Xangoniscus jonasi López-Orozco, Bichuette & Campos-Filho, 2024

López-Orozco, Carlos Mario, Borja-Arrieta, Ricardo, Carpio-Díaz, Yesenia Margarita, Gallão, Jonas Eduardo, Campos-Filho, Ivanklin Soares & Bichuette, Maria Elina, 2024, Describing to preserve – three new species of Xangoniscus (Oniscidea, Styloniscidae) of unprotected caves in dry areas from Bahia state, northeastern Brazil, Subterranean Biology 50, pp. 79-104 : 79-104

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3897/subtbiol.50.139914
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:98DE6D7C-2352-480A-8B85-24B6B14F8279
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14418459
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/95728AF8-FF5C-5659-B36F-A15236D057B6
treatment provided by	Subterranean Biology by Pensoft
scientific name	Xangoniscus jonasi López-Orozco, Bichuette & Campos-Filho
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Xangoniscus jonasi López-Orozco, Bichuette & Campos-Filho sp. nov.

Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 7 View Figure 7 , 8 View Figure 8 , 9 View Figure 9 , 10 View Figure 10

Type material.

Holotype • 1 male (parts in slides) ( LES 0030097 About LES ), Bahia, Carinhanha, Gruna da Serra Solta cave , - 13.510573, - 43.75207, 24 October 2023, leg. JE Gallão. GoogleMaps

Description.

Maximum body length: male 6.5 mm. Body outline as in Figs 7 A, B View Figure 7 , 8 A View Figure 8 . Colourless (Fig. 7 View Figure 7 ). Dorsal surface smooth, with scattered fringed scale setae (Figs 7 A – E View Figure 7 , 8 B View Figure 8 ). Cephalon (Figs 7 C, D View Figure 7 , 8 C View Figure 8 ) with large quadrangular antennary lobes; vertex with slightly lateral depression to fit antennae when extended backwards, profrons with V-shaped suprantennal line, not surpassing antennule insertion; eyes absent. Pereonite 1 epimera with distal corners not developed frontwards, posterior corners right-angled; pereonites 2–7 epimera gradually directed backwards, posterior corners progressively more acute; pleon narrower than pereon; pleonites 3–5 epimera posterior point not developed (Figs 7 A, B, D View Figure 7 , 8 A View Figure 8 ). Telson with concave sides and rounded apex (Fig. 8 D View Figure 8 ). Antennula (Fig. 8 E View Figure 8 ) composed of three articles, proximal and distal articles subequal in length, second article short, distal article with eight very long aesthetascs. Antenna (Fig. 8 F View Figure 8 ) short, not surpassing pereonite 3 when extended backwards; flagellum of equal length of fifth article of peduncle, composed of three articles subequal in length. Left mandible (Fig. 8 G View Figure 8 ) with two penicils; right mandible (Fig. 8 H View Figure 8 ) with lacinia mobilis and one penicil. Maxillula (Fig. 8 I View Figure 8 ) inner endite with three penicils; outer endite with 5 + 5 teeth, apically simple, and two plumose stalks. Maxilla (Fig. 8 J View Figure 8 ) with setose and bilobate apex, outer lobe smaller. Maxilliped (Fig. 8 K View Figure 8 ) basis enlarged on distal portion bearing fringe of fine setae; first article of palp with two tiny setae, distal articles with three tufts of setae; endite rectangular, outer and medial margins setose, apically with two triangular teeth and large rounded penicil. Uropod (Fig. 8 D View Figure 8 ) branches short, endopod inserted proximally, exopod and endopod equal in length. Pereopods 1–7 (Fig. 9 A – G View Figure 9 ) gradually elongated, with merus, carpus, and propodus bearing sparse setae; dactylus of one claw bearing many setae on inner and outer margins.

Male. Pereopod 1 (Fig. 9 A View Figure 9 ) carpus with large antennal grooming brush. Pereopod 2–4 (Fig. 9 B – D View Figure 9 ) merus with scales on sternal margin. Pereopods 5 and 7 (Fig. 9 E, G View Figure 9 ) without distinct modifications. Pereopod 6 (Fig. 9 F View Figure 9 ) carpus slightly grooved on sternal margin, propodus slightly enlarged on median portion. Genital papilla (Fig. 10 B View Figure 10 ) lanceolate. Pleopod 1 (Fig. 10 A View Figure 10 ) exopod trapezoidal, longer than wide, distal margin slightly convex, inner and outer margins bearing fringe of fine setae; endopod longer than exopod, with narrow basal article and flagelliform distal article; basipod distal margin elongate, longer than exopod, with semicircular apex, with fine and long setae. Pleopod 2 (Fig. 10 C View Figure 10 ) exopod trapezoidal, distal margin slightly convex bearing three setae; endopod of two articles, distal article about three times as long as proximal, with distal margin subquadrangular and apex rounded, with transversal process in V-like on apex in ventral view. Pleopod 3 (Fig. 10 D View Figure 10 ) exopod triangular, longer than wide, covering pleopods 1 and 2, fringed with short setae. Pleopod 4 and 5 (Fig. 10 E, F View Figure 10 ) exopods trapezoidal, wider than long, with margins bearing several short setae.

Etymology.

The new species is named after Jonas Kahnwald, the protagonist of the “ Dark ” series, who explores caves to travel through time and space. The epithet “ jonasi ” is a tribute to the isolation and sense of separation from time and space that caves represent, evoking the central theme of “ Dark ”. The species reflects extreme adaptation to dark depths, just as Jonas adapts to the complexities and paradoxes of time.

Distribution.

Presently known only from Gruna da Serra Solta cave in the Serra do Ramalho karst area, state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil (Fig. 1 View Figure 1 ).

Remarks.

Xangoniscus jonasi sp. nov. differs from all other species of the genus in having the antennula with eight long aesthetascs (vs. two in X. aganju , X. lapaensis , and X. odara , three in X. ibiracatuensis , X. lundi and X. santinhoi , four in X. dagua , four or five in X. ceci , five in X. loboi , six in X. itacarambiensis , twelve in X. chaimowiczi sp. nov.), pleopod 1 basipod distal margin semicircular apex, longer than exopod (vs. simples and shorter than exopod in X. lundi , X. dagua , X. ceci , X. ibiracatuensis , X. itacarambiensis , X. loboi , X. odara , X. santinhoi , acute and longer than exopod in X. chaimowiczi sp. nov., X. lapaensis and X. aganju ).

Natural history.

The species showed low abundance (only one individual caught along the cave). The only individual of X. jonasi sp. nov. captured was found in the aphotic zone on a very wet, muddy substrate, under the cracks formed by the stream current, just a few meters from a pond (Fig. 1 C View Figure 1 ).