Peltis O. F. Mueller , 1764

Kolibac, Jiri, 2013, Trogossitidae: A review of the beetle family, with a catalogue and keys, ZooKeys 366, pp. 1-194 : 82-85

Genus Peltis O. F. Mueller, 1764 Figs 2 , 9 , 15 ; Map 7

Peltis Müller, O. F. 1764: 13.

Type species.

Silpha grossa Linnaeus, 1758 [designated by Hope 1840]

Bacianskas, V. 2009: 30 (biology). Barron, J. R. 1971: 24. Barron, J. R. 1996: 193 (Nearctic species). Kolibáč, J. 2005: 76. Kolibáč, J. 2006: 111. Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366. Noreika, N. 2009: 68 (distribution). Spahr, U. 1981: 74 (amber and copal fossils)

Gaurambe C. G. Thomson, 1862 [type species: Silpha ferruginea Linnaeus, 1758]

Barron, J. R. 1971: 24. Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366. Lafer, G. Sh. 1992: 83. Silfverberg, H. 1978: 117

Ostoma Laicharting, 1781 [type species: Silpha ferruginea Linnaeus, 1758]

Léveillé, A. 1910: 30. Downie, N. M. & Arnett, R. H. Jr. 1996: 935 (key). Barron, J. R. 1971: 23. Crowson, R. A. 1964a: 295 ( Peltis Kugel, 1791). Kolibáč, J. 2005: 76 (synonymized). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366. Larsson, S. G. 1978: 150 (fossil, Baltic amber). Lafer, G. Sh. 1992: 83. Reitter, E. 1876: 61

Zimioma Gozis, 1886 [type species: Silpha grossa Linnaeus, 1758]

Léveillé, A. 1910: 29 [ Ostoma (Zimioma) Gozis, 1886]. Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366

Description.

Body size: about 7.5-23.0 mm. Body shape flat. Gular sutures wide, subparallel. Frontoclypeal suture broadly emarginate. Frons: longitudinal groove or depression absent. Cranium ventrally: tufts of long setae at sides absent. Submentum: ctenidium absent. Antennal groove present. Eyes: size moderate. Eyes number: two. Epicranial acumination moderate. Lacinial hooks: one. Galea: shape elongate. Galea: ciliate setae absent. Mediostipes-Lacinia partially fused. Palpifer: outer edge even. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, horizontally situated. Mola present. Penicillus (at base) absent. Pubescence above mola or cutting edge absent. Ventral furrow absent. Basal notch moderate. Labrum-Cranium not fused. Epipharyngial sclerite absent. Lateral tormal process: projection curved downwards, processes with bridge ( Peltis ). Ligula: ciliate setae absent. Ligula membranous, not retroflexed, deeply emarginate. Hypopharyngeal sclerite consisting of two separate parts. Antenna 11-segmented. Antennal club symmetrical, sensorial fields absent. Front coxal cavities externally open, internally open. Pronotum transverse. Prepectus present. Middle coxal cavities open. Elytra: long hairs absent. Epipleuron moderate. Elytral interlocking mechanism absent, carinae conspicuous. Elytral punctation regular, scales absent. Wing: radial cell oblong (or reduced), wedge cell small ( Peltis ), cross vein MP3-4 present, cross vein AA1+2-3+4 absent. Front tibiae: spines along side moderate. Hooked spur present. Claws: denticle absent. Spiculum gastrale absent. Tegmen composed of three parts. Coxitae divided.

Larva: Frontal arms Y-shaped. Epicranial stem present. Endocarina absent. Gular sutures inconspicuous. Gula: anterior apodemes present. Paragular sclerites absent. Hypostomal rods present. Stemmata number: 3. Mandibular apical teeth number: two, horizontally situated. Lacinia mandibulae absent. Mola reduced. Maxillary palpi 3-segmented. Palpifer present. Pedunculate seta absent. Mala simple. Mala: bidentate protrusion present. Cardo-Stipes not fused. Cardo: size much smaller than stipes. Ligula present. Labial palpi 2-segmented. Prementum in two parts, anterior margin even. Torma: two separate lateral sclerites. Antennal joints 1 and 2 elongate. Sensory appendix very small. Thoracic sclerites pattern (dorsally) 0+0+0. Thoracic sclerites pattern (ventrally) 0+0+0. Trochanter oblong. Abdominal segment IX not divided. Tergite IX flat. Urogomphi minute; median process absent.

