Triplocania, Roesler, 1940

Neto, Alberto Moreira Da Silva, García Aldrete, Alfonso N., Rafael, José Albertino & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2021, Checklist and identification key to Brazilian species of Triplocania Roesler (Psocodea: ‘ Psocoptera’: Psocomorpha: Ptiloneuridae), with four new cavedwelling species, Zootaxa 4938 (5), pp. 537-558 : 538-540

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4938.5.2
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:51D20CB4-97EF-4EE6-9687-8DE1D4D55E1E
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4607803
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/921F7260-FB51-FFE7-FF6D-FD42FA55FD36
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Triplocania
status

Treatment

Key to the males of Triplocania View in CoL species found in Brazil

1. Forewings with M 3 branched resulting in M 3a and M 3b ( Fig. 17 View FIGURES 16–22 )................................................. 2

-. Forewings with M 3 unbranched ( Figs 2 View FIGURES 1–7 , 9 View FIGURES 8–14 , 27 View FIGURES 26–32 ).............................................................. 9

2. Hypandrium of one ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 8–14 ) or three clerites ( Figs 5 View FIGURES 1–7 , 20 View FIGURES 16–22 , 30 View FIGURES 26–32 ).................................................. 3

-. Hypandrium of four sclerites ( Fig. 33 View FIGURES 33–43 )..................................................................... 8

3. Hypandrium of one sclerite............................................................................. 4

-. Hypandrium of three sclerites........................................................................... 5

4. Hypandrium with a long acuminate projection posteriorly, one projection on each antero-lateral extreme, deeply concave in outer margin, distally pointed ( Fig. 34 View FIGURES 33–43 ), posterior endophallic sclerites with four acuminate projections each, one mesal and three distal ( Fig. 56 View FIGURES 56–64 )............................................... T. newi Silva-Neto, Rafael & García Aldrete View in CoL

-. Hypandrium with a short acuminate projection posteriorly, one projection on each antero-lateral extreme, anteriorly cleft in the middle ( Fig. 35 View FIGURES 33–43 ); posterior endophallic sclerites with three acuminate projections each, one mesal and two distal ( Fig. 57 View FIGURES 56–64 )......................................................................................... T. calcarata New View in CoL

5. Hypandrium with lateral sclerites located posteriorly, central sclerite with a long, central posterior projection, flanked by two shorter acuminate processes, the outer ones curved outward ( Fig. 36 View FIGURES 33–43 )................................. T. furcata New View in CoL

-. Hypandrium with lateral sclerites located anteriorly, central sclerite with two, blunt ended posterior projections........... 6

6. Postero-lateral processes of the central sclerite of the hypandrium strongly curved outwards, side struts fused to the external parameres ( Fig. 20 View FIGURES 16–22 )........................................................................ T. pains n. sp.

-. Postero-lateral processes of the central sclerite of the hypandrium straight, almost parallel, side struts not fused to the external parameres........................................................................................... 7

7. Central sclerite of the hypandrium flanked by two large, almost triangular sclerites; posterior projections leaving a wide concavity between them ( Fig. 37 View FIGURES 33–43 ); distal ends of posterior endophallic sclerites acuminate ( Fig. 58 View FIGURES 56–64 ).................................................................................. T. mariateresae Silva-Neto, Rafael & García Aldrete View in CoL

-. Central sclerite of the hypandrium flanked by two small, elongate sclerites; posterior projections leaving a narrow concavity between them ( Fig. 38 View FIGURES 33–43 ); distal ends of posterior endophallic sclerites blunt ( Fig. 59 View FIGURES 56–64 )............................................................................................. T. plaumanni Silva-Neto, Rafael & García Aldrete View in CoL

8. Posterior sclerite of the hypandrium anteriorly concave, slender; posterior projection not longer than the antero-posterior length of the anterior sclerite; sickle-shaped lateral projections of the anterior sclerite surpassing the lateral sclerites ( Fig. 33 View FIGURES 33–43 ).................................................................... T. lamasi Silva-Neto, Rafael & García Aldrete View in CoL

-. Posterior sclerite of the hypandrium anteriorly concave, robust; posterior projection longer than the antero-posterior length of the anterior sclerite; sickle-shaped lateral projections of the anterior sclerite not surpassing the lateral sclerites ( Fig. 39 View FIGURES 33–43 )................................................................ T. lamasoides Silva-Neto, Rafael & García Aldrete View in CoL

9. Forewings with a U-shaped band from the apex of the areola postica to the basal and distal part of pterostigma ( Fig. 76 View FIGURES 74–82 ); side struts stout, expanded, forming a shield................................................................... 10

-. Forewings without a U-shaped band from the apex of the areola postica to the basal and distal part of pterostigma; side struts slender, not expanded................................................................................. 12

10. Hypandrium of three sclerites ( Fig. 40 View FIGURES 33–43 ); mesal endophallic sclerite U-shaped, wide proximally and narrowing posteriorly ( Fig. 60 View FIGURES 56–64 )................................................................................ T. magnifica Roesler View in CoL

