Artoria berenice (L. Koch, 1877)

Framenau, Volker W. & Baehr, Barbara C., 2018, The wolf spider genus Artoria in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia (Araneae, Lycosidae, Artoriinae), Evolutionary Systematics 2 (2), pp. 169-241 : 169

Artoria berenice (L. Koch, 1877) Figs 10C, D, G, H, 11 A–H, 12, 46H Berenice’s Forest Runner

Lycosa berenice L. Koch, 1877: 937-938, pl. 81, figs 3, 3A.- Rainbow 1911: 265; McKay 1985: 75.

Pardosa versicolor L. Koch, 1877: 966-968, pl. 84., fig. 4.- Rainbow 1911: 276; Roewer 1955: 185; McKay 1973: 378; McKay 1985: 85 (synonymy established in Framenau (2005)).

Lycosa naevia L. Koch, 1878: 978-979, pl. 85, figs 5, 5A (preoccupied by Lycosa naevia L. Koch, 1875; = Pardosa naevia ( Koch 1875)).- Rainbow 1911: 270 (synonymy established in Framenau (2005)).

Lycosa ambrymiana Berland, 1938: 184-185, figs 153-156.- Roewer 1955: 271 (synonymy established in Framenau (2005)).

Tarentula naeviella (Roewer, 1951): 442 (replacement name for Lycosa naevia L. Koch, 1878).

Avicosa berenice (L. Koch).- Roewer 1955: 236.

Hogna naeviella (Roewer).- Roewer 1955: 253; Rack 1961: 38.

Lycosa naeviella (Roewer).- McKay 1973: 379; McKay 1985: 80.

Schizocosa berenice (L. Koch).- McKay 1973: 381.

Artoria versicolor (L. Koch).- Framenau 2002: 230-231; figs 27 A–F, 28.

Artoria berenice (L. Koch).- Framenau 2005: 272-273, figs 3, 4.

Material examined.

Holotype female of Lycosa berenice L. Koch. 1877, no locality given, Bradley Collection, considered lost (not examined). Syntypes of Pardosa versicolor L. Koch, 1877, unknown number of male and female specimens, Sydney (33°53'S, 151°13'E, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA), Bradley Collection, considered lost (not examined). Holotype female of Lycosa naevia L. Koch, 1878, Sydney, (33°53'S, 151°13'E, New South Wales, AUSTRALIA), Museum Godeffroy No. 14560 (ZSMH A0000051, Rack (1961) -catalogue 469 (examined). Holotype female of Lycosa ambrymiana Berland, 1938, Mont Marum, Ambrym (16°15'5"S, 168°07'E, VANUATU), 9 January 1936, Aubert de la Rue, 900 m (MNHP) (not examined). Allotype male of Lycosa ambrymiana Berland, 1938, data as holotype (MNHP) (not examined).

Other material examined.