Biology.

Fungivorous. The adults live under the bark of dead or dying deciduous and coniferous trees and feed on fungi. Larvae can be found in rotten or decaying wood, for example at the base of old trees or inside stumps.

Distribution.

Holarctic temperate zones: North America from Arizona to Alaska, Europe including British Isles and Scandinavia, Siberia, Korea, Japan.

Species:

Peltis columbiana Casey, 1924; widespread USA, Canada (from Alaska) (JRB)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 30

† Peltis constulata Heyden, 1862; Germany: Rott, Siebengebirge; Tertiary: Upper Oligocene (varA)

Ponomarenko, A. G. & Kireichuk A. G. 2005-2008: http://www.zin.ru/animalia/Coleoptera/rus/paleosy2.htm. Schmied, H. et al. 2009: 24

Peltis ferruginea Linnaeus, 1758; Europe, Siberia, Japan, North Korea, USA, Canada (JK)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 30 ( Ostoma ). Bahillo de la Puebla P. & López-Colón, J. I. 1999: 13 ( Ostoma ). Sarikaya, O. & Avci, M. 2009: 129 ( Ostoma )

Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 (syn. Ostoma cassidoides Lepechin, 1774); Russia (JRB)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 (syn. Ostoma cimicoides Degeer, 1774; not binominal). Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 ( Ostoma )

Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 (syn. Ostoma fraternus Randall, 1838); USA: Maine (JRB)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 (syn. Ostoma nigricans Dalla Torre, 1879); Oberösterreich (JRB)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 (syn. Ostoma nigrina Casey, 1916); Canada: British Columbia (JRB)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 (syn. Ostoma rubicunda Laicharting, 1781); Germania (JRB)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 28 (syn. Ostoma septentrionalis Randall, 1838); USA: Maine (JRB)

Borowiec, L. 1983: 13 ( Ostoma ). Burakowski, B. et al. 1986: 122 ( Ostoma )

Klausnitzer, B. 1976: 7 ( Ostoma ). Klausnitzer, B. 1996: 155 ( Ostoma , larva). Kolibáč, J. 1993a: 21 ( Ostoma ). Kolibáč, J. 1993b: 90 ( Ostoma ). Kolibáč, J. 1999b: 12 ( Ostoma ). Kolibáč, J. 2006: 108 (larva). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366 (syn. Peltis cimicoides DeGeer, 1774). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366 (syn. Peltis fraterna Randall, 1838). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366 (syn. Peltis nigricans Dalla Torre, 1879). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366 (syn. Peltis nigrina Casey, 1916). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366 (syn. Peltis rubicunda Laicharting, 1781). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366 (syn. Peltis septentrionalis Randall, 1838). Krasutskii, B. V. 1996: 274 ( Ostoma ). Lafer, G. Sh. 1992: 84 ( Ostoma ). Mitter, H. 1998: 561 ( Ostoma ). Nakane, T. et al. 1963: 181 ( Ostoma ). Pileckis, S. & V. Monsevičius 1995: 272 ( Ostoma ). Reitter, E. 1876: 62 ( Ostoma ). Vogt, H. 1967: 17 ( Ostoma )

Peltis gigantea Reitter, 1882; East Siberia, Far East, Japan, China: Northeast Territory (JK)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 29 ( Ostoma subgen. Zimioma ). Esaki, T. et al. 1951: 1062 ( Ostoma ). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366. Lafer, G. Sh. 1992: 84 ( Zimioma ). Nakane, T. et al. 1963: 181 ( Zimioma )

Peltis grossa Linnaeus, 1758; Europe (JK)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 29 ( Ostoma subgen. Zimioma )

Léveillé, A. 1910: 30 (syn. Ostoma (Zimioma) lunata Fabricius, 1787); Europe (AL)

