Eucorydia dasytoides (Walker, 1868)

Qiu, Lu, Che, Yan-Li & Wang, Zong-Qing, 2017, Revision of Eucorydia Hebard, 1929 from China, with notes on the genus and species worldwide (Blattodea, Corydioidea, Corydiidae), ZooKeys 709, pp. 17-56 : 22-28

Eucorydia dasytoides (Walker, 1868) Figs 2 A–K; 3 A–J; 4 A–J; 5 A–K; 6 A–O; 14 E–I

Euthyrrhapha dasytoides Walker, 1868: 191, male (actually female), “Amoy”.

Corydia dasytoides : Kirby 1904: 167; Hanitsch 1927: 41.

Eucorydia dasytoides : Hebard 1929: 98; Wu 1935: 28; Princis 1952: 35; Princis 1957: 90; Princis 1963: 82; Asahina 1971: 259.

Eucorydia aenea dasytoides: Asahina 1971: 262 (Taxonomic considerations).

Corydia tonkinensis Kirby, 1903: 405, 2 females, “Tonkin”.

Eucorydia tonkinensis : Hebard 1929, 97, 1 male, "Chapa, Tonkin, May 8, 1918, by Jeanvoine".

Corydia purpuralis Kirby, 1903: 405; Kirby 1904: 167; Hanitsch 1927: 41. Syn. n.

Eucorydia purpuralis : Hebard 1929: 98; Wu 1935: 28; Princis 1952: 35; Bey-Bienko,1954: 24; Princis 1957: 90; Princis 1963: 82; Woo et al. 1986: 154.

Corydia zonata Shiraki, 1907: 110, male, "Horisha, Taiwan"; Karny, 1915: 62; Hanitsch 1927: 41; Shiraki 1931: 175.

Corydia zonata var. taitoensis Shiraki, 1931: 176.

Eucorydia purpularis var. taitoensis : Princis 1963: 82.

Eucorydia paucipilosa Woo, Guo & Feng, 1986: 156, figs 1-4; Fenget al. 1997: 175, fig. 69 a–b. Syn. n.

Material examined.

