Liriomyza trifoliearum Spencer, 1973

Lonsdale, Owen, 2021, Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the " Delmarva " states, ZooKeys 1051, pp. 1-481 : 1

Liriomyza trifoliearum Spencer

Figs 632-635

Liriomyza pictella . Misidentification. Frick 1959: 408.

Liriomyza trifoliearum Spencer in Spencer and Stegmaier 1973: 107. Spencer and Steyskal 1986: 296; Scheffer et al. 2007: 772; Lonsdale 2011: 104, 2017: 96; Scheffer and Lonsdale 2018: 87; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018: 56.

Description.

Wing length 1.8-2.3 mm (♂), 1.8-2.2 mm (♀). Length of ultimate section of vein M4 divided by penultimate section: 1.5-4.0. Eye height divided by gena height: 2.8-3.2. Scutum subshiny.

Chaetotaxy: Two ori (sometimes three on one side); two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four or five irregular rows.

Colouration: Head mostly yellow; ocellar triangle, back of head, clypeus and posterolateral margin of frons to base of inner vertical seta dark brown; fronto-orbital plate brown to base of posterior or anterior ors (fading anteriorly), or with light mottling at base of setae; face light brown to yellow; posteroventral margin of gena with narrow brownish stripe; first flagellomere sometimes with distal margin infuscated. Scutum with complete lateral yellow stripe that is sometimes brown posteriorly. Scutellum yellow with lateral corner brown. Metanotum brown, usually with katatergite partially yellow dorsally. Pleuron brown with dorsal 1/4 or less of anepisternum, mottling on anepimeron, dorsal margin of meron and dorsal or dorsomedial margin of katepisternum yellow; katepisternal seta usually enclosed by brown but sometimes on yellow border. Calypter margin and hairs dark. Coxae (sometimes excluding apex to distal 2/3 of fore coxa), tibiae and tarsi brown; base of femora brown (sometimes only dorsally in eastern material or with mid femur entirely yellow), remainder of segment variably patterned, but usually paler on fore or mid femora, and infrequently entirely brown with only apex and anteroventral surface yellow. Abdomen brown, sometimes with posterior margin of tergites 2-5 yellow.

Genitalia: (Figs 632-635 ) Epandrium with one posterodistal spine. Surstylus slightly narrowing distally and with two subapical spines with outer spine slightly smaller. Apical membrane of basiphallus produced into one pair of pointed paraphalli. Hypophallus absent or present as small offset sclerotised plate. Mesophallus slightly longer than wide, most heavily sclerotised laterally and dorsally; mesophallus and distiphallus with complete ventral suture. Distiphallus short, entirely divided medially with halves narrow, weakly sclerotised apically and with several inner-marginal points. Ejaculatory apodeme narrow and poorly developed with venter of sperm pump broadly sclerotised.

Hosts.

Cleomaceae - Cleome . Fabaceae - Coronilla , Lupinus , Medicago , Phaseolus , Pisum , Securigera , Trifolium . Lamiaceae - Trichostema . Malvaceae - Eremalche . Solanaceae - Solanum . ( Lonsdale 2011, 2017; Eiseman and Lonsdale 2018)

Distribution.

Canada: AB, BC, NB, NS, ON, PE, QC, SK. USA: AZ, CA, DE, FL, MA, MD, NM, NY, OH, OR, PA, UT, VA, WA, WI, WV.

Type material.

Holotype: USA. FL: Gainesville, 24.iv.1964, ex. Trifolium repens , D.H. Habeck (1♂, USNM).

Additional material examined.

USA. CA: Lake Co., McLaughlin Natural Reserve , 18.iv.2016, E. LoPresti, Trichostema laxum , em. 1-4.v.2016, #CSE2437, CNC654495, CNC654496 (2♂, CNC), FL: Gainesville, R.N. Wilson (1♂, USNM), MD: Montgomery Co. , Colesville, 4.vi.1977, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), Colesville, 4.ix.1977, Malaise trap, W.W. Wirth (1♀, USNM), OR: Mt. Hood , Hoods Rapids, 29.vii.1921, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Lake Co. , 9mi SE Fort Rock, 3.vii.1971, G. Steyskal (2♂, USNM), UT: Timpanogos Mt. , 25.vi.1940, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM), Salt Lake Laboratory , 22.viii.1913, L.P. Rockwood (1♂ 2♀, USNM), Salt Lake , C.N. Ainslie, 15.vii.1912, reared from Agromyza mines (3♂ 3♀, USNM), Salt Lake , C.N. Ainslie, reared from alfalfa leaf mines, "May 11" (1♂, USNM), Salt Lake , C.N. Ainslie, 2.ix.1912, reared from alfalfa mine (1♀, USNM), Salt Lake, T.H. Parks (1♂ 2♀, USNM), WA: Eusum, 28.vi.1917, A.L. Melander (1♂, USNM). Also see Lonsdale (2011, 2017) .

Figures

Figures 626 - 635. Liriomyza temperata Spencer, male genitalia 626 external components, ventral 627 ejaculatory apodeme 628 phallus, ventral 629 phallus, left lateral 630 holotype phallus, left lateral 631 holotype phallus, ventral. Originally published in Lonsdale (2011), with holotype phallus venter reprinted from Spencer and Steyskal (1986) 632 - 635 L. trifoliearum Spencer, male genitalia 632 ejaculatory apodeme 633 external genitalia, ventral 634 phallus, left lateral 635 phallus, ventral. Originally published in Lonsdale (2011).