Schizomyia macrocapillata Maia, 2005

Maia, Valéria Cid & Fernandes, G. Wilson, 2005, Two new species of Asphondyliini (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) associated with Bauhinia brevipes (Fabaceae) in Brazil, Zootaxa 1091 (1), pp. 27-40 : 33-37

Schizomyia macrocapillata Maia sp. n.

( Figs.16–32 )

Adult. Body length: 1.8–2.3 mm in male (n = 5); 2.4–2.45 mm in female (n = 2, from vertex to posterior margin of tergite 8). Head ( Figs. 16, 17 ): Eye facets hexagonal, closely appressed. Antenna with scape cylindrical, elongate, setose, pedicel globose, setose, male and female flagellomeres cylindrical, flagellomere necks short and bare. Male flagellomeres 9–12 subequal in length ( Fig. 18 ); female flagellomeres 9–12 progressively and conspicuously shortened ( Fig. 19 ). Flagellomeres 1 and 2 not connate. Circumfila sinuous in male ( Fig. 20 ) and linear in female ( Fig. 21 ). Frontoclypeus with 14–16 setae. Labrum long­attenuate with 2 pairs of ventral sensory setae. Hypopharynx of same shape as labrum, with long, anteriorly directed lateral setulae. Labella hemispherical, each with several lateral setae and 2 pairs of short mesal sensory setae. Palpus with 4 setose segments: first segment globose, others cylindrical.

Thorax: Anepimeron setose, other pleural sclerites asetose. Wing length (from arculus to apex): 1.45–1.60 mm in male (n = 5); 1.9 mm in female (n = 2). First tarsomere without apical spur. Tarsal claws simple, bent beyond midlength; empodia well developed, as long as bend in claws ( Fig. 22 ).

Abdomen. Male ( Fig. 23 ): tergites 1–7 rectangular with complete row of posterior setae, several lateral setae, 2 basal trichoid sensilla and elsewhere with scattered scales. Tergite 8 linear with only 2 trichoid sensilla as vestiture. Sternites 2–7 rectangular with setae more abundant at midlength, complete row of posterior setae and 2 basal trichoid sensilla; sternite 8 ovoid with several scattered setae and 2 basal trichoid sensilla. Female ( Fig. 24 ): tergites 1–6 as in male; tergite 7 rectangular with setae more abundant at midlength, complete row of posterior setae and 2 basal trichoid sensilla; tergite 8 notched laterally with only 2 basal trichoid sensilla as vestiture. Sternites 2–6 as in male. Sternite 7 much longer than preceding sternite, with rounded margins, scattered setae and 2 basal trichoid sensilla. Sternite 8 not sclerotized.

Male terminalia ( Fig. 25 ): gonocoxites narrow and setose, with apical lobe; gonostylus short cylindrical and setose; cercus reniform, completely separate and setose; hypoproct bilobed and setose; parameres present; aedeagus triangular, tapering gradually toward apex, rounded apically.

Ovipositor ( Fig. 26 ) protrusible, 1.3 mm long (from distal margin of tergite 7 to end), (n = 1), needle part 1.9 as long as sternite 7. Cercus distinct, fused.

Pupa. Color: pale. Length: 1.9–2.3 mm (n = 4). Head ( Fig. 27 ): antennal base thickened; cephalic seta 0.09–0.1 mm long (n = 4); face without horns; 2 pairs of lower facial papillae (1 pair asetose and other pair with seta 0.06–0.08 mm long, n = 4); 3 pairs of lateral facial papillae (1 pair with seta 0.005 mm long and 2 pairs asetose). Upper cephalic margin thickened laterally. Thorax: prothoracic spiracle digitiform, elongate and slightly curved, 0.06–0.09 mm long (n = 4) ( Fig. 28 ). Abdomen ( Fig. 29 ): segments 2–7 with several conspicuous dorsal spines and anteriorly to them, several short spines and many spinules; segment 8 with shorter dorsal spines and spinules; segment 9 without spines.

Larva. Body elongate cylindrical and tapered at both ends. Color: yellow. Length: 2.7 mm (n = 1). Integument rough. Spatula with 2 well­developed teeth and long stalk; sternal papillae setose; 3 pairs of lateral papillae on each side of spatula ( Fig.30 ) (2 pairs setose, 1 pair asetose). Abdominal segment 8 with medial projection bearing pair of papillae setose; terminal segment convex, with 4 pairs of papillae (1 pair corniform, 3 pairs setiform) ( Fig. 31 ).

Gall ( Fig. 32 ). The spherical gall is on the adaxial leaf surface, has a cover of long orange to reddish hairs, and is single chambered. A single larva is found inside the gall. At the beginning of gall formation, the trichomes are whitish­pinkish but change color as the gall matures. When exposed directly to sunlight, the trichomes become reddish­orange.

Material examined. Holotype male. BRAZIL, Minas Gerais: Três Marias , XII.2004, F. Almeida leg., MNRJ . Paratypes: same data as holotype: 3 males and 2 females. Same locality, 02.XI.2004, G. W. Fernandes leg.: 7 males, 3 pupae, 1 pupal exuvia and 1 larva. Pirapitinga, II.1999, G. W. Fernandes leg.: 2 males and 4 pupal exuviae, MNRJ .

Etymology. The name macrocapillata is composed of makros (long) + capillus (hair), and refers to the presence of the long hairs on the gall surface.

Remarks. Schizomyia macrocapillata is easily distinguished from other Schizomyia species , mainly due to the presence of a distinct female cercus. Additionally, male tergite 8 is linear and asetose with two trichoid sensilla, the ovipositor is 1.3 mm long, the larva has setose sternal papillae, and the pupa has the antennal base thickened. Previous studies on these galls identified the gall­inducing insect as Contarinia ( Fernandes & Price 1992; Cornelissen et al. 1997, 2002; Fernandes & Cornelissen 1997; Fernandes 1998; Cornelissen & Fernandes, 2001a, 2001b, 2000c; Fernandes et al. 2000), probably an inquiline.

Figures

FIGURE 32. Galls of Schizomyia macrocapillata sp. n. on Bauhinia brevipes.

FIGURES 16–21. Schizomyia macrocapillata sp. n. 16. Male head (frontal). 17. Female head (frontal). 18. Male antennal flagellomeres 9­12. 19. Female antennal flagellomeres 8­12. 20. Male antennal flagellomere 5. 21. Female antennal flagellomere 5.

FIGURES 22–24. Schizomyia macrocapillata sp. n. 22. Female midtarsal claw and empodium (lateral). 23. Male abdominal segment 5 to end (dorsolateral). 24. Female abdominal segment 6 to end (dorsolateral).

FIGURES 25–28. Schizomyia macrocapillata sp. n. 25. Male terminalia (dorsal). 26. Female tergite 8 and ovipositor. 27. Pupal head (frontal). 28. Pupal prothoracic spiracle.

FIGURES 29–31. Schizomyia macrocapillata sp. n. 29. Pupal terminal segments (dorsal). 30. Larval spatula and associated papillae. 31. Larval terminal segments.