 1 m ( UCR) ; San Diego County: Laguna Mountain , 1 f, 1 m ( FSCA) ; Santa Clara County: Santa Teresa County Park, 1 m ( WDS) .

II.3. becki microgroup

n = 1/1

The telotarsus of Paruroctonus becki differs from most other Paruroctonus in having only 1 retroinferior terminal seta ( Haradon 1985: 23).

Paruroctonus becki (Gertsch & Allred)

( Figs. 35–39)

Basitarsus: Setae (24): S, 6 (4+2); DSM, 1; DPS, 2; DRS, 2; RS, 1; RV, 6; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 1. Spinules (37): RS, 20; RV, 17; V, 0.

sd = 0.75); bs, 5–8 (mean = 6.33; var = 1.89; sd = 1.37).

Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA: Inyo County: Owens Lake Dunes, 1 f, 3 m ( GP) . NEVADA: Nye County: Mercury Nuclear Test Site , 2 paratype m ( FSCA) .

II.4. baergi microgroup

n = 3/5

Basitarsus: Members of the baergi microgroup examined have 22–27 setae on the examined surfaces: S, 7–10; distal lms, 3–4; RS (MRS), 0–1 (0 in P. arenicola nudipes , not examined); RV, 4–6; DRV, 2–3; V, 3; DV, 0–1. RS spinules, 8–17; RV spinules, 15–67; V spinules are typically absent.

Telotarsus: Total setal complement ranges 16–19: ri, 1; rid, 1; rit, 1–2 (1 in P. boquillas ); rm, 0–1; rmt, 1;

Paruroctonus baergi (Williams & Hadley) ( Figs. 40–44)

Basitarsus: Setae (27): S, 10 (8+2); DSM, 1; DPS, 1; DRS, 2; RS, 1; RV, 5+ 5m; DRV, 3; V, 3, DV, 0. Spinules (84): RS, 17; RV, 67; V, 0.

Telotarsus: Setae (16): ri, 1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 0; rmt, 1; rs, 2; rst, 2; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 1; pmt, 0; ps, 1; pst, 2. Spinules (18): ds, 2; vms, 9; bs, 7.

Specimens examined: MEXICO: Sonora: Puerto Peñasco , 1 paratype f ( FSCA) .

Paruroctonus boquillas Sissom & Henson ( Figs. 45–49)

seta. Several other specimens lack twinned setae. Paruroctonus boquillas is unique in the microgroup by having 2 proinferior terminal setae on the telotarsus.

Basitarsus: Setae (24, 26): S, 8, 9 (6+2, 7+2); DSM, 1, 2; DPS, 1; DRS, 1; RS, 1; RV, 6; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 1. Spinules (40): RS, 8; RV, 32; V, 0.

Telotarsus: Setae (18): ri, 1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 0; rmt, 1; rs, 3; rst, 1; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 2; pm, 1; pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 2. Spinules (16, 18): ds, 2; vms, 5, 6; bs, 9, 10.

Specimens examined: TEXAS: Brewster County: Big Bend National Park, Boquillas Canyon Dunes , 2 paratype f ( WDS) .

Paruroctonus utahensis (Williams)

( Figs. 8, 50–54)

Basitarsus: Setae (22): S, 8 (6+2); DSM, 1; DPS, 1; DRS, 1; RS, 1; RV, 4+ 1m, DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 1. Spinules (25): RS, 10; RV, 15; V, 0.

Telotarsus: Setae (19): ri, 1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 1; rmt, 1; rs, 2; rst, 2; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 1; pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 3. Spinules (13–20: mean = 16.12; var = 2.67; sd = 1.63): ds, 2; vms, 5–9 (mean = 6.92; var = 0.95; sd = 0.98); bs, 4–10 (mean = 7.20; var = 1.60; sd = 1.26).

III. stahnkei infragroup

The stahnkei infragroup contains four microgroups named after the following species of Paruroctonus ( Haradon 1985) : stahnkei , shulovi, borregoensis , and williamsi.

Basitarsus: Members of the stahnkei infragroup have 19–23 setae on the examined surfaces: S, 6–8 (9 in P. hirsutipes ); distal lms, 3; RS (MRS), 1; RV, 3–5, often with accessories; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 0–1. RS spinules (from direct observations) 11–21; RV spinules, 23–35; V spinules are typically absent.

ment ranges 9–21: ri, 0–1; rid, 1; rit, 1–2; rm, 1–2; rmt, 1–2; rs, 1–3; rst, 0–3; pi, 1; pid, 1; pmt,; pm, 0–1; pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 1. Spinule series: d s, 2; vms, 6–8; bs, 4–7.

