Bembidion (Zemetallina) hokitikense Bates, 1878

Larochelle, André, Zeperyphodes, Broun & Larivière, Marie-Claude, 2015, Synopsis of the genus Bembidion Latreille in New Zealand (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Bembidiini), Insecta Mundi 2015 (415), pp. 1-78 : 44-45

Bembidion (Zemetallina) hokitikense Bates, 1878

Fig. 34 , 67 , 85

Bembidium hokitikense Bates, 1878b: 25 . Type locality: West Coast, South Island. Bembidium attenuatum Broun, 1886: 881 . Type locality: Near Lake Tekapo, MK ( Broun 1886: 881);

Tekapo, MK ( Lindroth 1976: 191, holotype examined). Tentative synonymy of Lindroth (1976: 191)

confirmed. Other synonymy as in Larochelle and Larivière (2001: 82).

Description. Body length 2.8–4.0 mm. Black (including antennae and legs; contrary to other Zemetallina species). Microsculpture very strong, isodiametric, with a tendency to form transverse meshes on head and pronotum. Dull (shiny, other Zemetallina species), with slight metallic lustre (aeneous, greenish, or bluish). Forebody very wide in comparison to elytra. Head. Antennae submoniliform, rather short (reaching about elytral base). Thorax. Pronotum moderately convex, very wide; sides strongly rounded anteriorly, not sinuate posteriorly; basal constriction very short (moderately long in other Zemetallina species); posterolateral angles strongly obtuse (more obtuse than in other Zemetallina species), strongly projected laterally, very acute at tip; laterobasal foveae moderately deep, linear, short, not reaching basal margin. Epipleura (in dorsal view) not exposed in front of posterolateral angles. Elytra. Moderately convex, subovate, moderately wide, widest about middle. Shoulders moderately rounded. Sides moderately rounded. Scutellar striole consisting of a row of punctures. Striae 2–3 complete, 4–6 incomplete; striae deep, coarsely punctate; stria 7 obsolete, incomplete, at most with rudimentary punctures; stria 3 with very small, poorly visible discal setiferous punctures (highly visible in other Zemetallina species). Intervals depressed. Apical striole deep, not connected to stria 5 or 7; preapical setiferous puncture isolated. Abdomen. Last visible sternum (sternum VII) of female with numerous short setae in addition to four long ambulatory setae. Aedeagus. Lateral view ( Fig. 67 ): strongly arcuate, wide; base strongly convex dorsally; middle moderately convex dorsally, moderately concave ventrally; apex subtriangular, mostly straight dorsally and ventrally, with extreme tip narrow and short.

Material examined. 207 specimens ( JNNZ, LUNZ, MONZ, NZAC).

Geographic distribution ( Fig. 85 ). North Island: BP, GB, TO, RI, WA, WI, WN. South Island: BR, CO, DN, FD, KA, MB, MC, MK, NC, NN, OL, SC, WD.

Ecology. Lowland, montane, subalpine, alpine. Epigean. Edges of brooks, river banks and bars; shores of alpine lakes; also roadsides, moraines situated near glaciers; at a certain distance (1–10 m) from water. Open ground; moist or wet, sandy (sometimes mixed with silt), bare soil. Nocturnal; hides during the day under small well embedded stones. Gregarious.

Biology. Seasonality: September–March, August. Tenerals: December, March. Occasionally infested with fungi (Laboulbeniales). Defence mechanism: when alarmed, the adult escapes by running.

Dispersal power. Macropterous, probably capable of flight. Slow runner. Vagility likely favoured by flight capacity.

Collecting techniques. Turning small stones; pouring water over the ground.

Reference. Larochelle and Larivière 2001: 82 (catalogue; biology, dispersal power, ecology, geographic distribution, references).

Remarks. Lindroth (1976) tentatively synonymized B. attenuatum with B. hokitikense , pending examination of the male genitalia of B. attenuatum (described from Lake Tekapo, MK). The authors have dissected the male genitalia of representatives of numerous populations from Lake Tekapo and the wider Mackenzie (MK) area and have found them all to be of the same species. The synonymy of Lindroth is therefore confirmed. Lindroth (1976) recorded B. hokitikense from numerous localities on the South Island. The current revision extends the distribution of this species to the southern half of the North Island where it is known from many localities.

Figures

Figures 33–36. Dorsal habitus. 33) Bembidion bullerense new species. 34) B. hokitikense. 35) B. chalceipes. 36) B. wanakense. Scale line = 1 mm.

Figures 61–69. Aedeagi, lateral. 61) Bembidion parviceps. 62) B. waiho new species. 63) B. urewerense. 64) B. mangamuka new species. 65) B. solitarium. 66) B. bullerense new species. 67) B. hokitikense. 68) B. chalceipes. 69) B. wanakense.

Figures 83–88. Species distribution maps. 83) Bembidion giachinoi. 84) B. granuliferum. 85) B. hokitikense. 86) B. karikari new species. 87) B. mangamuka new species. 88) B. maorinum levatum.