237 males, 239 females (1 with eggsac, 1 with spiderlings) and 27 juveniles in 152 records (all NSW). AUSTRALIA: New South Wales: 1 male, 4 km NE of Mount Wog Wog, 17 km SE Bombala, 37°04 ’30” S, 149°28 ’00” E (AM KS98806); 1 female, same locality (AM KS98802); 1 female, Armidale Point Lookout, 30°29'S, 152°25'E (AM KS48847); 1 female, Badja State Forest, Wiola Creek Fire Trail, 36°05 ’24” S, 149°34 ’51” E (AM KS66806); 1 female, Ballengarra State Forest, 2 km S of Ballengarra Creek crossing on Greys Road, 31°14 ’48” S, 152°45 ’53” E (AM KS39781); 5 males, 1 female, Barren Grounds Nature Reserve, 14 km NW Jamberoo, Illawarra Escarpment, 34°40 ’28” S, 150°42 ’45” E (AM KS63093, KS63097, KS63099); 1 male, Barrington Tops National Park, 40 m off Barrington Tops Forest Road, 31°54 ’51” S, 151°29 ’54” E (AM KS123078); 1 male, Barrington Tops National Park, Gloucester Tops, gate on Kerripit Road, 32°03 ’43” S, 151°34 ’39” E (AM KS128554); 6 males, 2 females, Barrington Tops Reserve, Barrington Trail, 31°56 ’37” S, 151°26 ’53” E (AM KS102918); 2 males, 2 females, Barrington Tops State Forest, W of junction Thunderbolts Trail and Devils Hole Track, 31°54 ’56” S, 151°28 ’37” E (AM KS39782); 1 male, Barrington Tops State Forest, Tugalow Creek, Barrington Trail, E side of trail, 31°54 ’41” S, 151°26 ’39” E (AM KS39786); 1 female, Beaury State Forest, Rocky Waterholes Road, 28°32 ’49” S, 152°20 ’11” E (AM KS36158); 1 female, Bellinger River State Forest, NW of Thora, 30°25 ’03” S, 152°45 ’30” E (AM KS75350); 1 female, Ben Halls Gap State Forest, (AM KS89900); 2 females, Boorook State Forest, 1 km E of main road, 28°49 ’20” S, 152°11 ’14” E (AM KS36994); 2 females, Boorook State Forest, Boorook Creek Crossing, Colongan Road, 28°51 ’53” S, 152°11 ’46” E (AM KS37004); 4 males, Booti Booti National Park, 32°14 ’44” S, 152°32 ’33” E (AM KS61857-8, KS61863, KS61901); 1 male, 2 females, Botany, 33°57'S, 151°12'E (AM KS4139, KS66168, KS84085); 3 females, Boundary Creek State Forest, 1.9 km along Sheas Nob Road from Boundary Road, 29°59 ’25” S, 152°34 ’33” E (AM KS39773); 1 male, Boundary Creek State Forest, 100 m S of junction of Dills Road and Boundary Creek Road, 29°58 ’14” S, 152°36 ’51” E (AM KS39775); 7 females, Boundary Creek State Forest, 1 km N along Joebill Road from Shannon Creek Road, 29°56 ’13” S, 152°33 ’12” E (AM KS39772); 1 female, Bulga State Forest, 600 m N of Homewoods Road, 2.8 km W of Knodingbul Road, 31°37 ’03” S, 152°07 ’44” E (AM KS40745); 1 male, Bungawalbin State Forest, 29°09 ’48” S, 153°07 ’39” E (AM KS88482); 1 female, Bungawalbin State Forest, 29°08 ’04” S, 153°08 ’01” E (AM KS88456); 1 male, Bungonia, 34°48'S, 150°01'E (WAM T55469); 1 male, Bungonia Caves area near Information Centre, 34°48 ’02” S, 150°00 ’57” E (AM KS85150); 1 female, ridge between Camp Creek and Stydgy Creek, 28°46 ’18” S, 152°18 ’08” E (AM KS37016); 3 males, Carrai State Forest, 31°00 ’19” S, 152°16 ’24” E (AM KS120314); 2 females, 1 juv., Carrai State Forest, Fifes Knob Road, 2 km from Fifes Fire Trail, 30°54 ’55” S, 152°22 ’08” E (AM KS39994); 6 females, Carrai State Forest, Fifes Knob Road, 4 km from Fifes Fire Trail, 30°54 ’03” S, 152°22 ’12” E (AM KS39993); 1 female, Conglomerat State Forest, 1.7 km NW along Murphy’s Road from Madmans Creek bridge, on S side of ridge, 30°03 ’57” S, 153°05 ’58” E (AM KS39774); 2 males, Coolah Tops National Park, Breeza Lookout, 31°49 ’17” S, 150°11 ’28” E (AM KS75150, KS75413); 3 male, 1 female, Coolah Tops National Park, Bald Hill Track., 2.5 km from The Forest Road, 31°45 ’02” S, 150°01 ’26” E (AM KS75080, KS75089); 1 female, Coolah Tops National Park, The Forest Road, 0.3km E of Hildegard Road, 31°43 ’59” S, 150°02 ’04” E (AM KS75426); 3 male, Coolangubra State Forest, Gawcool, 37°00'S, 149°22'E (collno5 KS73186, KS73191); 3 males, Devils Pulpit State Forest, 29°15 ’45” S, 153°13 ’46” E (collno5 KS88488, KS88490-1); 1 female, Doubleduke State Forest, junction of Range Road and Lockleys Road, 29°14 ’04” S, 153°11 ’10” E (AM KS39769); 1 male, Doubleduke State Forest, Jackybulbin Flat Road, 0.3 km S of junction with Range Road, 29°14 ’17” S, 153°9 ’45” E (AM KS39770); 2 males, East Boyd State Forest, Anteater Road, 37°12'S, 149°45'E (AM KS116390, KS116411); 1 female, Enfield