III.1. stahnkei microgroup

n = 1/1

Paruroctonus stahnkei (Gertsch & Soleglad)

( Figs. 55–59)

The specimens from Sonora lack retroinferior setae on the telotarsus.

Basitarsus: Setae (18–19): S, 6 (4+2)–6+ 1m (6); DSM, 1; DPS, 1; DRS, 1; RS, 1; RV, 3+ 1m –4 (3+ 1m); DRV, 2; V, 2; DV, 1. Spinules (28–51): RS, 11–21; RV, 17–30; V, 0–1.

Telotarsus: Setae (11–14): ri, 0–1; rid, 1; rit, 1; rm, 1; rmt, 1; rs, 2; rst, 0; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 0–1 (0); pmt, 1; ps, 1–2 (2); pst, 0. Spinules (12–15): ds, 2; vms, 6–7 (mean = 6.40; var = 0.33; sd = 0.55); basals, 4–6 (mean = 5.60; var = 0.80; sd = 0.89).

III.3. borregoensis microgroup

n = 1/9

Basitarsus: The borregoensis microgroup has 18–20 setae on the examined surfaces: S, 6–7; distal lms, 3; RS (MRS), 1; RV, 3–4; DRV, 2; V, 2–3; DV, 1. RS spinules, 11–16; RV spinules, 10–14; V spinules are typically absent.

Telotarsus: Superior terminal setae not located on superoterminal lobe, except on Paruroctonus ammonastes Haradon, 1984 and P. hirsutipes Haradon, 1984 (neither was examined: see Haradon 1984b: 324). Total setal complement ranges 13–21: ri, 0–1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 1–2; rmt, 1–2; rs, 1–3; rst, 1–3; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 1; pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 1. Spinule series: d s, 2 (rarely 4); vms, 6–9; bs, 3–9.

Paruroctonus luteolus (Gertsch & Soleglad)

Haradon reported that “moderately large extraneous setae” (1984b: 324) are often found amid the superior series of basitarsus III. In all specimens examined, 2 minor setae are present in the same positions. Two minor setae are also present amid the retroventral series. On one female, the retroinferior seta on the telotarsus is represented by a darkened, distally curved microseta.

Basitarsus: Setae (18–20): S, 6 (4+2); DSM, 1; DPS, 1; DRS, 1; RS, 1; RV, 3–4; DRV, 2; V, 2–3; DV, 1. Spinules (21–30): RS, 11–16; RV, 10–14; V, 0.

Telotarsus: Setae (13–14): ri, 0–1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 1m; rmt, 1; rs, 1; rst, 1; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 1; pm, 0; pmt, 1; ps, 1m, 1; pst, 1. Spinules (13–20: mean = 17.10; var = 3.29; sd = 1.81): ds, 2–4 (mean = 2.2; var = 0.36; sd = 0.60); vms, 6–9 (mean = 8.10; var = 1.09; sd = 1.04); bs, 3–9 (mean = 6.80; var = 2.96; sd = 1.72).

Specimens examined: CALIFORNIA: Riverside County: Palm Springs , 5 f, 5 m ( WDS) .

III.4. williamsi microgroup

n = 1/3

Basitarsus: The williamsi microgroup generally has 20–22 setae on the examined surfaces: S, 6–8 ( Haradon 1985); distal lms, 3; RS (MRS), 1; RV, 5; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 0. RS spinules, 8–12; RV spinules, 35–36; V spinules are typically absent.

Telotarsus: The retrosuperior setae are set far back from the terminal positions. Total setal complement, 15–16: ri, 1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 1; rmt, 1; rs, 2; rst, 0; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 2; pm, 0–1 ( Haradon 1985); pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 1. Spinule series ( P.pecos ): d s 2; vms, 8; bs, 7.

Paruroctonus pecos Sissom & Francke

Basitarsus: Setae (20): S, 6 (4+2); DSM, 1; DPS, 1; DRS, 1; RS, 1; RV, 5; DRV, 2; V, 3; DV, 0. Spinules (47): RS, 12; RV, 35; V, 0.

Telotarsus: Setae (15): ri, 1; rid, 1; rit, 2; rm, 1; rmt, 1; rs, 2; rst, 0; pi, 1; pid, 1; pit, 2; pm, 0; pmt, 1; ps, 1; pst, 1. Spinules (17): ds, 2; vms, 8; bs (arc), 7.

Specimens examined: NEW MEXICO: Quay County, 1 f (WDS).