CYPRAEOIDEA

Groves, Lindsey & Squires, Richard L., 2023, Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover, PaleoBios 40 (10), pp. 1-52 : 5

CYPRAEOIDEA RAFINESQUE, 1815

Remarks— The classification and phylogenetic relationships of cypraeiodeans are currently in a state of flux. Schilder and Schilder (1971) developed a classification scheme based on radula, osphradium, and shell characteristics,much of which was published in Schilder (1936). The classification system used in the present report for the higher systematics (phylum to superfamily) are from Bouchet et al. (2017). The lower classification system (below superfamily level) is used, as follows: Cypraeidae from Lorenz (2017); Eocypraeidae from various sources including Dolin and Lozouet (2004), Dolin and Pacaud (2009), Lorenz and Fehse (2009), and Fehse (2021); and Eratoidae from Schilder and Schilder (1971). As noted by Groves (2019: p. 132) and Fehse (2021: p. 19), taxa within Cypraeoidea include the so-called true cowries (family Cypraeidae Rafinesque, 1815 ); egg and spindle cowries (family Ovulidae Fleming, 1822 ); pedicularias (family Pediculariidae Gray, 1853 ), eocypraeids (family Eocypraeidae Schilder, 1924a ); false cowries (family Trividae Troschel, 1863 ), eratos (family Eratoidae Gill, 1871 ); and lamellarias (family Velutinidae Gray, 1840 ).

The genera in this present report are arranged (systematically), according to their present classification. The arrangement at the species level is, however, alphabetical for each genus ( Table 1 ). Summaries of the synonyms (different names for the same species) and chresonyms (usages of any given scientific name), given in the “Systematic Paleontology” section for each species, represent combinations of synonomy and chresonomy. The latter term is used in the sense of Smith and Smith (1972).