Glyptapanteles johnlasallei Arias-Penna, sp. nov.

Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina, Whitfield, James B., Janzen, Daniel H., Winifred Hallwachs,, Dyer, Lee A., Smith, M. Alex, Hebert, Paul D. N. & Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., 2019, A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador, ZooKeys 890, pp. 1-685 : 1

Glyptapanteles johnlasallei Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 129 , 130

Female.

Body length 2.77 mm, antenna length 3.33 mm, fore wing length 2.92 mm.

Type material.

Holotype: COSTA RICA • 1♀; 08-SRNP-65265, DHJPAR0030873; Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector Brasilia, Piedrona ; rain forest; 340 m; 11.01618, -85.35902; 17.iii.2008; Duvalier Briceño leg.; caterpillar collected in second instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 24.iii.2008; adult parasitoid emerged on 27.iii.2008; ( CNC) . Paratypes. • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-65261, DHJPAR0030867; same data as for holotype except: adult parasitoid emerged on 31.iii.2008; ( CNC). • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-65270, DHJPAR0030779; same data as for holotype except: small brown cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 29.iii.2008 ; adult parasitoid emerged on 04.iv.2008; ( CNC). • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-65271, DHJPAR0030766; same data as for holotype except: adult parasitoid emerged on 31.iii.2008; ( CNC) .

Other material.

Reared material. COSTA RICA: Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Estación Pitilla: • 1 (0 ♀, 1♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 05-SRNP-31758, DHJPAR0002318; rain forest; 675 m; 10.98931, -85.42581; 07.v.2005 ; gusaneros leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; a single beige cocoon adhered to larva and leaf substrate; adult parasitoid emerged on 11.v.2005.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Loaiciga: • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-32825, DHJPAR0020273; rain forest; 445 m; 11.01983, -85.41342; 18.vii.2007; Petrona Rios leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 4.vii.2007; caterpillar still alive; adult parasitoid emerged on 31.vii.2007.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Colocho : • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 07-SRNP-31412, DHJPAR0012895; rain forest; 375 m; 11.02367, -85.41884; 21.ii.2007; Petrona Rios leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; a single beige relatively smooth cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoid emerged on 11.iii.2007. • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂ in pieces); 07-SRNP-32626, DHJPAR0020264; same data as for preceding except: 12.vi.2007 ; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 15.vi.2007; cocoon characteristics not reported; adult parasitoid emerged on 27.vi.2007.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla , Quebradona : • 1 (1♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 0 ♂); 09-SRNP-70346, DHJPAR0035517; rain forest; 475 m; 10.99102, -85.39539; 09.v.2009; Ronald Siezar leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; small brown hard cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 12.v.2009; adult parasitoid emerged on 25.v.2009. • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 10-SRNP-72979, DHJPAR0042012; same data as for preceding except: 25.ix.2010; Ricardo Calero leg. ; caterpillar collected in fourth instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 01.x.2010; cocoon characteristics not reported; adult parasitoid emerged on 10.x.2010.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Pitilla, Cano: • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 11-SRNP-70915, DHJPAR0043109; rain forest; 490 m; 10.9954, -85.39980; 26.iv.2011; Ricardo Calero leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 05.v.2011; adult parasitoid emerged on 17.v.2011.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Del Oro, Guacimos : • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (1♀, 0 ♂); 08-SRNP-20609, DHJPAR0020722; dry-rain intergrade forest; 380 m; 11.01454, -85.47492; 15.ii.2008; Elieth Cantillano leg. ; caterpillar collected in second instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 19.ii.2008; adult parasitoid emerged on 02.iii.2008.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Guanacaste, Sector Del Oro, Quebrada Lajosa : • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂); 09-SRNP-21378, DHJPAR0041633; dry-rain intergrade forest; 400 m; 11.03306, -85.42876; 09.vi.2009; Elieth Cantillano leg. ; caterpillar collected in third instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoid emerged on 19.vi.2008.

Área de Conservación Guanacaste, Alajuela, Sector Brasilia, Moga: • 1 (0 ♀, 0 ♂) (0 ♀, 1♂ in pieces); 08-SRNP-65661, DHJPAR0031115; rain forest; 320 m; 11.01227, -85.34929; 01.vii.2008; Duvalier Briceño leg. ; caterpillar collected in second instar; cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate and formed on 03.vii.2008; adult parasitoid emerged on 10.vii.2008.

Diagnosis.

Edges of median area on T2 polished and followed by a deep groove ( Figs 129G , 130E ), scutellar punctation only on distal half ( Fig. 129D, F ), in lateral view, metasoma laterally compressed ( Figs 129A, H , 130A , 130G ), inner margin of eyes straight throughout ( Figs 129B , 130B ), petiole on T1 finely sculptured only laterally ( Figs 129G , 130E ), propodeum without median longitudinal carina ( Fig. 129F ), lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 ( Figs 129G , 130E ), and fore wing with outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins not forming a stub ( Fig. 129J ).

Coloration

( Fig. 129 A–K ). General body coloration black except first five proximal antennal flagellomeres dorsally lighter (light brown) than ventrally (dark brown), remaining flagellomeres dark brown on both sides; scape and pedicel yellow-brown and with lateral light brown areas; labrum and mandibles yellow-brown; glossa, maxillary and labial palps, and tegulae yellow. Eyes gray and ocelli reddish (in preserved specimen). Fore and middle legs yellow black except coxae and brown claws; hind legs yellow except black coxae, distal half of the femora brown and proximal half orange-yellow, most of tibiae and tarsomeres brown although basitarsus with a narrow yellow band proximally. Petiole on T1 black and sublateral areas yellow; T2 with median area black, adjacent area dark brown (both areas forming a rectangle-shaped) and lateral ends yellow; T3 mostly brown with lateral ends brown; T4 and beyond completely brown; distally each tergum with a yellowish transparent band. In lateral view, T1-3 completely yellow; T4 yellow, dorsally brown; T5 and beyond brown. S1-4 completely yellow; penultimate sternum and hypopygium completely brown.

