Macrothele emei Lin & Li, 2021

Lin, Yejie, Yan, Xunyou, Li, Shuqiang, Ballarin, Francesco & Chen, Haifeng, 2021, Five new species of Macrothele Ausserer, 1871 from China (Araneae, Macrothelidae), ZooKeys 1052, pp. 1-23 : 1

Macrothele emei Lin & Li sp. nov.

Figures 2 , 3 , 13A , 14A , 16

Type material.

Holotype: 1♂ (IZCAS-Ar41850) China, Sichuan Province, Mount Emei, Shengshuige to Huayan Temple, 29.5697°N, 103.4100°E, elevation ca 830 m, 29.IX.2016, Zhe Zhao & Xiaoqing Zhang leg. Paratypes: 1♂3♀ (IZCAS-Ar41851-Ar41854), same data as holotype; 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar41855), China, Sichuan Province, Mount Emei, east of Dapingshanzhuang, Yuanhong Cave, 29.5688°N, 103.4089°E, elevation ca 850 m, 29.IX.2016, Zhe Zhao & Xiaoqing Zhang leg.; 1♂1♀ (IZCAS-Ar41856-Ar41857), China, Sichuan Province, Mount Emei, Zhongfeng Old Temple to Shengshuige, 29.5701°N, 103.4029°E, elevation ca 790 m, 28.IX.2016, Zhe Zhao & Xiaoqing Zhang leg.

Etymology.

The specific epithet refers to the type locality; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis.

Males of Macrothele emei sp. nov. resemble those of M. digitata Chen, Jiang & Yang, 2020 and M. palpator Pocock, 1901 in having the conical spines dorsally on palpal tibia and the embolus of the same shape. Females of the new species resemble M. palpator by the G-shaped receptacula with long copulatory ducts. Males of M. emei sp. nov. can be distinguished from M. digitata and M. palpator by the presence of seven short spines visible in dorsal view on the distal third of the palpal tibia in dorsal view (vs 13-15 long spines in M. digitata and in M. palpator ). Females of M. emei sp. nov. can be differentiated from M. palpator by the ratio of the length of the copulatory ducts after the second turn almost 1:2 and the second turn expanded (vs length ratio of the copulatory duct folds 1:3, second fold unexpanded in M. palpator ).

Description.

Male (holotype) (Figs 2 , 3B, C ): Total length 21.53, carapace 8.52 long, 6.93 wide; opisthosoma 12.51 long, 5.52 wide. Carapace dark brown, covered with short setae. Fovea deep, round. AER slightly procurved, PER recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.25, ALE 0.36, PME 0.28, PLE 0.27; AME-AME 0.13, ALE-AME 0.09, ALE-PLE 0.11, PLE-PME 0.08, PME-PME 0.27. Cheliceral promargin with 15 stout teeth, basomesally with 20 denticles. Labium brown, with ca 124 cuspules; sternum chestnut, with three pairs of sigillae. Legs dark brown. Leg measurements: I 19.75 (6.52 + 7.01 + 5.13 + 3.10), II 22.88 (6.02 + 7.11 + 5.24 + 4.51), III 23.55 (6.51 + 7.92 + 5.01 + 4.11), IV 30.21 (8.11 + 9.10 + 8.00 + 5.00). Leg formula: 4321. Abdomen dark brown, hairy. Spinnerets: PMS one segment, 2.22 long, 0.51 wide, PMS-PMS 1.60; PLS three segments. PLS 12.28 long (3.66, 3.38, 3.54). Tip of PLS white.

Male palp (Figs 2 , 13A , 14A ). Maxillae with ca 153 cuspules. Palpal trochanter without lyral spines. Bulb nearly globose, with a ventral apophysis with a rough texture; embolus flat, slightly curved, needle-shaped, and expanded basally.

Female (Fig. 3A, D, E ): total length 22.40, carapace 9.54 long, 8.82 wide; opisthosoma 11.31 long, 6.07 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.39, PME 0.29, PLE 0.36; AME-AME 0.08, ALE-AME 0.12, ALE-PLE 0.08, PME-PME 0.62, PLE-PME 0.07. Cheliceral promargin with 14 stout teeth, basomesally with 21 denticles. Endites brown, labium with ca 118 cuspules. Palpal trochanter without lyral spines. Leg measurements: I 19.76 (5.42 + 6.71 + 4.63 + 3.12), II 20.04 (6.20 + 7.10 + 3.74 + 3.00), III 21.26 (6.10 + 6.92 + 5.03 + 3.21), IV 25.37 (7.11 + 8.21 + 6.13 + 3.92). Leg formula: 4321. Abdomen dark brown, hairy. Spinnerets: PMS one segment, 2.53 long, 0.71 wide, PMS-PMS 2.25; PLS three segments. PLS 12.28 long (3.83, 3.72, 4.73).

Female genitalia (Fig. 3A ) simple, with two turns. Receptacula directed anteriorly, turning laterally, then dorsally, finally medially; somewhat G-shaped. The length ratio of the duct after the lateral turn to the dorsal turn is 2:1.

Variations.

Male total length 14.21-21.53 (n = 3), female total length 13.52-22.40 (n = 5).

Distribution.

China (Sichuan).

Figures

Figure 2. Macrothele emei sp. nov., left palp, holotype A prolateral view B retrolateral view C bulb apophysis. Black arrows pointing to the conical spines; black arrow to inset pointing to the close up of rough-textured apophysis.

Figure 3. Macrothele emei sp. nov., female genitalia, male holotype and female paratype A female genitalia, ventral view B male habitus, dorsal view C male habitus, ventral view D female habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: CD copulatory ducts, T terminus of receptacula.

Figure 13. Prolateral view of embolic tips of six species of Macrothele A M. emei sp. nov. B M. limenghuai sp. nov. C M. nanning sp. nov. D M. gigas E M. hungae sp. nov. F M. hanfeii sp. nov.

Figure 14. Retrolateral view of embolic tips of six species of Macrothele A M. emei sp. nov. B M. limenghuai sp. nov. C M. nanning sp. nov. D M. gigas E M. hungae sp. nov. F M. hanfeii sp. nov.

Figure 16. Distribution records of Macrothele species in East Asia 1 M. yani 2 M. arcuata 3 M. jingzhao 4 M. yunlingensis 5 M. undata 6 M. cangshanensis 7 M. yongshengensis 8 M. jinlin 9 M. bannaensis 10 M. yunnanica 11 M. menglunensis 12 M. multispine 13 M. limenghuai sp. nov. 14 M. emei sp. nov. 15 M. sanheensis 16 M. decemnotata 17 M. proserpina 18 M. monocirculata 19 M. raveni 20 M. guizhouensis 21 M. digitata 22 M. nanning sp. nov. 23 M. hanfeii sp. nov. 24 M. hunanica 25 M. hungae sp. nov. 26 M. holsti 27 M. palpator 28 M. taiwanensis 29 M. simplicata 30 M. yaginumai 31 M. gigas.