Bembidion Latreille, 1802

Larochelle, André, Zeperyphodes, Broun & Larivière, Marie-Claude, 2015, Synopsis of the genus Bembidion Latreille in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini), Insecta Mundi 2015 (415), pp. 1-78 : 2-3

Bembidion Latreille, 1802

Bembidion Latreille, 1802: 82 . Type species. Carabus quadriguttatus Fabricius, 1775 (= Cicindela quadrimaculata Linnaeus, 1761 ), designated by Andrewes 1935: 17.

Description ( New Zealand). Body length 2.8–9.3 mm; pedunculate or not pedunculate; depressed or convex. Color dark or pale. Metallic lustre usually present (often strong, aeneous). Dorsal surface mostly glabrous. Head. Usually moderately wide. Mandibles moderately long. Eyes present, normally developed, convex. Tempora not inflated. Antennae usually filiform and very long, rarely submoniliform and rather short; pubescence starting from segment 2 or 3. Mentum: median tooth usually entire, rarely subtruncate or truncate; circular foveae absent. Submentum usually with six setae (rarely with four setae). Ligula with two apical setae, free or fused. Palpi with penultimate segment fusiform; penultimate labial segment with two to eight scattered setae on anterior margin. Thorax. Pronotum variously shaped, often cordate (heart-shaped); base narrower than apex; posterolateral angles rectangular, acute or obtuse; one (usually anteriorly) or two setiferous punctures situated on each side (if present, posterolateral puncture close to or greatly removed from posterolateral angle). Scutellum either inserted entirely between elytral bases, or placed partly between and above elytral bases. Legs. Long. Protibiae not obliquely truncate on outer side apically. Male protarsi with the first two basal segments dilated, dentate on inner side. Elytra. Oblong, subovate or elliptical. Free along suture (hindwings usually fully developed, seldom reduced) or rarely fused along suture (hindwings vestigial). Basal margin absent or present (incomplete). Shoulders well developed or poorly developed, usually rounded, rarely angulate or obtuse, not serrate. Scutellar setiferous pore present. Scutellar striole present. Striae complete or incomplete, generally consisting of well-developed punctate striae (outer striae sometimes less developed); stria 8 present, usually complete and more deeply impressed than other striae; stria 1 not recurrent apically. Oblique longitudinal sulcus absent. Interval 3 or stria 3 with two to five discal setiferous punctures; interval 5 with or without two discal setiferous punctures. Umbilicate series separated into two major groups (4+4), with posterior group divided in two subgroups (2+2); eight setiferous punctures. Radial field without fine dense pubescence. Subapical sinuations present, usually feeble, rarely strong. Sutural apices usually angulate, sometimes subtruncate or rounded. Epipleura twisted (with strong inner fold or plica) near apex. Abdomen. Apex invisible dorsally. Sterna IV–VI with paired ambulatory setae only; last visible sternum (sternum VII) of male with two long ambulatory setae only; sternum VII of female with four long ambulatory setae, with or without numerous short setae. Male genitalia. Internal sac of aedeagus with a brush sclerite (absent in subgenus Zecillenus ). Other characters as for tribe.

References. Lindroth 1976: 161–198 (revision of New Zealand taxa), 1980: 179–186 (as Zecillenus ; revision); Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 79–85 (as Bembidion ; catalogue), 85–87 (as Zecillenus ; catalogue); Toledano 2005 (subgeneric status of Zecillenus ); Larochelle and Larivière 2007: 47 (description, ecology, general distribution, references).

Remarks. Maddison (2012) as well as Liebherr and Maddison (2013) substantially advanced our understanding of the molecular phylogeny of the genus Bembidion . These studies, however, did not include representatives of all New Zealand subgenera and did not provide any formal taxonomic changes to the subgeneric classifications of Lindroth (1976) and Toledano (2005), which are followed here.