State Forest, 31°57 ’9” S, 151°51 ’40” E (AM KS74567);1 female, Enfield State Forest, Dodds Fire Trail, 2 km from Enfield Road on Scrubby Creek, 31°23 ’57” S, 151°52 ’39” E (AM KS39779); 2 females, Enfield State Forest, Double Dumps fire trail, 700 m off Daisy Patch Road, 31°20 ’49” S, 151°54 ’01” E (AM KS39778); 2 females, Enfield State Forest, Mummel Forest Road, 6.1 km N of junction with Enfield Road, 31°17 ’36” S, 151°51 ’43” E (AM KS39776); 2 males, 3 females, Enfield State Forest, Mummel Forest Road, 8.8 km N of junction with Enfield Forest Road, 31°16 ’44” S, 151°50 ’47” E (AM KS39777); 1 male, Ewingar State Forest, Nogrigar Road, 29°9 ’17” S, 152°26 ’11” E (AM KS39771); 1 female, Frazer Reserve, Wahroonga, 33°43'S, 151°08'E (AM KS54478); 3 females, Gilgurry State Forest, Rivertree Fire Trail, on ridge 2 km NNE from turnoff, 28°45 ’18” S, 152°15 ’52” E (AM KS37021); 1 male, Jamberoo Mountain, 34°40'S, 150°43'E (AM KS65686); 53 males, 11 females, 6 juv., Jamieson Park, Narrabeen, 33°43'S, 151°18'E (AM KS44530, KS44534, KS44537-8, KS44542, KS44587, KS49025, KS49041, KS49631); 1 female, Kangaroo River State Forest, 1.5 km along Burns Road from junction with Kangaroo Creek Road, 30°04 ’19” S, 152°52 ’31” E (AM KS39789); 1 male, Kunderang Station Creek, above, NE facing slope, 30°48 ’26” S, 152°06 ’26” E (AM KS85383); 1 male, Ku-Ring-Gai Chase National Park, Challenger Track, 33°35'S, 151°16'E (WAM T108510); 1 male, Ku-Ring-Gai Chase National Park, McCarrs Creek, 33°39 ’47” S, 151°15 ’48” E (ZMUC); 4 males, 3 females, Mangrove, 3 km SW, 33°22 ’28” S, 151°15 ’39” E (AM KS61754, KS63308); 6 females, 7 juv., Marengo State Forest, 0.4 km ENE junction Hardens and Chaelundi Roads, 30°08 ’15” S, 152°25 ’18” E (AM KS35665); 1 male, 1 female, Marengo State Forest, 0.4 km SW on Chimney Road from Buckboard and Foamy Creek Roads, 30°06 ’9” S, 152°25 ’11” E (AM KS35673); 3 females, Marengo State Forest, 2.2 km NE on Chimney Road from Chaelundi Road, 30°06 ’21” S, 152°24 ’41” E (AM KS35677); 1 female, Money Creek, Gosford, 33°25'S, 151°20'E (AM KS84084); 7 females, Morgan Creek, 5.9 km NE from creek crossing, 28°46 ’31” S, 152°18 ’45” E (AM KS37028); 4 males, 1 female, Mount Kembla, Sydney Catchment Authority Reserve, 34°26 ’33” S, 150°44 ’24” E (AM KS63004, KS63039, KS128555); 3 males, Mt Boss State Forest (Easy Creek), 31°12'S, 152°24'E (AM KS43539); 12 males, 1 juv., Mt Boss State Forest (Fenwicks), 31°12'S, 152°24'E (AM KS43514); 29 males, 4 females, 1 juv., Mt Boss State Forest (Kota), 31°12'S, 152°24'E (AM KS84087); 1 male, Mt Gillies, near Mt Lindsay, 30°16'S, 150°10'E (QM S64001); 3 females, Mt Hyland Nature Reserve, 0.9 km S on Chaelundi Road from Big Bull Road, 30°9 ’14” S, 152°27 ’58” E (AM KS35669); 2 males, Mt Hyland Nature Reserve, 1.9 km N on Chaelundi Road from Big Bull Road, 30°08 ’55” S, 152°26 ’36” E (AM KS35664); 8 females, Mt Royal Road, 56 km NW Singleton, 32°15'S, 151°20'E (AM KS86801); 2 males, 1 female, Munmorah State Recreation Area, 33°12 ’34” S, 151°34 ’59” E (AM KS61860, KS61910, KS64050); 2 males, Munmorah State Recreation Area, 33°13 ’9” S, 151°34 ’15” E (AM KS61882,KS61903); 1 female, Muogamarra Nature Reserve, Pacific Hwy, 0.7 km SE Bird Gully Swamp, 33°33 ’42” S, 151°11 ’15” E (AM KS61818); 1 female, Nerang State Forest, Sharpers Creek, Boundary Road, N of Sharpers Road, 32°31 ’37” S, 152°07 ’13” E (AM KS39780); 1 female, New England National Park, opposite Tom’s Cabin, 30°29 ’55” S, 152°23 ’51” E (AM KS91020); 1 male, North Roto, North of Coombe, 32°03'S, 145°28'E (NMV K7704); 1 male, Oxley Wild Rivers National Park, East Kunderang Track, 30°48 ’25” S, 152°07 ’09” E (AM KS125239); 3 males, 1 female, 1 juv., Nowra, 34°53'S, 150°36'E (AM KS85384); 1 male, 2 females, Nullo Mountain State Forest, approx. 200 m from Coxs Creek Road and 8 km east of Coxs Creek, 32°44 ’40” S, 150°13 ’24” E (AM KS122739); 1 female, Oakwood State Forest, 250 m upstream of London Bridge Fire Trail, 29°54 ’23” S, 152°05 ’25” E (AM KS36954); 1 female, Phoenix Cave, Bungonia, 34°48 ’02” S, 150°00 ’57” E (AM KS14415); 1 female, Pittwater, Sydney, 33°36'S, 151°18'E (AM KS84088); 1 female, Ponderosa Forest Park, Nundle State Forest, 31°27 ’30” S, 151°15 ’00” E (QM S64000); 1 male, 3 females, Private land 'Forster Kennels’, 150 m from Failford Road and 400m west of Failford, 32°05 ’33” S, 152°26 ’34” E (AM KS122815); 3 males, 4 females, Private Land 'Franks Breakaway’, 1 km from Narango Road and 3 km east of Olinda, 32°50 ’05” S, 150°11 ’04” E (AM KS122759); 1 female, Putty State Forest; approx. 