Bembidion (Zeperyphus) actuarium Broun, 1903

Larochelle, André, Zeperyphodes, Broun & Larivière, Marie-Claude, 2015, Synopsis of the genus Bembidion Latreille in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini), Insecta Mundi 2015 (415), pp. 1-78 : 29-30

Bembidion (Zeperyphus) actuarium Broun, 1903 Fig. 19 , 52 , 71

Bembidium actuarium Broun, 1903: 611 . Type locality: Pipiriki, Wanganui [=Whanganui] River, RI ( Broun 1903: 611).

Other synonymy as in Larochelle and Larivière (2001: 84).

Description. Body length 3.7–4.3 mm. Black; elytra rufous at extreme apex; antennae and legs rufous (antennal segments 3–11 infuscated). Very shiny, with feeble metallic lustre (greenish, bluish). Thorax. Pronotum: sides moderately rounded anteriorly, strongly sinuate posteriorly; posterolateral angles acute, slightly projected laterally, sharp at tip; laterobasal foveae very deep, elongate-oblong, moderately long, reaching basal margin. Elytra. Sides strongly rounded. Striae 2–6 incomplete, deep, coarsely punctate in basal half; stria 7 strong, incomplete, coarsely punctate. Aedeagus. Lateral view ( Fig. 52 ): moderately arcuate, slender; base slightly concave dorsally; middle moderately convex dorsally with a slight concavity towards its apex, slightly concave ventrally; apex subtriangular, rather straight dorsally and ventrally, with extreme tip wide and short.

Material examined. 202 specimens ( CMNH, JNNZ, MONZ, NZAC).

Geographic distribution ( Fig. 71 ). North Island: AK, BP, GB, HB, ND, RI, TK, TO, WA, WI, WN, WO.

Ecology. Lowland. Epigean. Stream banks, at a certain distance from water (1–10 m). Open or halfshaded ground; wet, sandy, sparsely vegetated soil. Nocturnal; hides during the day usually under fallen leaves, also under fallen branches and stones, as well as in soil crevices. Gregarious.

Biology. Seasonality: October–April. Tenerals: December–February, April. Occasionally infested with fungi (Laboulbeniales). Defence mechanism: when alarmed, the adult escapes by running.

Dispersal power. Wing-dimorphic. Mostly brachypterous (incapable of flight), rarely macropterous (probably capable of flight). Moderate runner. Vagility usually limited by flight incapacity.

Collecting techniques. Turning branches and stones; pouring water over the ground; treading the soil with the feet.

Reference. Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 84 (catalogue; biology, dispersal power, ecology, geographic distribution, reference).

Remark. Lindroth (1976) recorded only six localities for this species; it is now known from numerous localities across the North Island.

Figures

Figures 17–20. Dorsal habitus. 17) Bembidion charile. 18) B. dehiscens. 19) B. actuarium. 20) B. musae. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 45–52. Aedeagi, lateral. 45) Bembidion brullei. 46) B. rotundicolle. 47) B. tairuense. 48) B. granuliferum. 49) B. maorinum maorinum. 50) B. charile. 51) B. dehiscens. 52) B. actuarium.

Figures 71–76. Species distribution maps. 71) Bembidion actuarium. 72) B. alacre. 73) B. albescens. 74) B. anchonoderus. 75) B. brullei. 76) B. bullerense new species.