Hesperentomon fopingense, Bu, Yun, Shrubovych, Julia & Yin, Wen Ying, 2011

Bu, Yun, Shrubovych, Julia & Yin, Wen Ying, 2011, Two new species of genus Hesperentomon Price, 1960 (Protura, Hesperentomidae) from Northern China, Zootaxa 2885, pp. 55-64 : 56-59

Hesperentomon fopingense sp. nov.

Figs. 1–14 , Tables 1–2

Material examined. Holotype, female (No. 90-1), collected in shrubwood of Liangfengya, Foping County, Shaanxi Province, China, 33°33' N 107°54' E, elev. 2000 m, 24 July 1998. Paratype, 1 male (No. 90-2), same data as holotype; 1 male (No. 82-1), collected in coniferous forest of Weituogou, Liuba County, Shaanxi Province, China, 33°36' N 106°55' E, about elev. 1600 m, 21 July 1998. Other materials: 1 maturus junior (No. 107-12), collected in shrubwood of Huoditang, Ningshan County, Shaanxi Province, China, 33°26' N 108°26' E, elev. 1700 m, 28 July 1998; 1 larva II (No. 91-1), same data as holotype. All specimens were collected by Dr. Fu Rong-Shu. Type specimens are deposited in Shanghai Entomological Museum (SEM).

Description. Adult body length 1300–1475 µm (n=3). Head elliptic, length 168–195 µm, width 113–130 µm. Median setae long, other setae short. Labrum not protruded. Head with submedial and sublateral additional setae; 5 pores present: one anteromedian pore, one pair medial to pseudocelli, one pair posterior to m5 seta ( Fig. 1 ). Pseudoculus pear-shaped, wide, with short, slender posterior extension, length 15–18 µm, width 13–15 µm. PR=10–14 ( Figs. 2, 3 ). Canal of maxillary gland with sausage-like calyx, posterior end slightly swollen, posterior dilation about equal to length of calyx ( Fig. 4 ). CF=3.4–3.9. Maxillary palpus with two tapering sensilla, subequal in length ( Fig. 5 ). Labial palpus well developed, without basal sensillum.

Dorsal Ventral

Segment Formula Composition Formula Composition

Thorax I 4 1, 2 4 − 2 A1 ,2, M

P1, 2 ,3 6

II 6 A2, 4, M 6 − 2 A1, 2 ,3, M P1, 1a, 2 ,2a, 3, 4, 5, 5 a,5a ' Pc, 1, 2 18 5

III 6 A2, 4, M 8 − 2 A1, 2, 3 ,4, M P1, 1a, 2 ,2a, 3, 4, 5, 5 a Pc, 1, 2 16 5

IX 14 1 ,1a, 2 ,2a, 3 ,3a, 4 6 1 ,1a, 2

X 14 1, 1a,2, 2 a,3, 3 a,4 6 1, 1 a, 2

XI 8 1,2,3,4 6 1, 1 a, 2

XII 9 8

Bold —primary and secondary setae; normal—tertiary setae; italic —setae added in adult stage.

Thoracic chaetotaxy formula as shown in Table 1. Mesonotum with two pairs of anterior setae (A2, A4) and nine pairs of posterior setae; P5a and P5a' minute. P5a on metanotum minute ( Fig. 8 ). Prosternum with anterior seta A2. Length ratio of P1: P1a: P2 on mesonotum as 2–2.5: 1: 3–4. Pronotum without pores. Meso- and metanota with pores sm. Sternites of thorax each with single median pore, situated on prosternum posterior to level of seta M, on meso- and metasterna anterior to level of setae M. All setae on thoracic sternites setiform.

Foretarsal length 113–128 µm, claw length 35–40 µm, inner flap present, TR =3.2; empodium length 5 µm, EU=0.13–0.14. Dorsal sensilla t-1 and t-2 long, slender, BS=0.76–0.80; t-3 lanceolate. Exterior sensilla a, b, c, d, e, f and g lanceolate, of varying lengths. Interior sensilla a', b'-1, b'-2, c'-1 and c'-2 also lanceolate and of different lengths. Relative length of sensilla: (f = b'-2) <b'-1 <(b = a' = c'-1 = t-3) <e <(c = d = g) <c'-2 <a <t-2 <t-1 ( Figs. 9, 10 ). Length of middle tarsus 55–60 µm, claw length 22–26 µm. Length of hind tarsus 63–75 µm, claw length 25–30 µm.

