Effossana, Domahovski & Cavichioli, 2023

Domahovski, Alexandre Cruz & Cavichioli, Rodney Ramiro, 2023, Phylogenetic analysis and revision of the leafhopper genus Acuera DeLong & Freytag (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) based on morphological data, Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 81, pp. 79-164 : 79

3.3.3. Effossana gen. nov.

Figs 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43

Type species.

Acuera (Parcana) gloma DeLong & Freytag, 1974: 74.

Diagnosis.

Medium size leafhoppers (8.5-11.3 mm). Head, in dorsal view (Figs 33A , 35A ), moderately produced anterad, median length approximately equal to half interocular width; crown surface with oblique striae between ocelli; ocellus closer to midline than to inner margin of eye; in lateral view (Figs 33C , 35C ), crown-face transition defined. Pronotum (Figs 33A , 37A ) with posterior margin commonly bearing irregular black transverse band. Forewing (Figs 33D , 35D ) clavus with 2-4 cross veinlets between the anal veins. Male sternite VIII (Figs 33E , 35E ) posterior margin deeply excavated medially. Subgenital plate (Figs 33H , 35H ) with thin longitudinal striations near apex; glabrous, microsetae absent. Connective (Figs 33I , 35I ) U-shaped, stem and dorsal keel absent. Style, in dorsal view (Figs 33J , 35J ), with external lobe very small or absent. Aedeagus (Figs 33L , 35L ) with apodemal processes. First valvula (Figs 34C , 36C ) basal third broad, produced anterad; apex (Figs 34D , 36D ) abruptly tapered. Second valvula (Figs 34E , 36E ) dorsal protuberance developed, located after half the length of blade; teeth (Figs 34F , 36F ) small and acute, present subapically.

Coloration.

Head and thorax (Figs 42 , 43 ) yellowish brown. Crown (Figs 33A , 35A ) without dark punctures. Face (Figs 33B , 35B ) without black punctures; frons without dark bands over muscular impressions. Pronotum (Figs 33A , 37A ) with brown or black punctures; posterior margin with black transverse band, which is sinuous anterad. Mesonotum (Figs 33A , 35A ) with small yellow spots. Scutellum (Figs 33A , 35A ) with pair of large yellow spots. Forewing (Figs 33D , 35D ) strongly marked by dark-brown mottling. Legs (Figs 42 , 43 ) without large black maculae or punctures. Metatibia (Figs 33C , 35C ) with cucullate bases of setae blacks.

Description.

Head, in dorsal view (Figs 33A , 35A ), moderately produced anterad, median length approximately equal to half interocular width; transocular width 8 tenths pronotum humeral width; anterior margin rounded; crown surface with oblique striae between ocelli; ocellus equidistant between anterior and posterior margins of crown and closer to midline than to inner margin of eye. Head, in frontal view (Figs 33B , 35B ), face wider than high; frons texture shagreen, surface just below the crown-face transition not excavated; frontogenal suture distant from eye margin by approximately half maximum width of clypeus and surpassing antennal ledge, extending to anterior margin of crown; supra-antennal lobe oblique, advancing over the frons for a short distance; gena with ventrolateral margin rounded and slightly angled medially; maxillary plate produced ventrally as far as clypeus apex. Head, in lateral view (Figs 33C , 35C ), crown-face transition defined, thin, with few transverse striae or moderately thick, smooth medially and with few striae near of eye; anterior margin of crown weakly projected over anterior margin of eye; frons and clypeus not inflated. Pronotum, in dorsal view (Figs 33A , 37A ), with transverse striae on disc and posterior third; lateral margins as long as eye length; posterior margin slightly excavated; in lateral view (Figs C), moderately declivous, continuous with head declivity. Mesonotum (Figs 33A , 35A ) slightly wider than long; scutellum (Figs 33A , 35A ) slightly swollen. Forewing (Figs 33D , 35D ) with 2-4 cross veinlets between the anal veins; M vein with segment after the divergence between R+M and before the cross vein m-cu 1 3-4 × longer than the length of m-cu 1; appendix not or moderately developed, bordering first to second apical cells; apex rounded. Profemur with AD, AM, and PD rows reduced and poorly defined, with exception of apical setae AD1, AM1, and PD1, respectively; IC row formed by slightly arched comb of fine setae, beginning at distal half of femur, and extending to AM1. Protibia, in cross-section, semi-circular, dorsal surface with longitudinal carina adjacent to PD row; AV row formed by long setae, slightly longer and thicker towards apex; dorsal rows with apical AD1 and PD1 setae developed; PD row with 4-5 setae and undifferentiated intercalary setae; PV row with 6-8 setae. Mesotibia with dorsal surface rounded. Metafemur with setal formula 2:2:1. Metatibia with AD row with up to 4 intercalary setae between macrosetae; PV row with setae of apical half formed by sequence of a longer and thicker seta, interspersed with 2-4 thinner and shorter setae, ending with a long and thick seta. Metatarsomere I ventral surface with two rows of non-cucullate setae; inner row with 5-10 setae; pecten with 4-7 platellae, flanked by one inner and one outer tapered seta. Metatarsomere II pecten with 2-3 platellae, flanked by two inner and one outer tapered seta.

Male terminalia.

