Neoperla adamantea Murányi & Li, 2015

Murányi, Dávid, Li, Weihai, Jeon, Mi Jeong, Hwang, Jeong Mi & Seo, Hong Yul, 2015, Korean species of the genus Neoperla Needham, 1905 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) *, Zootaxa 3918 (1), pp. 113-127 : 114-116

Neoperla adamantea Murányi & Li , sp. n.

( Figs. 1–6 , 10–11 , 41 )

Diagnosis. General colour pale, head with two dark patches, ocelli not widely separated. Male terminalia with large posterior process on T7, and an apically narrow and erect mesal sclerite on T8. T9 unmodified, T10 hemitergal process moderately long. Aedeagal tube with a triangular dorsobasal sclerite and with a large ventroapical lobe that bears large spines posteriorly. Aedeagal sac long and covered with fine spinules on its dorsal and lateral surfaces, with three longitudinal fields of strong spines positioned medioventrally and laterally. Vagina small, bearing claw-shaped sclerite and moderately large spermatheca.

Type material. Holotype male: NORTH KOREA: Kangwon Province, Kosŏng-gun, Kumgang Mts., Onjongri, at light in canopied coniferous forest by Hotel Kumgang (locality No.351), N38°40’ E128°15’, 09.VII.1977, leg. Olivér György Dely, Ágnes Dely-Draskovits ( NIBR; terminalia and aedeagus cleared in KOH and stored in the same vial). Paratype female: Kangwon Province, Kosǒng-gun, Kumgang Mts., collected along the way to Kuryong Falls (locality No.584), N38°40’ E128°10’, 26.IX.1979, leg. Henrik Steinmann, Tamás Vásárhelyi: 1♀ ( HNHM: PLP4352; terminalia cleared in KOH and stored in the same vial).

Description. Medium sized species. Macropterous, forewing length of holotype male: 12.0 mm, paratype female: 13.5 mm. General colour pale. Setation generally consists of soft hairs, strong setae are on ventral keels of femora and ventral surface of cercal segments. Head yellowish, with a triangular, dark brown patch between the ocelli and a small one anterior to the M-line ( Fig. 1 ). Tentorial callosities and M-line indistinct; wrinkles present between M-line and the lateral margins. Both eyes and ocelli large and black, distance between ocelli about ½ as wide as diameter of one ocellus. Antenna and palpi not darker than head. Pronotum square, anterior edges slightly angled; narrower than head with eyes; ground colour yellow, with a longitudinal brown stripe medially and dark transverse anterior and posterior lines; rugosities large but obscure. Meso- and metanotum brownish. Legs pale, knees and tarsi darker; tibiae slightly dilated. Wings hyaline, costa yellow, other veins brown.

Male terminalia ( Figs. 2–3 ): Sterna simple, S9 broadly truncate. Terga 2–6 simple, with entire antecosta. Posterior process of T7 as wide as half of the segment’s width, with a separated rectangular patch that bears sensilla basiconica mixed with thin hairs, and a posterior, bold and well sclerotized arch. Tergum 8 possesses and erect mesal sclerite that bears a row of sensilla basiconica on its anterio-apical keel; base of the sclerite wide, erect apex about one seventh of segment’s width. Tergum 9 with medially interrupted antecosta, otherwise unmodified. Hemiterga of tergum 10 bent in dorsal, not raised in lateral view; hemitergal lobe with a ventral patch of sensilla basiconica meso-posteriorly. Hemitergal process moderately long, points backwards and inwards, slightly curved basally.

Aedeagus ( Figs. 4–6 ): Aedeagal tube plump, with a triangular dorsobasal sclerite, a small ventrobasal hump and a large, spherical ventroapical lobe. Basolateral surface covered with scarse, fine spinules, otherwise the tube without spines to the ventroapical lobe. Lobe wider than high, bearing large spines on its posterior surface, anteriorly without spines. Everted aedeagal sac bent dorsad, longer than tube. Sac covered with fine spinules on most of its dorsal and lateral surface, ventrally spinules are present only on the basal ¼. Sac armed with strong spines arranged in three longitudinal fields: a ventromedian one runs from the basal ⅓ of the sac up to the apex, two lateral fields run from ventral to dorsal direction in the apical ⅓ of the sac. The separated, slightly upcurved apex of the sac without spines.

Female terminalia ( Figs. 10–11 ): Sterna and terga simple, posterior edge of S8 forms a small, triangular subgenital plate. Vagina small, longer than wide and with few membranous folds. Inner sclerite small and without apical lobes, basal portion forked. Claw-shaped sclerite present, large and double curved in lateral view. Spermatheca moderately large, attached to claw-shaped sclerite.

Egg and larva: unknown.

Affinities. This is a member of the montivaga group, lushana subgroup as recognized by Zwick & Sivec (1980). Arrangement of strong spines on aedeagal sac is similar to other members of the group, e.g. the Russian Far East species N. zhiltzovae Teslenko, 2012 and the Taiwanese N. signatalis Banks, 1937 . However, presence of a single, large ventroapical lobe of the tube and lack of lobes on sac easily distinguish it from those species. Development of the vagina is typical for the lushana subgroup, which can be distinguished from related species of the niponensis complex by the moderately large spermatheca. The habitus, coloration and male terminalia of the new species are similar to many other Palaearctic Neoperla . The female was associated with the male on the basis of similar coloration, and distance between ocelli smaller than diameter of one ocellus, which distinguishes N. adamantea from the coexisting N. goguryeo Murányi & Li , sp. n.

Distribution and ecology. The species was collected only in the lower region of the Kumgang Mountains, sympatric with N. goguryeo sp. n. These mountains form the northern portion of the Thebaek Ranges that transverse along the central-eastern coast of the Korean Peninsula ( Fig. 41 ). It is probably a species of large streams that are numerous in the region, but there are no rivers in the vicinity of the type locality.

Etymology. The name adamantea (from the Latin word adamanteus, means originated or made of diamond) refers to the type locality, the Kumgang-san, Diamond Mountains. Used as an adjective, gender feminine.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 6. Holotype male of Neoperla adamantea Murányi & Li, sp. n.; North Korea, Kangwon Province, Kumgang Mts — 1: head and pronotum, dorsal view; 2: terminalia, dorsal view; 3: terminalia, lateral view; 4: aedeagus, lateral view; 5: aedeagus, ventral view; 6: aedeagus, dorsal view—scales 1 mm.

FIGURES 10 – 17. Females of Korean Neoperla Needham, 1905 — 10, 12, 14, 16: vagina, dorsal view; 11, 13, 15, 17: vagina, lateral view— 10 – 11: Neoperla adamantea Murányi & Li, sp. n., North Korea, Kangwon Province, Kumgang Mts; 12 – 13: Neoperla coreensis Ra, Kim, Kang & Ham, 1994, North Korea, North Pyongan Province, Myohyang Mts; 14 – 15: Neoperla goguryeo Murányi & Li, sp. n., North Korea, Kangwon Province, Kumgang Mts; 16 – 17: Neoperla goguryeo Murányi & Li, sp. n., North Korea, North Pyongan Province, Myohyang Mts—scale 1 mm.

FIGURES 41 – 42. Distribution of the Neoperla Needham, 1905 species known from Korea — 41: known occurrences in North and South Korea; 42: known range of N. quadrata Wu & Claassen, 1934 and N. ussurica Sivec & Zhiltzova, 1996.