80 m from Hunter Main Trail and just past '3 Ways’, 32°45 ’26” S, 150°33 ’45” E (AM KS122282); 1 female, Ramornie State Forest, Main Creek, track off Mt Tindal Road, 29°43 ’01” S, 152°38 ’24” E (AM KS39768); 14 females, Ramornie State Forest, Mt Tindal Road, 29°41 ’49” S, 152°35 ’00” E (AM KS39763); 1 female, Ramornie State Forest, Mt Tindal Road, 29°42 ’12” S, 152°35 ’26” E (AM KS39764); 1 female, Ramornie State Forest, track off Mt Tindal Road, headwaters of Valoren, 29°42 ’18” S, 152°35 ’52” E (AM KS39765); 1 female, Ramornie State Forest, track off T-Ridge Road, 29°43 ’00” S, 152°33 ’23” E (AM KS39766); 5 females, Ramornie State Forest, T-Ridge Road, 29°43 ’13” S, 152°33 ’38” E (AM KS39767); 2 males, 1 female, Riamukka State Forest, 31°22 ’55” S, 151°45 ’44” E (AM KS74621); 3 females, Richmond Ranges State Forest, Mt Brown Road (0.1 km N from Y intersection), 28°37 ’56” S, 152°43 ’18” E (AM KS36022); 1 male, Royal National Park, Sir Bertram Stevens Drive, ca. 0.3 km E Artillery Hill, 34°04 ’55” S, 151°03 ’40” E (AM KS63165); 15 males, 7 females, Barrington Tops Reserve, Barrington Trail, 31°56 ’37” S, 151°26 ’53” E (AM KS102928); 1 male, Seven Mile Beach National Park, picnic area, 34°47 ’30” S, 150°46 ’44” E (AM KS119174); 1 female, 1 juv., St Georges Basin, 35°05'S, 150°35'E (AM KS22641); 5 females, Stewarts Brook State Forest, 31°56 ’15” S, 151°26 ’26” E (AM KS39787); 1 female, Stewarts Brook State Forest, 0.7 km W along unnamed logging track from Brook Road, 31°54 ’16” S, 151°23 ’36” E (AM KS39783); 26 males, 22 females, Stewarts Brook State Forest, 2.5 km S of junction of Tubrabucca and Omadale Brook Roads, 31°54 ’55” S, 151°23 ’59” E (AM KS39788); 1 female, Stewarts Brook State Forest, Bull Gully, W junction of Bull Gully and Bull Ridge Roads, 31°57 ’24” S, 151°22 ’36” E (AM KS39785); 2 females, Stewarts Brook State Forest, junction Bull Ridge Road and Barrington Forest Road, 31°57 ’18” S, 151°23 ’29” E (AM KS39784); 1 male, 4 females, Styx River State Forest, 30°31 ’18” S, 152°20 ’32” E (AM KS74658); 4 males, 1 female, 4 juv., Styx River State Forest, off Cunnawarra Trail, 30°32 ’36” S, 152°20 ’46” E (AM KS35648); 2 females, 5 juv., Styx River State Forest, off Cunnawarra Trail, about 2 km N Cunnawarra Creek, 30°32 ’49” S, 152°20 ’16” E (AM KS35649); 2 females, Sydney, 33°53'S, 151°13'E (MMUS); 1 female, Wahroonga Fraser Reserve, 33°43'S, 151°08'E (AM KS57285); 4 females, Warra State Forest, Moggs Swamp Fire Trail, 2.5 km N of Moggs Swamp Creek, 29°57 ’32” S, 151°58 ’18” E (AM KS36965); 2 females, Washpool National Park, North West Fire Trail, 29°27 ’30” S, 152°16 ’52” E (AM KS37043); 1 female, Washpool National Park, Washpool Forest Way, 29°24 ’47” S, 152°17 ’00” E (AM KS37042); 1 female, Washpool State Forest, Coobadjah Creek, 0.6 km from Moongem Road, 29°16'S, 152°22'E (AM KS9239); 1 female, Watagans National Park, approx. 40 m from Watagan Forest Road, 33°00 ’20” S, 151°23 ’57” E (AM KS122332); 1 male, Waterfall, 34°08'S, 151°00'E (AM KS85382); 1 female, Werrikimbe National Park, Cobcroft Creek Rest area, 31°13'S, 152°11'E (AM KS54482); 10 males, 3 females, Werrikimbe National Park, Kangaroo Flat, 31°10 ’23” S, 152°9 ’45” E (AM KS120919, KS120938, KS120888, KS120942, KS120952); 6 females, 0.5 km from Wheatley Creek Road on Camp Creek Road, 28°47 ’00” S, 152°19 ’29” E (AM KS37018); 3 females, 3.45 km along Wheatly Creek access Road on Camp Creek Road, 28°47 ’16” S, 152°18 ’56” E (AM KS37026); 15 females, Wheatly Creek headwaters, 28°45 ’07” S, 152°19 ’44” E (AM KS37033); 1 female, 2.8 km from Wheatley Creek access Road (on Camp Creek), 28°47 ’10” S, 152°18 ’37” E (AM KS37012); 1 male, 1 female, Woronora Dam Catchment, Princes Hwy ca. 0.1 km NW Southern, freeway overpass, 34°11 ’31” S, 150°57 ’58” E (AM KS63250); 1 male, Wyrrabalong National Park, 33°16 ’47” S, 151°32 ’40” E (AM KS84086); 1 male, Wyrrabalong National Park, 33°16 ’48” S, 151°32 ’45” E (AM KS64056).