-. Hypandrium of five sclerites; mesal endophallic sclerite not U-shaped.......................................... 11

11. Hypandrium with median posterior process of the central sclerite short, posterior pair of sclerites slender, elongate, distally overlapped over the central sclerite ( Fig. 41 View FIGURES 33–43 ); phallosome with a mesal anterior area bag shaped, mesal posterior endophallic sclerites, anteriorly and posteriorly concave, with two projections on each side, slightly curved inward, posteriorly with two stout projections, leaving between them a small concavity distally ( Fig. 61 View FIGURES 56–64 )........................................................................................................ T. rosae Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

-. Hypandrium with median posterior process of the central sclerite long, posterior pair of sclerites stout, curved outward, not overlapped over the central sclerite ( Fig. 42 View FIGURES 33–43 ); phallosome without a mesal anterior area bag shaped, mesal posterior endophallic sclerites anteriorly concave, with a small projection on each side, posteriorly with border jagged ( Fig. 62 View FIGURES 56–64 ).............................................................................. T. manueli Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

12. Hypandrium of one sclerite............................................................................ 13

-. Hypandrium of three sclerites.......................................................................... 17

13. Marginal pigmentation of the forewings, from R 4+5 to Cu1a, a homogeneous brown band; areola postica sinuous with a concavity in the middle..................................................................................... 14

-. Marginal pigmentation of the forewing, from R 4+5 to Cu1a without a homogeneous brown band, restricted to spots present only on veins distally or completely hyaline; areola postica almost triangular......................................... 15

14. Hypandrium with a median subrectangular posterior projection, without postero-lateral projections ( Fig. 43 View FIGURES 33–43 ); phallosome with side struts proximally separated, V-shaped and without mesal endophallic sclerites ( Fig. 63 View FIGURES 56–64 ).............. T. caudata New View in CoL

-. Hypandrium without median posterior projection, postero-lateral projections with toothed inner margin, strongly curved outward ( Fig. 44 View FIGURES 44–55 ); phallosome with side struts proximally fused, U-shaped and with mesal endophallic sclerites ( Fig. 64 View FIGURES 56–64 )............................................................................................ T. reflexa Roesler View in CoL

15. Marginal pigmentation of forewings, from R 4+5 to Cu1a restricted to spots on veins distally, pterostigma with brown bands anteriorly and posteriorly ( Fig. 9 View FIGURES 8–14 ); hypandrium anchor-shaped, posteriorly projected in the middle ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 8–14 ); phallosome with side struts V-shaped ( Figs 13 View FIGURES 8–14 and 65 View FIGURES 65–73 ).................................................................... 16

-. Forewings without marginal pigmentation, pterostigma hyaline ( Fig 77 View FIGURES 74–82 ); hypandrium almost trapezoidal, posteriorly with median margin straight, not projected ( Fig. 45 View FIGURES 44–55 ); phallosome with side struts U-shaped ( Fig. 66 View FIGURES 65–73 )........... T. immaculata New View in CoL

16. Hypandrium with lateral corners almost triangular, with acuminate apices, a median projection distally bilobed, lobes directed outward, blunt ended ( Fig. 46 View FIGURES 44–55 ).............................................................. T. lucida Roesler View in CoL

-. Hypandrium with lateral corners almost rectangular, two posterior processes stout, distally widened, club-shaped, with fields of short, strong spines, and a small mesal process in the median concavity ( Fig. 12 View FIGURES 8–14 )................... T. ferratilis n. sp.

17. Transverse mesal endophallic sclerite present.............................................................. 18

-. Transverse mesal endophallic sclerite absent............................................................... 22

18. Central piece of the hypandrium with one or three posterior projections......................................... 19

-. Central piece of the hypandrium with two posterior projections................................................ 20

19. Central piece of the hypandrium with one posterior projection, with rounded apex ( Fig. 47 View FIGURES 44–55 ); trasnverse mesal endophallic sclerite anteriorly almost straight, posteriorly with two lateral triangular projections ( Fig. 67 View FIGURES 65–73 ).......................................................................................................... T. rondoniensis García Aldrete View in CoL

-. Central piece of the hypandrium with three posterior projections, a middle one, pointed, setose, flanked by lateral, strongly sclerotized, glabrous acuminate projections ( Fig. 48 View FIGURES 44–55 ); trasnverse mesal endophallic sclerite biconcave anteriorly, convex posteriorly, widest in the middle, narrowing to the sides ( Fig. 68 View FIGURES 65–73 )............... T. trifida Silva-Neto, Rafael & García Aldrete View in CoL

20. Forewing with setae of the veins arising from brown areolae, pterostigma strongly angulate, projected in the middle towards Rs ( Fig. 78 View FIGURES 74–82 ); hypandrium with side sclerites axe-shaped, with central piece projected anteriorly, lateral fields of short, strong spines, and mesal, longitudinal rows of short spines, and two, almost semi-eliptcial posterior processes ( Fig. 49 View FIGURES 44–55 ); phallosome with two pairs of endophallic sclerites ( Fig. 69 View FIGURES 65–73 )...................... T. manauara Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

