Komiyandra shibatai ( Hayashi, 1963 ), 2010

Santos-Silva, Antonio, Heffern, Daniel & Matsuda, Kiyoshi, 2010, Revision of Hawaiian, Australasian, Oriental, and Japanese Parandrinae (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), Insecta Mundi 2010 (130), pp. 1-120 : 14-16

Komiyandra shibatai ( Hayashi, 1963)

( Fig. 32, 33 , 94 , 154, 155 , 234 , 277 , 300, 304, 305 , 326 , 410-412 )

Parandra janus ; Hayashi 1961a: 36, pl. 9, fig. 1.

Parandra shibatai Hayashi, 1963: 50 ; Samuelson and Gressitt 1965: 51; Kojima and Hayashi 1969: 2, pl. 1, fig. 1; Nakamura et al. 1976: 228 (larva); Arigony 1984: 89; Hayashi et al. 1988: 166; Mizuno and Shiyake 2004: 4 (types).

Birandra (Birandra) shibatai ; Santos-Silva and Shute 2009: 32.

Description. Integument shining, dark-brown; parts of head, mandibles, basal antennomeres, margins of pronotum, epipleura and elytral suture, and parts of the legs blackish.

Male ( Fig. 410 ). Dorsal face of head, on the gibbosities, coarsely and abundantly punctate; longitudinal depression between gibbosities smooth; area behind gibbosities with transverse region smooth, interrupted in the middle by punctures slightly coarse, and with coarse punctures, moderately sparse, between that region and the occiput; area between the gibbosities and ocular carina clearly depressed and smooth; area behind the eyes coarsely, sparsely punctate; ocular carina elevated, clearly bifurcated in “Y” near posterior edge of eyes ( Fig. 410 ). Eyes narrow ( Fig. 94 ); posterior ocular edge ( Fig. 410 ) very distinct. Central area of clypeus vertical. Central projection of labrum ( Fig. 32 ) wide, slightly rounded at apex. Submentum depressed from middle to anterior edge; punctation coarse, moderately sparse; pilosity moderately long, sparse; anterior edge elevated and punctate throughout, mainly laterally. Mandibles approximately as long as head; teeth of inner margin ( Fig. 154 ) placed around the middle. Antennae reaching basal fifth of prothorax; ventral sensorial area of antennomeres III-X not visible from side ( Fig. 234 ), and not divided by carina; ventral sensorial area of antennomere XI divided by carina very low; dorsal sensorial area of antennomere XI moderately large, narrow and elliptical.

Lateral margins of prothorax divergent at anterior two-thirds towards anterior angles. Pronotum finely, sparsely punctate at central region, just coarser close to anterior edge, and clearly coarser and more abundant laterally, mainly at anterior half; lateral area microsculptured; anterior edge sinuous; anterior angles slightly projected forward; lateral angles not marked; posterior angles well marked. Basal two-thirds of elytra coarsely, abundantly punctate, mainly laterally on basal third and across medial third; punctation of apical third somewhat finer and more concentrated and abundant; each elytron with one carina well marked, and other indicated. Metasternum with punctures moderately coarse and sparse laterally, gradually finer towards metasternal suture. Metafemur ( Fig. 411 ) short and moderately wide. Dorsal face of metatibia rounded, mainly on basal two-thirds; in dorsal view evidently enlarged. Metatarsomere V (without claws) approximately as long as I-III together ( Fig. 277 ); in dorsal view ( Fig. 300 ) not enlarged at basal half.

Male genitalia: median lobe short, forming a flattened tube, with two elongate struts at base, apex widely rounded and feebly incised at middle ( Fig. 305 ); parameres short, forming a ring, with a pair of pointed processes, separate near their base in dorsal view, apical lobes short and wide, stout relatively narrow ( Fig. 304 ).

Female ( Fig. 412 ). Head moderately narrow; dorsal face coarsely and abundantly punctate throughout. Central projection of labrum ( Fig. 33 ) narrow and acute at apex. Mandible ( Fig. 155 ). Pronotum with punctation as in male, but the microsculptured lateral area is evident only at basal half; anterior angles more distinctly projected forward; anterior edge as in male, and with the same kind of variation. Antennae reaching the basal fifth of prothorax.

