Hawaiiandra puncticeps ( Sharp, 1878 ) Santos-Silva & Heffern & Matsuda, 2010

Santos-Silva, Antonio, Heffern, Daniel & Matsuda, Kiyoshi, 2010, Revision of Hawaiian, Australasian, Oriental, and Japanese Parandrinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), Insecta Mundi 2010 (130), pp. 1-120 : 53-54

Included species. Hawaiiandra puncticeps ( Sharp, 1878) , comb. nov.

Geographical distribution ( Fig. 315 ). Hawaiian Islands.

Comments. Hawaiiandra differs from Birandra , mainly, by the absence of the small tooth at the apex of the latero-outer face of the mandible of the male ( Fig. 75 ), by the mandible of the female ( Fig. 74 ) similar to those of Parandra and Archandra , by the short galea ( Fig. 199 ), and by the procoxal cavities slightly open behind. In Birandra , the mandibles in both sexes have a small tooth at the apex of the latero-outer face, the mandibles of the female ( Fig. 119 ) are different from that of Parandra ( Fig. 121 ) and Archandra , the galea is long (reaching or surpassing the apex of the second segment of maxillary palp), and the procoxal cavities are clearly open behind.

Hawaiiandra differs from Acutandra , mainly, by the mandibles strongly differentiated between the sexes (sub-equal in Acutandra ). Differs from Parandra , Archandra , Neandra and Stenandra , by the procoxal cavities open behind (closed in the four genera). From Neandra , differs also by the presence of paronychium (absent in Neandra ). From Komiyandra , differs by the mandibles of the major male clearly falciform ( Fig. 123 ), and by the veins MP 3 and MP 4 fused at their apex ( Fig. 209 ). In Komiyandra , the mandibles of the major male are sub-falciform ( Fig. 154 ), and the veins MP 3 and MP 4 are not fused at their apex ( Fig. 211 ). Differs from Melanesiandra by the absence of the teeth at the apex of the lateroouter face of the mandibles of the major male, by the procoxal cavities slightly open behind, and by the paronychium with two setae. In Melanesiandra , the apex of the latero-outer face of the mandibles in both sexes have small teeth, the procoxal cavities are clearly open behind, and the paronychium has a single seta.

Curiously, Archandra caspia (Ménétriés, 1832) from Asia, and many species of Parandra from America, have a similar general appearance to Hawaiiandra and that species, in turn, has a similar appearance to some species from the Oriental Province, mainly Melanesiandra striatifrons . That seems to contradict the theory of Lameere (1902) that Archandra (which included the species presently placed in Parandra ) is the most primitive group, primarily because the species of Parandrinae are obviously Gondwanan and the Hawaiian Islands are geologically new, besides the isolation of Archandra in relation to Parandra .

Figures

Figure 315-316. Maps. 315) Distribution of Melanesiandra, Caledonandra, Storeyandra, Hawaiiandra, Malukandra, and Stenandra in Asia. 316) Distribution of Komiyandra and Papuandra.

Figure 75-89. Head, lateral view, male. 75) Hawaiiandra puncticeps. 76) Storeyandra frenchi. 77) Malukandra heterostyla. 78) M. jayawijayana, holotype. 79) M. hornabrooki, holotype. 80) Caledonandra austrocaledonica. 81) C. passandroides. 82) Melanesiandra striatifrons. 83) M. solomonensis, paratype. 84) M. bougainvillensis, holotype. 85) M. birai, holotype. 86) Papuandra araucariae. 87) P. gressitti, holotype. 88) P. weigeli, holotype. 89) P. norfolkensis, holotype.

Figure 45-74. 45-73) Labrum. 45) Komiyandra luzonica, holotype male. 46) K. luzonica paratype female. 47) K. philippinensis, paratype male. 48) K. philippinensis, paratype female. 49) K. mindanao, holotype male. 50) K. mindanao, paratype female. 51) K. mehli, holotype male. 52) K. mehli, paratype female. 53) K. lombokia, holotype male. 54) K. lombokia, paratype female. 55) K. sulawesiana, holotype male. 56) K. sulawesiana, paratype female. 57) K. irianjayana, holotype male. 58) K. menieri, paratype male. 59) K. menieri, paralectotype female of P. janus. 60) K. sangihe, holotype male. 61) K. mindoro, holotype male. 62) K. niisatoi, holotype male. 63) K. niisatoi, paratype female. 64) K. drumonti, holotype male. 65) K. cabigasi, paratype male. 66) K. cabigasi, paratype female. 67) K. koni, paratype male. 68) K. koni, paratype female. 69) K. johkii, holotype male. 70) K. poggii, holotype male. 71) K. poggii, paratype female. 72) K. uenoi, paratype male. 73) K. uenoi, paratype female. 74) Hawaiiandra puncticeps, head dorsal view, female (CL, clypeus; LB, labrum; FR, frons; at, anterior tentorial pit; cl, clypeolabral suture; es, epistomal suture).

