Talitroidae, Rafinesque, 1815

Myers, A. A. & Lowry, J. K., 2020, A phylogeny and classification of the Talitroidea (Amphipoda, Senticaudata) based on interpretation of morphological synapomorphies and homoplasies, Zootaxa 4778 (2), pp. 281-310 : 300

Talitroidae epifam. nov.

Included families (4). Brevitalitridae fam. nov.; Curiotalitridae fam. nov.; Makawidae fam. nov. Talitridae Rafinesque, 1815 .

Included genera (96). Agilestia Friend, 1982 ; Africorchestia Lowry & Coleman, 2011 ; Americorchestia Bousfield, 1991 ; Amphiatlantica Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Asiaorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Atlantorchestoidea Serejo, 2004 ; Australorchestia Serejo & Lowry, 2008 ; Austropacifica Lowry & Springthorpe, 2019a ; Bellorchestia Serejo & Lowry, 2008 ; Bousfieldia Chou & Lee, 1996 ; Brevitalitrus Bousfield, 1971 ; Britorchestia Lowry & Bopiah, 2012 ; Bulychevia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Canariorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Capeorchestia Lowry & Baldanzi, 2016 ; Caribitroides Lindeman, 1990 ; Cariborchestia Smith, 1998 ; Cerrorchestia Lindeman, 1990 ; Chelorchestia Bousfield, 1984 ; Chevreuxiana Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Chiltonorchestia Bousfield, 1984 ; Chroestia Marsden & Fenwick, 1984 ; Cryptorchestia Lowry & Fanini. 2013 ; Curiotalitrus Lowry & Coleman, 2012 ; Dana Lowry, 2011; Dallwitzia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Defeo Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Dendrorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Derzhavinia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Deshayesorchestia Ruffo, 2004 ; Deshurleyella Lowry, Myers & Nakano, 2019 ; Ditmorchestia Morino & Miyamoto, 2015d ; Dracorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Ezotinorchestia Morino & Miyamoto, 2016a ; Floresorchestia Bousfield, 1984 ; Galaporchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Gazia Lowry & Springthorpe, 2019 ; Hawaiorchestia Bousfield, 1984 ; Hermesorchestia Hughes & Lowry, 2017 ; Houlia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Ignamborchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Indiorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Kaalorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Kanikania Duncan, 1994 ; Kellyduncania Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Kohuroa Lowry, Myers & Nakano, 2019 ; Kokuborchestia Morino & Miyamoto, 2015c ; Laniporchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Lanorchestia Miyamoto & Morino, 2010 ; Laurenia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Lesliorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a; Lowryella Morino & Miyamoto, 2016b ; Macarorchestia Stock, 1989 a ; Makawe Duncan, 1994 ; Megalorchestia Brandt, 1851 ; Mexitroides Lindeman, 1990 ; Mexorchestia Wildish & LeCroy, 2014 ; Minamitalitrus White, Lowry & Morino, 2013 ; Mizuhorchestia Morino, 2014 ; Morinoia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Nipponorchestia Morino & Miyamoto, 2015a ; Notorchestia Serejo & Lowry, 2008 ; Oamaru Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Omaiorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Opunorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Orchestia Leach, 1814 ; Orchestiella Friend, 1987 ; Orchestoidea Nicolet, 1849 ; Paciforchestia Bousfield, 1982 ; Palmorchestia Stock & Martin, 1988 ; Parorchestia Stebbing 1899 ; Pickorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Persianorchestia Momtazi, Lowry & Hekmatara, 2017 ; Platorchestia Bousfield, 1982 ; Pseudorchestoidea Bousfield, 1982 ; Puhuruhuru Duncan, 1994 ; Pyatakovestia Morino & Miyamoto, 2015b ; Sardorchestia Ruffo in Tafani et al., 2004 ; Sinbadorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Sinorchestia Miyamoto & Morino, 1999 ; Snaresorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Spelaeorchestia Bousfield & Howarth, 1976 ; Speziorchestia Lowry & Myers, 2019a ; Talitroides Bonnier, 1898 ; Talitrus Bosc, 1802 ; Talorchestia Dana, 1853 ; Tasmanorchestia Friend, 1987 ; Tethorchestia Bousfield, 1984 ; Tongorchestia Lowry & Bopiah, 2013 ; Transorchestia Bousfield, 1982 ; Traskorchestia Bousfield, 1982 ; Trinorchestia Bousfield, 1982 ; Tropicorchestia Lowry & Springthorpe, 2015 ; Vallorchestia Lowry, 2012 ; Vietorchestia Dang & Le, 2011 ; Waematau Duncan, 1994 .

Category. Mascupods, femipods and semi-mascupods.

Ecological type. Beach-hoppers, sand-hoppers, driftwood-hoppers, cave-hoppers, field-hoppers, riparian hoppers, forest-hoppers and moss-hoppers.

Distribution. Australia and Papua New Guinea; New Caledonia and New Zealand; Western Indian Ocean; Japan and Taiwan; Pacific Plate; Caribbean; The Philippines; India, South Africa, West Africa, Atlantic South America, Japan and Russia, Taiwan China, East Atlantic and Mediterranean, Caribbean, Pacific North America and Pacific Plate; Persian Gulf; Pacific South and Central America; Indonesia and Malaysia; Western North Atlantic.

Diagnostic description. Antenna 1 long, reaching to at least midpoint of peduncular article 5 of antenna 2, or short, not reaching midpoint of peduncular article 5 of antenna 2. Maxilliped palp article 2 with or without ( Cerrorchestia ) distomedial lobe; article 4 small, distinct, reduced, button-shaped or fused to article 3. Gnathopod 1 posterior margin of merus, carpus and propodus each without palmate lobes or posterior margin of merus, carpus and propodus each with palmate lobes or posterior margin of some but not all merus, carpus and propodus with palmate lobes; propodus subrectangular or ‘subtriangular’ with well-developed posterodistal lobe or subrectangular, tapering distally. Gnathopod 2 subchelate, chelate or mitten-shaped. Pereopods 3–7 cuspidactylate, homosimplidactylate ( Galaporchestia ) or pereopods 3, 4 cuspidactylate, 5–7 simplidactylate ( Chelorchestia ). Pereopod 4 dactylus basidactylate, amplidactylate or homobasidactylate. Pereopod 5 dactylus inflated or not. Pereopod 6 subequal in length or shorter than pereopod 7. Pereopod 7 sexually dimorphic or not. Epimera 1–3 slits present on at least one plate or absent. Uropods 1–2 rami with or without apical spear-shaped setae. Uropod 1 male exopod not sexually dimorphic; exopod with marginal robust setae in one or two rows or without marginal robust setae. Uropod 3 ramus subequal in length, longer or shorter than peduncle. Telson with only apical robust setae or with apical and marginal robust setae, with 1 to at least 10 robust setae per lobe.