Diagnosis.

Males of A. berenice can easily be distinguished from all other species of Artoria by the presence of a small tooth on the ventral side of the tegular apophysis (Fig. 11E). Females have a distinctive, poorly sclerotized epigyne that is much longer than wide and has the lateral borders widening posteriorly (Fig. 11G).

Description.

Artoria berenice has been described in detail ( Framenau 2002; 2005). A diagnosis and diagnostic images (Figs 10C, D, G, H, 11 A–H, 46H) are provided here to facilitate identification, especially in differentiation from similar newly-described species.

Life history and habitat preferences.

In NSW males and females appear from late August with highest numbers throughout October to January. Males are rarely found in March but then appear again in April and May. Females occur throughout summer and autumn until May, with two activity peaks in November/December and April and can sometimes be found into the winter months. A female with eggsac was found in November and one with spiderlings in December.

Artoria berenice is a forest species. Habitat descriptions found on collection labels include 'wet sclerophyll’, 'semi-cleared woodland near Pinus plantation’, 'grassy forest’, ' Eucalyptus botryoides - Allocasuarina torulosa , open forest’, ' Angophora costata woodland ridge top, open forest’, but also 'gravel pit’, and 'cave entrance, cave in doline’.

Distribution.

In NSW, A. berenice is particularly found east of the Great Dividing Range, i.e. in the coastal South Eastern Queensland (SEQ), NSW North Coastal (NNC), Sydney Basin (SYB), and South East Corner (SEC) IBRA bioregions. It has been found west of the Great Dividing Range, with one single isolated record from central NSW (Fig. 12). Artoria berenice has also been found in Queensland, eastern Victoria and throughout Tasmania and occurs in New Caledonia and Vanuatu ( Framenau 2005).