Figure 177-199. 177-195) Mandibles, dorsal view. 177) Komiyandra sulawesiana, holotype male. 178) K. sulawesiana, paratype female. 179) K. irianjayana, holotype male. 180) K. menieri, paratype male. 181) K. menieri, paratype female (paralectotype of Parandra janus). 182) K. sangihe, paratype male. 183) K. mindoro, holotype male. 184) K. niisatoi, holotype male. 185) K. niisatoi, paratype female. 186) K. drumonti, holotype male. 187) K. cabigasi, paratype male. 188) K. cabigasi, paratype female. 189) K. koni, paratype male. 190) K. koni, paratype female. 191) K. johkii, holotype male. 192) K. poggii, holotype male. 193) K. poggii, paratype female. 194) K. uenoi, paratype male. 195) K. uenoi, paratype female. 196-199) Maxillary palp. 196) Komiyandra javana, paratype male. 197) Caledonandra austrocaledonica, male. 198) C. passandroides, male. 199) Hawaiiandra puncticeps, male.

Figure 118-147. Mandibles, dorsal view. 118) Birandra (Yvesandra) angulicollis, male. 119) B. (Y.) angulicollis, female. 120) Acutandra araucana, male. 121) Parandra (Parandra) glabra, female. 122) Stenandra kolbei, female. 123) Hawaiiandra puncticeps, male. 124) Storeyandra frenchi, male. 125) S. frenchi, female. 126) Malukandra heterostyla, holotype male. 127) M. jayawijayana, holotype male. 128) M. hornabrooki, holotype male. 129) M. hornabrooki, paratype female. 130) Caledonandra austrocaledonica, male. 131) C. austrocaledonica, female. 132) C. passandroides, male. 133) C. passandroides, female. 134) Melanesiandra striatifrons, male. 135) M. striatifrons, female. 136) M. solomonensis, male. 137) M. solomonensis, female. 138) M. bougainvillensis, holotype male. 139) M. bougainvillensis, paratype female. 140) M. birai, holotype male. 141) Papuandra araucariae, paratype male. 142) P. araucariae, female. 143) P. gressitti, holotype male. 144) P. weigeli, holotype male. 145) P. weigeli, paratype female. 146) P. queenslandensis, holotype male. 147) P. oberthueri, holotype female.

Figure 200-209. 200-204) Maxillary palp. 200) Komiyandra nayani, paratype male. 201) Papuandra araucariae, male. 202) Storeyandra frenchi, female. 203) Melanesiandra striatifrons, male. 204) Acutandra murrayi, female. 205-209) Wing. 205) Acutandra murrayi, female. 206) Neandra brunnea, male. 207) Archandra caspia, male. 208) Parandra (Parandra) ubirajarai, male. 209) Hawaiiandra puncticeps, male.

Figure 148-176. Mandibles, dorsal view. 148) Papuandra norfolkensis, holotype male (left mandible). 149) P. norfolkensis, holotype male (right mandible). 150) P. norfolkensis, paratype female. 151) P. rothschildi, holotype male. 152) P. rothschildi, paratype female. 153) Komiyandra janus, female. 154) K. shibatai, male. 155) K. shibatai, female. 156) K. formosana, male. 157) K. formosana, female. 158) K. lanyuana, male. 159) K. lanyuana female. 160) K. javana, holotype male. 161) K. javana, paratype female. 162) K. nayani, paratype male. 163) K. nayani, paratype female.164) K. ohbayashii, holotype male. 165) K. ohbayashii, paratype female. 166) K. luzonica, holotype male. 167) K. luzonica, paratype female. 168) K. philippinensis, holotype male. 169) K. philippinensis, paratype female. 170) K. mindanao, holotype male. 171) K. mindanao, paratype female. 172) K. mehli, holotype male. 173) K. mehli, paratype female. 174) K. vivesi, holotype male. 175) K. lombokia, holotype male. 176) K. lombokia, paratype female.

Figure 210-217. 210-214) Wings. 210) Papuandra araucariae, male. 211) Komiyandra nayani, paratype male. 212) Birandra (Birandra) silvaini, male. 213) Caledonandra passandroides, male. 214) Melanesiandra striatifrons, male. 215-217) Antenna. 215) Stenandra kolbei, female. 216) Hawaiiandra puncticeps, male. 217) Storeyandra frenchi, male.