Variability. Male: central area of clypeus oblique close to front; central projection of labrum somewhat projected at center of apex; ventral sensorial area of antennomere XI incompletely divided by carina very low or not divided (mainly in minor males); antennae reaching base of elytra; anterior edge of pronotum slightly sinuous; each elytron with one or two carinae indicated. Female: punctation of dorsal face of head just sparser behind the gibbosities.

Dimensions in mm (M / F). Total length (including mandibles), 14.1-18.5/13.8-18.5; prothorax: length, 4.0-4.1/3.4-3.6; anterior width, 5.0-5.2/3.7-4.1; posterior width, 4.1-4.2/3.4-3.9; humeral width, 4.9-5.0/ 4.2-4.7; elytral length, 9.8-10.2/9.6-10.4.

Larva. Nakamura et al. (1976) published the description of the larva of Parandra shibatai . As this work was published in Japanese, we are adding the full description translated into English.

“Head roundly trapezoidal, with both lateral margins roundish, widest at posterior 3/4, and then arcuated inward; posterior margin almost straight, deeply emarginated at middle.

Anterior portion of occipital foramen oval. Posterior portion roundly triangular; posterior margin deeply emarginated inward. Anterior margin of frons slightly emarginated posteriad, not serrate without epistomal process. Postcondylar carina absent. Frons blackish brown only in part of anterior margin, most milky white, smooth, bearing a transverse series of several short hairs; lateral portion sparsely clothed with long hairs; frontal suture and median line indistinct.

Hypostomal sclerite smooth. Anterior margin of hypostoma deeply arcuated posteriad.

Gula distinct, slightly elevated and attached to the marginal rim of the anterior portion of occipital foramen.

Ocellae absent. Antennae 3-segmented; antennomere 2 long, about two times as long as antennomere 1; antennomere 3 minute, cylindrical; antennomeres 2 and 3 each bearing a short hair at apex; antennomeres 1 and 2 in part wide and large, covered with basal membranes.

Frontal lobes trapezoidal, large and smooth. Labrum almost triangular, longer than wide, sparsely clothed with short setae on apical 1/3 and bearing a transverse series of four long setae in the middle.

Gnathal segments transversely rectangular, rounded on both sides and sparsely clothed with short hairs in the middle. Ligula about as high as labial palpomeres 2 and densely clothed with short setae at apex. Lacinia thumb-like shaped, rounded at apex and shorter than maxillary palp.

Anterior 1/2 of pronotum smooth, bearing few short hairs, milky white and devoid of yellowish brown sclerotized macula; posterior 1/2 covered with reddish brown microgranulated spinules which become smaller and denser posteriad.

Prothoracic pleura distinct; antero-lateral portions sparsely clothed with slightly longer hairs and devoid of sclerotized macula. Prosternum divided into basisternum and sternellum; sternellum roundly triangular, scattered with reddish brown microgranulated spinules in posterior 1/2.

Three pairs of legs large, each consists of three segments; segments 1 and 2 cylindrical; segment 3 elongate, conical and scaled near apex.

Abdomen 9-segmented dorsally, almost cylindrical; each segment almost in the same width; segment 1 to 7 with an ambulatory ampulla on dorsal and ventral sides; ventral ampulla of segment 7 somewhat indistinct. Ambulatory ampullae subelliptically convex, with a pair of latero-longitudinal grooves and a medio- transverse groove in anterior 1/3, and also having V-shaped oblique grooves in central portion, devoid of microgranulated spinules. Ventral ambulatory ampullae similar to dorsal ones, but V-shaped oblique grooves shallow and inconspicuous. Pleural disc absent. Abdominal segment 10 small, roundly prominent from the distal portion of segment 9. Anal plate triforous.

Head width: 4 mm; head length: 3.8 mm.

Body length: 32 mm ”.

Geographical distribution ( Fig. 326 ). Japan (Ryukyu Islands: Amami-Ôshima Islands and Okinawa Islands).

