Cladobethylus Kieffer, 1922

Kimsey, Lynn S., 2019, Revision of the south Asian amisegine genus Cladobethylus Kieffer, 1922 (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Amiseginae), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 70, pp. 41-64 : 41

Genus Cladobethylus Kieffer, 1922

Cladobethylus Kieffer, 1922: 67. Type species: Cladobethylus cruciger Kieffer, 1922:69. Original designation.

Diagnosis.

The most distinctive feature of the genus Cladobethylus is the impunctate welt that extends along the midline of the vertex from near the midocellus to the occipital carina. This feature is only shared with species of Magdalium Kimsey and Senesega Kimsey, although it is less well developed in these genera. Cladobethylus can be distinguished from those genera by the lack of an omaulus on the mesopleuron and the usually biangulate genal area, which is evenly curved in Magdalium and Senesega . In addition, Cladobethylus species have at most a weakly defined scrobal sulcus. The scrobal sulcus in Magdalium and Senesega is well defined.

Description.

Vertex with low impunctate welt along midline from midocellus to occiput; eye with short sparse setulae; scapal basin usually with at least some cross-ridging; malar space with vertical sulcus extending from ventral eye margin to mandibular articulation; occipital carina present; posterior margin of head behind eye usually biangulate in side view; male flagellum elongate and cylindrical; female flagellum short, fusiform and usually flattened on one surface; pronotum with narrow posteromedial groove; mesopleuron without scrobal sulcus or omaulus; scutum with notauli and parapsides; both sexes fully winged, forewing Rs extended by evenly curved dark streak, costal cell widest medially, stigma large and broad, R1 not indicated, medial vein arising before cu-a; propodeum with long dorsal surface and abrupt posterior declivity, lateral propodeal angle undeveloped; hindcoxa with dorsobasal carina; tarsal claws edentate in females, with one small subbasal tooth and subbasal angle in males.

Distribution

(Fig. 1 ). Tropical Asia: Sri Lanka, New Guinea, Malaysia, Vietnam, Sarawak, Philippines, Indonesia (Sumatra), Borneo, South Korea and Japan.

Hosts.

Cladobethylus insularis was reared from eggs of the oil palm stick insect, Eurycantha insularis Lucas ( Phasmatodea : Phasmatidae ), in Papua New Guinea ( Kimsey et al. 2012).

Key to the Species of Cladobethylus 1

1	Four visible metasomal segments; flagellum tapering, broadest submedially; females	2
-	Five visible metasomal segments; flagellum slender, parallel-sided; males	11
Females
2	Metasomal tergum II with punctures 0-2 puncture diameters apart	3
-	Metasomal tergum II with tiny punctures 5-10 or more puncture tiny diameters apart	6
3	Flagellomeres I-III whitish	4
-	Flagellomeres I-III dark brown	5
4	Malar space 3.5 MOD wide; femoral apices whitish, contrasting with rest of femur; body with bluish metallic highlights, particularly dorsally; Papua New Guinea	Cl. insularis Kimsey
-	Malar space 4.5 MOD wide; femoral apices not whitish or contrasting with rest of femur; body without bluish metallic highlights; Papua New Guinea	Cl. aquilus Kimsey
5	Underside of head with occipital fovea on either side of occipital suture; body with bluish metallic highlights, particularly dorsally; Philippines	Cl. cruciger Kieffer
-	Underside of head with occipital fovea on either side of occipital suture; body with bluish metallic highlights, particularly dorsally; Thailand, Viet Nam	Cl. densepunctatus Kimsey, sp. nov.
6	Underside of head without occipital fovea on either side of occipital suture; metapleuron and propodeal side cross-ridged or wrinkled	7
-	Underside of head with occipital fovea on either side of occipital suture; metapleuron and propodeal side smooth without cross-ridges or wrinkles	8
7	Malar space less than 4 MOD wide; ocular setulae less than 1 MOD long; Thailand	Cl. thailandicus Kimsey, sp. nov.
-	Malar space more than 4.5 MOD wide; ocular setulae 1 MOD long or longer; body with bluish metallic highlights, particularly dorsally; Korea	Cl. koreensis Kimsey, sp. nov.
8	Flagellomere I less than 1.5 × as long as broad; flagellomere II broader than long	9
-	Flagellomere I twice as long as broad or longer; flagellomere II as long as broad or longer	10
9	Malar space more than 4 MOD wide; flagellomere X twice as long as broad; Malaysia	Cl. gilbus Kimsey
-	Malar space less than 4 MOD wide; flagellomere X 1.5-1.6 × as long as broad; Borneo	Cl. sarawakensis Kimsey, sp. nov.
10	Legs and antennae yellow; malar space less than 4.5 MOD wide; body without metallic highlights; Borneo	Cl. darlingi Kimsey, sp. nov.
-	Legs and antennae brown; malar space more than 4.5 MOD wide; body with metallic highlights; Japan	Cl. japonicus Kimsey
Males
11	Metasomal tergum II with punctures 0-2 puncture diameters apart	12
-	Metasomal tergum II with tiny punctures 10 or more puncture diameters apart	15
12	Malar space less than 3 MOD wide; post ocular distance 2 MOD wide; body length 5-7 mm; Papua New Guinea	Cl. insularis Kimsey & Dewhurst
-	Malar space 3 MOD wide or wider; post ocular distance less than 2 MOD wide; body length less than 4.5 mm	13
13	Face and malar space coarsely punctate; head dorsolaterally strongly angulate behind eye in lateral view; Thailand, Viet Nam	Cl. densepunctatus Kimsey, sp. nov.
-	Face and malar space largely impunctate, with few scattered punctures; head dorsolaterally rounded or obtusely angulate behind eye in lateral view	14
14	Malar space more than 3.5 MOD wide; postocular distance 1.5 MOD wide or wider; Sri Lanka.	Cl. ceylonicus Krombein
-	Malar space 3 MOD wide; postocular distance less than 1.5 MOD wide; Papua New Guinea	Cl. aquilus Kimsey
15	Postocular distance more than 2 MOD wide; scapal basin without cross ridging; flagellomere X less than 5.5 × as long as broad; Thailand	Cl. thailandicus Kimsey, sp. nov.
-	Postocular distance less than 1.6 MOD wide; scapal basin with zones of cross-ridging; flagellomere X more than 5.5 × as long as broad	16
16	Malar space less than 3 MOD wide; postocular distance less than 1 MOD wide; Malaysia.	Cl. gilbus Kimsey
-	Malar space 3 or more MOD wide; postocular distance 1 MOD wide or wider	17
17	Flagellomere I 4 × as long as broad or longer; Sumatra	Cl. acehensis Kimsey, sp. nov.
-	Flagellomere I 3.5 × as long as broad or shorter	18
18	Least interocular distance twice greatest eye width or more in front view; Borneo	Cl. darlingi Kimsey, sp. nov.
-	Least interocular distance 1.5 × greatest eye width or less, in front view; Philippines	Cl. cruciger Kieffer

Figures

Figures 1 - 3. 1 Distribution map of Cladobethylus species 2, 3 Cladobethylus acehensis male 2 Lateral view 3 dorsal view.