Abdominal chaetotaxy as shown in Table 1. Urotergite I with two pairs of anterior setae (A1, A2) and six pairs of posterior setae. Urotergites II–VI with four pairs of anterior setae (A1, A2, A4, A5) and eight pairs of posterior setae, P1a present. Posterior central seta Pc present on urosternites IV–VII (9 P- setae). Urotergites I–III with pores psm, psl, al and pl, Urotergites IV–VII with pores psm, psl and al. Abdominal legs typical of the genus, each with two segments and four setae. Urosternites I with one medial pore, IV–VII each with 1 medial pore and 1 pair of lateral pores ( Fig. 7 ).

Striate band on abdominal segment VIII reduced, hind margin with scattered granulation. Urotergite VIII with pores psm. Comb on abdomen VIII rectangular, with 10 teeth ( Fig. 6 ). Bases of setae on segments X–XII without surrounding ciliation. Urotergite IX without pores, X–XII with single medial pore. Urosternite VIII with single medial pore, IX with three pores, X with single medial pore, XI without pores, XII with 1+1 anterolateral pores ( Figs. 11, 12 ).

Female squama genitalis robust. Each acrostylus with one rounded flap on its inner side ( Fig. 13 ). Male squama genitalis with 3+3 setae on dorsal side and 2+2 setae on ventral side ( Fig. 14 ).

Younger instars. Measurements and indexes of younger instars given in Table 2 . Maturus junior and larva II without foretarsal sensillum b'-1.

Etymology. The specific name is derived from Foping County, where the holotype was collected.

Distribution. Shaanxi (Foping, Liuba, Ningshan), China.

Diagnosis. Hesperentomon fopingense sp. nov. is characterized by presence of P1a and P2a setae on meso- and metanotum and urotergites II–VI to give 16 setae; presence of seta Pc on urosternites IV–VII; presence of foretarsal sensillum b'-2; long, slender sensilla t-1 and t-2; presence of a rounded flap on each femal acrostylus.

This new species is similar to H. martynovae Szeptycki 1988 , H. septemseum Bu & Yin 2007 , H. guiyangense Tang & Yin 1991 and H. kuratai Imadaté 1989 in presence of foretarsal sensillum b'-2 and in the chaetotaxy of urotergites II–VI (8 anterior, 16 posterior setae). It differs from the first three species in having more setae on the meso- and metasterna (6 and 8 A -setae, respectively, in H. fopingense sp. nov., 4 and 6 A -setae in other three species). From H. kuratai the new species differs in the shape of foretarsal sensilla t-1 and t-2 (short and thick in H. kuratai , long and thin in H. fopingense sp. nov.); number of P -setae on meso- and metanotum (16 and 14 in H. kuratai , 18 and 16 in H. fopingense sp. nov., respectively) and number of P-setae on urotergite I (14 P -setae in H. kuratai , 12 in H. fopingense sp. nov.).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Hesperentomon fopingense sp. nov. 1. Head, dorsal view (m = medial, pps = postpseudocular seta, sma = submedial additional seta, sla = sublateral additional seta). 2 – 3. Pseudoculi. 4. Canals of maxillary glands. 5. Maxillary palpus. 6. Comb on abdominal segment VIII. 7. Urosternite VII. 8. Pro-, meso- and metanota. 9. Foretarsus, exterior view. 10. Foretarsus, interior view. Arrows show pores. Fig. 3 from paratype No. 90 - 2, others from holotype.

FIGURES 11 – 14. Hesperentomon fopingense sp. nov. Holotype. 11. Urotergites VIII – XII. 12. Urosternites VIII – XII. 13. Female squama genitalis. 14. Male squama genitalis. Arrows show pores.

Tables

TABLE 2. Body measurements (in µm) and indexes of younger instars of Hesperentomon fopingense sp. nov. and H. dunhuaense sp. nov.

Body length Head length Pseudoculus length	H. fopingense Maturus junior 1113 150 13	Larva II 1075 158 13	H. dunhuaense Maturus junior Larva II 850 780 90 90 11 11
PR	12	13	8.2 8.2
CF Mesonotal P1 Mesonotal P1a	4 20 10	3.9 22 10	6 7.5 11 11 - -
Mesonotal P2 Foretarsus length	30 90	32 100	14 14 60 50
BS	0.71	0.74	0.94 0.92
Claw length TR Empodium length	28 3.3 3.8	30 3.3 2.5	15 14 4 3.6 5 3
EU Middle tarsus length Hind tarsus length	0.14 50 55	0.10 55 58	0.33 0.21 25 23 28 25
Specimens examined	1	1	1 1