Material examined. JAPAN, Ryukyu Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture: Amami-Ôshima Island (Chuorindo), 1 M, 1 F, VII.10.2008, H. Kitamura coll. ( MMPC); ( Mount Akatsuchi-yama ) , M, VII.03.1979, T. Mizunuma coll. ( KMCT); F, VII.14.1979, N. Yamamoto coll. ( OMNH); F, VII.5-VIII.2.1980, N. Yamamoto coll. ( MZSP); M, (ex-Collection Hajime Yokoyama), VII.5.1980, H. Yokoyama coll. ( OMNH) ; [Amami-Chuo (Central)-rindo], M, (ex-Collection Hajime Yokoyama), VII.9.1979, T. Mizunuma coll. ( OMNH); ( Hatsuno ) , holotype M, VII.7.1961, T. Shibata coll. ( KCMI) ; F, (ex-Collection Hajime Yokoyama), VII.6.1970, H. Yokoyama coll. ( OMNH) ; 2 M, VII.3.1972, I. Matoba coll. ( HNCO); 2 F, VI.26.1972, T. Ochi coll. ( KMCT); 2 M, VIII.20.1973, I. Matoba coll. ( HNCO); M, F, VII.20.1974. I. Matoba coll. ( HNCO); F, VII.20.1975, I. Matoba coll. ( HNCO); M, F, V.3.1976, I. Matoba coll. ( HNCO); ( Kawauchi ) , M, VI.26.1987, K. Mori coll. ( NOCO); ( Mount Yuwan-dake ) , 2 F, VII.10-11.1978, N. Yamamoto coll. ( HNCO); M, VII.19.1979, [no collector indicated] ( UNCO); M, VII.12.1979, N. Yamamoto coll. ( OMNH); 4 M, 6 F, VII.15.1980, N. Yamamoto coll. ( HNCO). Okinawa Prefecture: Okinawa Island ( Mount Terukubi-yama , Kunigami-son), 1 M, 1 F, VII.20.1998, K. Horiuchi coll. ( NOCO) ; M, VII.21.2007, T. Mori coll. ( KMCT); F, VII.21.2007, T. Mori coll. ( MMPC); 2 M, 1 F, VII.23.2008, T. Mori coll. ( KMCT).

Types, type locality. Holotype male, from Japan (Hatsuno, Amami-Ôshima Islands ), originally from the T. Shibata Collection, currently deposited at KCMI . Paratype female, from Taiwan (Botel Tobago = Lanyu Island), deposited at National Museum of Nature and Science (Tokyo, Japan).

Hayashi (1981), in the description of Parandra lanyuana , recorded: “The type designation of the paratype of P. shibatai Hayashi (1 [female symbol], Botel Tobago, off SE Formosa, April 1936, T. Kano leg., in Nat. Sci. Mus., designated by Hayashi, 1963) has to be cancelled for shibatai ”. That nomenclatural act has no base in the ICZN (1999), and also in the ICZN (1964), that was the version in force in the time in which Hayashi (1981) described P. lanyuana , in other words, the paratype female of P. shibatai remains as paratype of that species, even being of the species P. lanyuana . It is important to observe that Hayashi (1981) did not designate this paratype female of P. shibatai as paratype of P. lanyuana .

Comments. Hayashi (1961a) was the first to record the occurrence of Parandrinae in Japan, to refer to the specimen that would be the holotype of Komiyandra shibatai , as Parandra janus . However, already on that occasion, he reported differences between those species: “The specimen seems to be somewhat different from the original species by the shape of prothorax and prosternal process, but similar to the [female symbol] reported from Botel Tobago, off SE Formosa by Kano (1939) where was the previously known northern limit of this species”. Undoubtedly, the species with which Hayashi (1961a) compared K. shibatai , is not the true Parandra janus , that is notably different, but one of the new species described in this work.

Hayashi (1963) recorded as one of the differential characteristics between K. shibatai and K. janus , the form of the posterior angle of the prothorax that, according to the author, would be obtuse in the first one and rectangular in the second one. That character, besides being more or less variable, does not separate K. shibatai from the true K. janus ( Fig. 405 ), whose lectotype shows the posterior angles of the prothorax identical to that of the holotype of the first one. That demonstrates that, like the authors who preceded him, Hayashi (1961 a, 1963) did not know the true K. janus (= P. janus ). However, Hayashi (1961a, 1962) was correct while affirming that K. shibatai is very similar to K. formosana and K. lanyuana .