-. Forewing with setae of the veins not arising from brown areolae, pterostigma almost triangular, not strongly angulate; hypandrium with side sclerites almost triangular, with central piece straight anteriorly, without spines, and two, almost triangular posterior processes; phallosome with four pairs of endophallic sclerites......................................... 21

21. Central piece of the hypandrium with triangular antero-lateral corners, with acuminate apices ( Fig. 50 View FIGURES 44–55 ); mesal transverse endophallic sclerite basally wide and narrow, with antero-lateral corners projected, elongate, narrowing distally, acuminate, posteriorly with two forked projections, with a deep concavity between them, the inner process curved, acuminate, outer process rectangular, posterior pair of endophallic sclerites with two small antero-lateral projections, and posteriorly with four acuminate projections ( Fig. 70 View FIGURES 65–73 )................................................. T. inpa Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

-. Central piece of the hypandrium with sinuous antero-lateral corners, blunt ended ( Fig. 51 View FIGURES 44–55 ); mesal transverse endophallic sclerite anteriorly with two small blunt projections, leaving between them a small concavity, with antero-lateral corners projected, elongate, narrowing distally, acuminate, posteriorly with a convex area in the middle, with two postero-lateral acuminate projections, a small on inner margin and other on outer margin, elongate, distally curved inward; posterior pair of endophallic sclerites divided in two areas by a constriction in the middle, a smaller area posteriorly acuminate, with a tooth on inner margin, the other area with five acuminate projections ( Fig. 71 View FIGURES 65–73 )................... T. fapeam Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

22. Marginal pigmentation of forewing, from R 2+3 or R 4+5 to Cu1 b a homogeneous brown band.......................... 23

-. Forewing almost hyaline, without a homogeneous brown band from R 2+3 or R 4+5 to Cu1 b ( Figs 2 View FIGURES 1–7 , 27 View FIGURES 26–32 , 79 View FIGURES 74–82 )............... 25

23. Marginal homogeneous brown band of forewing, from R 2+3 to Cu1 b ( Fig. 80 View FIGURES 74–82 ); central piece of the hypandrium with two distal processes, acuminate, curved outward ( Fig. 52 View FIGURES 44–55 ); phallosome with five pairs of endophallic sclerites ( Fig. 72 View FIGURES 65–73 )........................................................................ T. paranaensis Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

-. Marginal homogeneous brown band of forewing, from R 4+5 to Cu1b ( Figs 81, 82 View FIGURES 74–82 ); central piece of the hypandrium with two processes distally blunted, not curved; phallosome with five pairs of endophallic sclerites........................... 24

24. Central piece of the hypandrium with posterior median process slightly bilobed distally, antero-lateral corners almost rectangular ( Fig. 53 View FIGURES 44–55 ); mesal pair of endophallic sclerites V- shaped, inner arms wide proximally, then narrowing smoothly, distally tapered ( Fig. 73 View FIGURES 65–73 ).................................................. T. calori Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

-. Central piece of the hypandrium with posterior median process distinctly bilobed distally, antero-lateral corners almost triangular ( Fig. 54 View FIGURES 44–55 ); mesal pair of endophallic sclerites U- shaped, inner arms wide proximally, narrowing distally, blunt ended ( Fig. 74 View FIGURES 74–82 )........................................................... T. capixaba Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

25. Posterior median process of the central sclerite of the hypandrium not bilobed distally ( Fig. 55 View FIGURES 44–55 ); phallosome with side struts narrow throughout its length, not wider in the middle, fused posteriorly to external parameres, two pairs of endophallic sclerites ( Fig. 75 View FIGURES 74–82 ).................................................... T. mariaelinae Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael View in CoL

-. Posterior median process of the central sclerite of the hypandrium bilobed distally; phallosome with side struts narrow anteriorly, wider in the middle, narrowing posteriorly, not fused posteriorly to external parameres, three pairs of endophallic sclerites .................................................................................................. 26

26. Central piece of the hypandrium anteriorly almost triangular, antero-lateral corners projected, semi-elliptic, with apices rounded; postero mesal process with lobes five times as long as wide ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–7 ); mesal pair of endophallic sclerites Y-shaped, inner arms projected in the middle, narrowing at the end, with triangular apices, almost together in the middle of endophallus, outer arms stout, elongate, curved inward, widening at the end, bearing a subterminal tooth on outer margin ( Fig. 6 View FIGURES 1–7 )........................................................................................................ T. brancoi n. sp.

-. Central piece of the hypandrium anteriorly almost triangular, with antero-lateral corners projected, triangular, with acuminate apex; postero mesal process, with lobes projections two and a half times longer than wide ( Fig. 30 View FIGURES 26–32 ); mesal pair of endophallic sclerites, Y-shaped, with inner arms projected in the middle, these elongated, curved outward, narrowing at the end, acuminate distally, outer arms, stout, elongated, sinuous, narrowing at the end, without a subterminal tooth on outer margin ( Fig. 31 View FIGURES 26–32 )............................................................................................ T. zaire n. sp.