Bahillo de la Puebla P. & López-Colón, J. I. 1999: 13 ( Zimioma ). Sarikaya, O. & Avci, M. 2009: 129 ( Ostoma ). Borowiec, L. 1983: 12. Burakowski, B. et al. 1986: 121 ( Zimioma ). Cunev, J. 1999: 76. Fjellberg, A. & Hansen, S. O. 1997: 77 (biology). Karalius, S. & Monsevičius, V. 1992: 5 (distribution). Klausnitzer, B. 1976: 7 ( Zimioma ). Klausnitzer, B. 1978: 176. Klausnitzer, B. 1996: 156 (larva). Kolibáč, J. 1993a: 21. Kolibáč, J. 1993b: 90. Kolibáč, J. 2005: 139 (redescription). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366. Krasutskii, B. V. 2006: 763 (biology). Mamaev, B. M. 1976: 1656 (larva). Mitter, H. 1998: 560 ( Zimioma ). Pileckis, S. & Monsevičius, V. 1995: 272. Ratti, E. 1997: 178. Reitter, E. 1876: 62 ( Ostoma ). Šablevičius, B. & Ferenca, R. 1995: 146. Svitra, G. & Aliukonis, A. 2009: 72 (distribution, biology). Vogt, H. 1967: 17 ( Zimioma )

Peltis jakowlewi Semenov, 1898; Russia: South European Territory (JK)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 30 ( Ostoma subgen. Zimioma ). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366

† Peltis laminata Wickham, 1910; USA: Colorado, Florissant; Tertiary: Lower Oligocene (JRB, varA)

Barron, J. R. 1971: 120. Ponomarenko, A. G. & Kireichuk, A. G. 2005-2008: http://www.zin.ru/animalia/Coleoptera/rus/paleosy2.htm. Schmied, H. et al. 2009: 24. Wickham, H. F. 1910: 48

† Peltis minuscula Pilton, 1935; France: Cantal; Tertiary: Upper Miocene, Messinian (varA)

Deuve, P. 1988: ii (exact reference unknown). Ponomarenko, A. G. & Kireichuk, A. G. 2005-2008: http://www.zin.ru/animalia/Coleoptera/rus/paleosy2.htm. Pilton, 1935: ii (exact reference unknown). Schmied, H. et al. 2009: 24

Peltis pippingskoeldi Mannerheim, 1852; western states of USA, Canada: British Columbia (JRB)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 31 ( Ostoma ). Barron, J. R. 1971: 25 ( Ostoma ). Dajoz, R. 1997: 44 ( Ostoma ) (biology). Reitter, E. 1876: 62 ( Ostoma )

Peltis valida Lewis, 1894; Japan (JK)

Léveillé, A. 1910: 30 ( Ostoma subgen. Zimioma ). Kolibáč, J. 2007a: 366

Figures

Figure 2. Larval morphology: A Tenebroides " fuscus ", dorsal surface B Tenebroides " fuscus ", mandible ventrally C Lophocateres pusillus, mandible ventrally D Tenebroides " fuscus ", head ventrally E-F Peltis ferruginea, head capsule (E dorsally F ventrally) G Ancyrona diversa (1 dorsally 2 ventrally) H Peltis ferruginea (1 dorsally 2 ventrally).

Map 7. A distribution of the tribe Peltini.

Figure 9. A Peltis (syn. Zimioma, Ostoma) grossa B Peltis (syn. Ostoma) ferruginea C Colydiopeltis loebli D Colydiopeltis compactum E Colydiopeltis burckhardti F Parapeltis australicum G Protopeltis viridescens H cf. Globorentonium plaumanni, Brazil (1 - 3: three different specimens from the same locality).

Figure 15. A-B Nemozoma elongatum (A cranium with longidutinal groove B detail of elongate punctures) C-D Peltis ferruginea (C elytral apex D antennal club, hooked spur and protarsus with large 5 th tarsomere) E-G Phloiophilus edwardsi (E metatarsal claws and empodium F projecting procoxae G ventral surface).