Komiyandra shibatai differs from K. formosana by the: ventral sensorial area of antennomere XI divided by carina, complete or partial (large specimens); metatibiae enlarged, rounded in most of dorsal face; metatarsomere V ( Fig. 300 ) not notably enlarged at basal half. In K. formosana , the sensorial area of antennomere XI never is divided by carina, the metatibiae is not notably enlarged and they are flat or sulcate on dorsal face, and metatarsomere V ( Fig. 301 ) is distinctly enlarged at basal half. Differs from K. lanyuana by the presence of carina in ventral sensorial area of antennomere XI (large specimens), by form of metatibiae, and by form of central projection of labrum in females, that is narrow and distinctly acute at apex. In K. lanyuana , the ventral sensorial area of antennomere XI is never divided by carina, metatibiae are not notably enlarged, and central projection of labrum in females is moderately wide and slightly emarginated or truncate at apex. Finally, differs from K. uenoi by form of ventral sensorial area of antennomere XI, by form of metatibiae, and by form of central projection of labrum. In K. uenoi , ventral sensorial area of antennomere XI is similar to K. formosana and K. lanyuana , central projection of labrum is similar to K. formosana , and metatibiae are notably narrow in dorsal view.

Figures

Figure 1-44. Labrum. 1) Papuandra araucariae, male. 2) P. araucariae, female. 3) P. gressitti, holotype male. 4) P. weigeli, holotype male. 5) P. weigeli, paratype female. 6) P. queenslandensis, holotype female. 7) P. norfolkensis, holotype male. 8) P. norfolkensis, paratype female. 9) P. rothschildi, holotype male. 10) P. rothschildi, paratype female. 11) P. oberthueri, holotype female. 12) Caledonandra austrocaledonica, male. 13) C. austrocaledonica, female. 14) C. passandroides, male. 15) C. passandroides, female. 16) Storeyandra frenchi, male. 17) S. frenchi, female. 18) Malukandra heterostyla, holotype male. 19) M. jayawijayana, holotype male. 20) M. hornabrooki, holotype male. 21) M. hornabrooki, paratype female. 22) Melanesiandra striatifrons, male. 23) M. striatifrons, holotype female of Parandra vitiensis. 24) M. solomonensis, male. 25) M. solomonensis, female. 26) M. bougainvillensis, holotype male. 27) M.bougainvillensis, paratype female.28) M.birai, holotype male. 29) Stenandra kolbei, female. 30) Hawaiiandra puncticeps, male. 31) Komiyandra janus, female. 32) K. shibatai, male. 33) K. shibatai, female. 34) K. formosana, male. 35) K. formosana, female. 36) K. lanyuana, male. 37) K. lanyuana, female. 38) K. javana, holotype male. 39) K. javana, paratype female. 40) K. nayani, paratype male. 41) K. nayani, paratype female. 42) K. ohbayashii, holotype male. 43) K. ohbayashii, paratype female. 44) K. vivesi, holotype male.

Figure 90-104. Head, lateral view. 90) Papuandra queenslandensis, holotype female. 91) P. rothschildi, holotype male. 92) P. oberthueri, holotype female. 93) Stenandra kolbei, female. 94) Komiyandra shibatai, male. 95) K. formosana, male. 96) K. lanyuana, male. 97) K. javana, holotype male. 98) K. nayani, paratype male. 99) K. ohbayashii, holotype male. 100) K. luzonica, paratype male. 101) K. philippinensis, paratype male. 102) K. mindanao, holotype male. 103) K. mehli, paratype male. 104) K. vivesi, holotype male.