Description.

Head ( Fig. 129 A–C ). Head rounded with pubescence long and dense. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.24:0.08, 0.23:0.08, 0.23:0.08), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.14:0.06, 0.11:0.06), antenna longer than body (3.33, 2.77); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face with fine punctate, with depression only laterally, interspaces with microsculpture and longitudinal median carina present. Frons smooth. Temple wide, punctate and interspaces wavy. Inner margin of eyes straight throughout; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.09, 0.12). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide.

Mesosoma ( Fig. 129A, D–F ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum proximally convex and distally flat, punctation distinct throughout, interspaces with microsculpture. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS, scutellar punctation present only distal half, in profile scutellum flat and on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS not overlapping the MPM; ATS demilune inner side with a row of foveae; dorsal ATS groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation depressed centrally, smooth and shiny. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM; PFM thick, smooth and with a distal flat flange; ATM proximally with a groove with some sculpturing and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, proximal half curved with medium-sized sculpture and distal half relatively polished; distal edge of propodeum with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle without distal carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum smooth, but both dorsal and ventral furrows with short parallel carinae. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron straight/angulate or nearly so; precoxal groove deep with faintly transverse lineate sculpture; epicnemial ridge convex, teardrop-shaped.

Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus slightly excavated and with a tiny curved seta, fore telotarsus almost same width throughout and longer than fourth tarsomere (0.12, 0.06). Hind coxa with punctation only on ventral surface and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia longer than outer spur (0.31, 0.21), entire surface of hind tibia with dense strong spines clearly differentiated by color and length. Hind telotarsus as equal in length as fourth tarsomere (0.13, 0.12).

Wings ( Fig. 129J, K ). Fore wing with r vein curved; 2RS vein slightly concave; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction not forming a stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with a small smooth area; vein 2CUa absent and vein 2CUb spectral; vein 2 cu-a absent; vein 2-1A present only proximally as tubular vein; tubular vein 1 cu-a straight, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe narrow, subdistally and subproximally straightened, and setae present only proximally.

Metasoma ( Fig. 129A, G–I ). Metasoma laterally compressed. Petiole finely sculptured only laterally, parallel-sided in proximal half and then narrowing (length 0.41, maximum width 0.22, minimum width 0.10) and with scattered pubescence concentrated in the first distal third. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 (length median area 0.16, length T2 0.16), edges of median area polished and lateral grooves deep, median area broader than long (length 0.16, maximum width 0.32, minimum width 0.10), T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.24, 0.16) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense.

Cocoon. Beige or brown oval cocoon with ordered silk fibers, but covered by a net. Cocoon adhered to the leaf substrate.

Comments.

In some specimens, the petiole, the median area on T2 and the terga are polished black. In other specimens, laterally the metasoma coloration is yellow-brown instead of yellow. The maximum width of median area on T2 is wider in comparison with other species. Both sexes with stout bodies.

Male

( Fig. 130 A–G ). The coloration on the femora is nearly completely black. Dorsally, the petiole is black, the sublateral areas are yellow-brown/light brown and the median area on T2 as well as the remaining terga are dark brown. The S1-4 are yellow, although medially they are brown, and the remaining sterna brown.

Etymology.

John La Salle (25 February 1951 - 27 May 2018) was an entomologist interested in the systematics of parasitoid Hymenoptera using new technology for the generation and delivery of insect knowledge. He worked with the CSIRO (The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) and played a key role in establishing the "Atlas of Living Australia ".

Distribution.

Parasitized caterpillars were collected in Costa Rica, ACG, Sector Brasilia (Moga and Piedrona), Sector Del Oro (Guacimos and Quebrada Lajosa), and Sector Pitilla (Cano, Colocho, Estación Pitilla, Loaiciga, and Quebradona ), during May 2005, February and June-July 2007, February-March and July 2008, May-June 2009, October 2010, and April 2011 at 320 m, 340 m, 375 m, 380 m, 400 m, 445 m, 475 m, 490 m, and 675 m in rain and dry-rain intergrade forests.

Biology.

The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is solitary.

Host.

Sericochroa sp. Felder ( Notodontidae : Heterocampinae) feeding on Vochysia ferruginea and V. guatemalensis ( Vochysiaceae ). Caterpillars were collected in second, third, and fourth instar.

Figures

Figure 129. Glyptapanteles johnlasallei sp. nov. female 07 - SRNP- 32561 DHJPAR 0020272, 08 - SRNP- 65265 DHJPAR 0030873 A Habitus B, C Head B Dorsal view E Lateral view D Mesonotum, dorsal view E Mesosoma, lateral view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T 1 - 3, dorsal view H Metasoma, lateral view I Genitalia: hypopygium, ovipositor, ovipositor sheaths, lateral view J, K Wings J Fore K Hind.

Figure 130. Glyptapanteles johnlasallei sp. nov. male 05 - SRNP- 31758 DHJPAR 0002318, 08 - SRNP- 65270 DHJPAR 0030779 A Habitus B, C Head B Frontal view C Dorsal view D Mesosoma, lateral view E T 1 - 2, dorsal view F Genitalia: parameres, ventral view G Metasoma, lateral view.