Sternite VIII (Figs 33E , 35E ) with posterior margin deeply excavated medially. Valve (Figs 35G-F , 37G-F ) usually strongly convex; integument thickening present on anterior and posterior margins; posterior margin with narrow and shallow excavation. Pygofer, in lateral view (Figs 33G , 35G ), without basodorsal processes; many macrosetae distributed on apical half. Anal tube membranous, without processes. Subgenital plate, in lateral view (Figs 33G , 35G ), short, not reaching apex of pygofer; in ventral view (Figs 33H , 35H ), surface with thin longitudinal striations near apex; glabrous, microsetae absent. Connective (Figs 33I , 35I ) U-shaped, stem and dorsal keel absent. Style, in dorsal view (Figs 33J , 35J ), with external lobe reduced or absent. Aedeagus (Figs 33L , 35L ) pre-atrium reduced; apodemal processes long (Fig. 35L ) or reduced ( E. fructa comb. nov.); shaft with (Figs 35L , 37L ) or without (Fig. 33K ) apical processes ( E. gloma comb. nov.).

Female terminalia.

Pygofer (Figs 34B , 36B ) with macrosetae distributed on posteroventral quadrant and dorsoapical third. First valvifer (Figs 34C , 36C ) as long or wider than long. First valvula (Figs 34C , 36C ) slightly curved dorsally; basal portion produced anterad, basal third broad, about twice as wide as median portion of blade; dorsal sculptured area strigate, beginning after half length of valvula; ventral interlocking device distinct on basiventral 2/5 of blade; apex (Figs 34D , 36D ) abruptly narrowed forming acute projection. Second valvula (Figs 34E , 36E ) slightly curved dorsally, wider subapically; dorsal protuberance conspicuous, located after half length of blade; teeth (Figs 34F , 36F ) small and acute, present subapically, after the dorsal protuberance; ventral margin without denticles; apex abruptly narrowed, acute. Second valvifer (Figs 34G , 36G ) 2.8 × longer than wide. Gonoplac (Figs 34G , 36G ) posterodorsal margin short, 1/3 of blade length; external surface with dentiform cuticular projections; ventral margin broadly rounded; apex (Figs 34H , 36H ) rounded.

Distribution.

Brazil, British Guiana, and Panama.

Etymology.

The generic name Effossana (feminine noum) is derived from the Latin word “effossus” meaning excavated. It refers to the posterior margin of the male sternite VII deeply excavated. The suffix - ana is common in names of Gyponini genera.

Figures

Figure 33. Effossana gloma comb. nov., male. A head and thorax, dorsal view. B head, ventral view. C head and thorax, lateral view. D forewing. E sternite VIII, ventral view. F valve, ventral view. G pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view; g apical portion of pygofer, dorsal view. H subgenital plate, ventral view. I connective, dorsal view. J style, dorsal view. K style, lateral view. L aedeagus, lateral view. M aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 34. Effossana gloma comb. nov., female. A distal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B distal portion of abdomen, lateral view. C first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. D apical portion of first valvula. E second valvula, lateral view. F apical portion of second valvula. G second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. H apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 35. Effossana assimulata sp. nov., holotype male. A head and thorax, dorsal view. B head, ventral view. C head and thorax, lateral view. D forewing. E sternite VIII, ventral view. F valve, ventral view. G pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. H subgenital plate, ventral view. I connective, dorsal view. J style, dorsal view. K style, lateral view. L aedeagus, lateral view. M aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 36. Effossana assimulata sp. nov., paratype female. A distal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B distal portion of abdomen, lateral view. C first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. D apical portion of first valvula. E second valvula, lateral view. F apical portion of second valvula. G second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. H apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 37. Effossana circumnota sp. nov., holotype male. A head and thorax, dorsal view. B head, ventral view. C head and thorax, lateral view. D forewing. E sternite VIII, ventral view. F valve, ventral view. G pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. H subgenital plate, ventral view. I connective, dorsal view. J style, dorsal view. K style, lateral view. L aedeagus, lateral view. M aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 38. Effossana circumnota sp. nov., paratype female. A distal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B distal portion of abdomen, lateral view. C first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. D apical portion of first valvula. E second valvula, lateral view. F apical portion of second valvula. G second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. H apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 39. Effossana intrinseca sp. nov., holotype male. A head and thorax, dorsal view. B head, ventral view. C head and thorax, lateral view. D forewing. E sternite VIII, ventral view. F valve, ventral view. G pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view; g apical portion of pygofer, dorsal view. H subgenital plate, ventral view. I connective, dorsal view. J style, dorsal view. K style, lateral view. L aedeagus, lateral view. M aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 40. Effossana intrinseca sp. nov., paratype female. A distal portion of abdomen, ventral view. B distal portion of abdomen, lateral view. C first valvifer and first valvula, lateral view. D apical portion of first valvula. E second valvula, lateral view. F apical portion of second valvula. G second valvifer and gonoplac, lateral view. H apical portion of gonoplac. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 41. Effossana tenuemarginata sp. nov., holotype male. A head and thorax, dorsal view. B head, ventral view. C head and thorax, lateral view. D forewing. E sternite VIII, ventral view. F valve, ventral view. G pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. H subgenital plate, ventral view. I connective, dorsal view. J style, dorsal view. K style, lateral view. L aedeagus, lateral view. M aedeagus, posterior view. Scale bars in mm.

Figure 42. Species of Effossana gen. nov., dorsal (left) and lateral (right) views. A, B E. assimulata sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP. C, D E. circumnota sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP. E, F E. fructa comb. nov., holotype male, USNM. G, H E. gatuna comb. nov., holotype male, OSU.

Figure 43. Species of Effossana gen. nov., dorsal (left) and lateral (right) views. A, B E. gloma comb. nov., male, DZUP. C, D E. intrinseca sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP. E, F E. scapa comb. nov., holotype male, BMNH. G, H E. tenuemarginata sp. nov., holotype male, DZUP.