Figure 148-176. Mandibles, dorsal view. 148) Papuandra norfolkensis, holotype male (left mandible). 149) P. norfolkensis, holotype male (right mandible). 150) P. norfolkensis, paratype female. 151) P. rothschildi, holotype male. 152) P. rothschildi, paratype female. 153) Komiyandra janus, female. 154) K. shibatai, male. 155) K. shibatai, female. 156) K. formosana, male. 157) K. formosana, female. 158) K. lanyuana, male. 159) K. lanyuana female. 160) K. javana, holotype male. 161) K. javana, paratype female. 162) K. nayani, paratype male. 163) K. nayani, paratype female.164) K. ohbayashii, holotype male. 165) K. ohbayashii, paratype female. 166) K. luzonica, holotype male. 167) K. luzonica, paratype female. 168) K. philippinensis, holotype male. 169) K. philippinensis, paratype female. 170) K. mindanao, holotype male. 171) K. mindanao, paratype female. 172) K. mehli, holotype male. 173) K. mehli, paratype female. 174) K. vivesi, holotype male. 175) K. lombokia, holotype male. 176) K. lombokia, paratype female.

Figure 218-234. Antenna. 218) Malukandra jayawijayana, holotype male. 219) M. hornabrooki, paratype female. 220) Caledonandra austrocaledonica, male. 221) C. passandroides, male. 222) Melanesiandra striatifrons, male. 223) M. solomonensis, male. 224) M. bougainvillensis, holotype male. 225) M. birai, holotype male.226) Papuandra araucariae, male. 227) P. gressitti, holotype male. 228) P. weigeli, holotype male. 229) P. queenslandensis, holotype female. 230) P. norfolkensis, holotype male. 231) P. rothschildi, paratype male. 232) P. oberthueri, holotype female. 233) Komiyandra janus, female. 234) K. shibatai, male.

Figure 277-299. Metatarsus. 277) Komiyandra shibatai, male. 278) K. formosana, male. 279) K. lanyuana, male. 280) K. javana, paratype male. 281) K. nayani, paratype male. 282) K. ohbayashii, holotype male. 283) K. luzonica, paratype male. 284) K. philippinensis, paratype male. 285) K. mindanao, holotype male. 286) K. mehli, paratype male. 287) K. vivesi, holotype male. 288) K. lombokia, paratype male. 289) K. sulawesiana, holotype male. 290) K. irianjayana, holotype male. 291) K. menieri, holotype male. 292) K. sangihe, holotype male. 293) K. mindoro, holotype male. 294) K. niisatoi, holotype male. 295) K. drumonti, holotype male. 296) K. cabigasi, paratype male. 297) K. koni, paratype male. 298) K. poggii, holotype male. 299) K. uenoi, paratype male.

Figure 300-314. 300-303) Metatarsomere V. 300) Komiyandra shibatai, male. 301) K. formosana, male. 302) K. lanyuana, male. 303) K. uenoi, holotype male. 304-311) Aedeagus. 304) K. shibatai, parameres. 305) K. shibatai, median lobe. 306) K. formosana, parameres. 307) K. formosana, median lobe. 308) K. lanyuana, parameres. 309) K. lanyuana, median lobe. 310) K. uenoi, paratype parameres. 311) K. uenoi, paratype median lobe. 312-314) Antennomere XI. 312) K. nayani, paratype male. 313) K. javana, holotype male. 314) Melanesiandra striatifrons, male.

Figure 323-328. Maps. 323) Komiyandra koni (circle), K. johkii (square), K. poggii (star). 324) K. nayani. 325) Caledonandra passandroides. 326) Komiyandra shibatai. 327) Melanesiandra solomonensis. 328) Komiyandra javana.

Figure 410-415. Habitus. 410) Komiyandra shibatai, male, dorsal view. 411) K. shibatai, male, ventral view. 412) K. shibatai, female, dorsal view. 413) K. formosana, male, dorsal view. 414) K. formosana, female, ventral view. 415) K. formosana, female, dorsal view.

Figure 403-409. Habitus. 403) Papuandra oberthueri, holotype female, dorsal view. 404) P. oberthueri, holotype female, ventral view. 405) Komiyandra janus, lectotype male, dorsal view. 406) K. janus, lectotype male, ventral view. 407) K. janus, lectotype male, head and prothorax. 408) K. janus, lectotype male, labels. 409) K. janus, female, dorsal view.