CHINA: Guangxi ( tonkinensis population): 1 male (IZCAS), Hongtan Waterfall [红滩瀑布], Huaping Natural Reserve [花坪自然保护区], Longsheng County [龙胜县], Guilin City [桂林市], 900m, 12.VI.1963, Yong-Shan Shi leg.; 1 female (SWU), Mt. Zuohushan [坐虎山], Huaping Natural Reserve, Longsheng County, Guilin City, 9.VI.1963, Ji-Kun Yang leg.; 1 female (IZCAS), Mt. Tiantangshan [天堂山], Zhongliang Township [忠良乡], Jinxiu County [金秀县], Laibin City [来宾市], 600m, 11.V.1999, Xue-Zhong Zhang leg.; 2 males (SWU), Zhongliang Township, Jinxiu County, Laibin City, 1200 m, 20.IV.2016, local collector leg., purchased by Cheng-Hui Zhan. Hunan (type population): 1 male (SWU), Mt. Hupingshan [壶瓶山], Shimen County [石门县], Changde City [常德市], VI.1987, no collector recorded; 1 female (SWU), Yuanling County [沅陵县], Huaihua City [怀化市], no more data recorded; 1 female (SWU), Yueyang City [岳阳市], 6.VII.? (no year data), Liu & Wang (only surnames) leg. Guizhou (type population): 1 female (IZCAS), Mt. Fanjingshan [梵净山], Jiangkou County [江口县], Tongren City [铜仁市], 12.VII.1988, Shu-Yong Wang leg.; 1 female (SWU, ex YSLC), Tiexi [铁溪], Zhenyuan County [镇远县], 25.V.2016, Yong-Shan Guo & Shu-Lin Yang leg. 5 males and 1 female (GZU), Daheba [大河坝], Yanhe County [沿河县], 450-700m, 5-12.VI.2007, Qiong-Zhang Song leg. Fujian ( purpuralis population): 1 male (SWU, conserved in 100% alcohol), Guadun [挂墩], Tongmu Village [桐木村], Xingcun Town [星村镇], Wuyishan City [武夷山市], 9.VII.2013, Shun-Hua Gui leg.; 1 male (SWU), Guadun, Tongmu Village, Xingcun Town, Wuyishan City, 1227m, 12.VII.2009, Jian-Yue Qiu leg.; 1 male (SWU), Chong’an Town (now Chong’an Street), Wuyishan City,?.VII.1987, Dun-Qing Wang leg.; 1 male (IZCAS), Guadun, Tongmu Village, Xingcun Town, Wuyishan City, 900 -1160m, 7.VII.1963, You-Wei Zhang leg.; 1 male (BJFU), "Guadang (Guadun)", Mt. Wuyishan, Wuyishan City, 28.VI.1981, no collector recorded; 1 male (IZCAS), Qiliqiao [七里桥], Xingcun Town, Wuyishan City, 840m, 12.VII.1963, You-Wei Zhang leg.; 1 male (SWU), Huangxizhou [黄溪州], Mt. Wuyishan, Wuyishan City, 27.V.2004, Cai-Xia Yuan & Jing Li leg.; 1 male (SWU, ex SNU), Wanmulin [万木林], Jian’ou City [建瓯市], Nanping City [南平市], V.1985, no collector recorded; 1 male (SWU), Kuiqi Village [魁歧村], Mawei Town [马尾镇], Fuzhou City [福州市], 15.VI.1948, no collector recorded. Zhejiang ( purpuralis population): 1 male, 1 female (SWU), "Tienmushan (Mt. Tianmushan [天目山], Lin’an City [临安市]), July 11 1937", no collector recorded; 1 female (SWU), "Tienmushan (Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City), July 7 1936", no collector recorded; 1 male (SWU), Sanliting Pavilion [三里亭], Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City, 27.VI.1957, Fa-Sheng Li leg.; 1 female (SWU), Chanyuansi Temple [禅源寺], Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City, 1.VII.1957, Ji-Kun Yang leg.; 2 females (MHBU), Chanyuansi Temple, Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City, 19.VII.2014, Sai-Hong Dong & Shan-Shan Liu leg.; 2 males (DYZC), Xianrending Peak [仙人顶], Mt. Xitianmushan, Lin’an City, 1500m, by netting, 17.VII.2014, De-Yao Zhou leg.; 2 males (SWU), “T’ienmu Shan (Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City), 24.VI.1936, O. PIEL. coll."; 1 male (SWU), “T’ienmu Shan (Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City), 13.VI.1936, O. PIEL. coll."; 2 females (SWU), “T’ienmu Shan (Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City), 31.VI and 1.VII.1936, O. PIEL. coll."; 1 female (SWU), “T’ienmu Shan (Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City), 17.V.1937", no collector recorded; 1 male (SWU), abdomen missing, Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City, 350m-1100m, 14.VII.1963, Hui-Tai Fang leg.; 1 male (LQCC, ex SNU), Mt. Tianmushan, Lin’an City, VI.1986, no collector recorded; 1 female (LQCC), Mt. Xitianmushan, Lin’an City, 800m, 8.VII.2006, Zhi-Zhou Yu leg.; 1 female (SWU), Mt. Dapanshan [大盘山], Pan’an County [磐安县], Jinhua City [金华市], 500m, 19.VII.2014, Tie-Xiong Zhao leg.; 1 nymph (MHBU), Administration of Mt. Tianmushan, 30.VII.2011, Ji-Bin Liang & Zhen-Xing Zhang leg. Hainan (Hainan population): 1 male, 1 female (SWU), Mingfenggu [鸣凤谷], Mt. Jianfengling [尖峰岭], Ledong County [乐东县], 960-990m, 25.IV.2015, Lu Qiu & Qi-Kun Bai leg.; 3 males (SWU, conserved in 100% alcohol), Mingfenggu, Mt. Jianfengling, Ledong County, 960-990m, 23.IV.2015, Lu Qiu & Qi-Kun Bai leg.; 1 male (SWU), without head and abdomen, Mingfenggu, Mt. Jianfengling, Ledong County, 960-990m, inside a large dead tree hole, beneath the wood dregs, 23.IV.2015, Lu Qiu leg; 3 males (SWU, conserved in 100% alcohol), Mingfenggu, Mt. Jianfengling, Ledong County, 960-990m, 26.IV.2015, Lu Qiu leg.; 1 male (SWU), top of Mt. Jianfengling, Ledong County, 4.V.1983, Mao-Bin Gu leg.; 1 male (SWU), top of Mt. Jianfengling, Ledong County, 9.V.1983, Mao-Bin Gu leg.; 1 male (SWU), top of Mt. Jianfengling, Ledong County, 18.V.1982, Zhi-Qing Chen leg.; 2 males (SWU), Mt. Jianfengling, Ledong County, 16.V.1984, Mao-Bin Gu leg.; 1 female (MHBU), Mt. Bawangling [霸王岭], Changjiang County [昌江县], 8-11.VIII.2006, Ji-Liang Wang & Chao Gao leg. Taiwan: 1 male, 1 female (SWU) ( zonata population), District Shenmu [神木区], Lala Mountain [拉拉山], Taoyuan County [桃源县], Collected and reared by Shih-Chieh Huang; 6 males (LQCC) ( taitoensis population), Yima Forest Road [依麻林道], Taidong County [台东县], 4.IV.2016, Wen-I Chou leg.

Type material examined.

HOLOTYPE of Euthyrrhapha dasytoides , female (OUM, TYPE ORTH 202), CHINA: Fujian: "Amoy (Xiamen) [ 厦门]”, "E coll. (1830-73)/ W. W. Saunders./ Purchased and pres. '73 by Mrs. F. W. Hope.", four determined labels: "TYPE./ WALKER./ Euthyrrapha dasytoides ./ Cat. Blatt. B.M. p, 191. 1868.", “Dasytoides”, "TYPE ORTH: 202/ Euthyrrapha dasytoides Walker/ HOPE DEPT. OXFORD", "Eucorydia Aenea dasytoides Princis, 1963". LECTOTYPE of Corydia tonkinensis , female (NHM, #876268), VIETNAM: ‘‘ Tonkin, Montes Maulon. April, Mai 2-3000, H. Fruhstorfer."; PARALECTOTYPE of Corydia tonkinensis , 1 female (NHM, #876269), VIETNAM: same data as the lectotype. HOLOTYPE of Eucorydia paucipilos a, 1 male (SWU, IPP0159), CHINA: Yunnan: Tongzi [桐子], Yiliang County [彝良县], Zhaotong City [昭通市], 1050m, 5.VII.1980, Zheng-Jin Luo leg.

Diagnosis.

This species resembles E. pilosa sp. n., but differs from the latter by: 1) lacking whitish pubescence on the base of tegmina; 2) in male, the hind lateral corners of supra-anal plate more round, cerci longer (Fig. 6 A–B); 3) R2 more round (Fig. 6F, G-O), while R2 elongate and rhomboid in E. pilosa sp. n. (Fig. 8C). This species also resembles E. yunnanensis but is distinctly larger (more than 18 mm including tegmina, while only 15 mm in E. yunnanensis ), the male has a less concave supra-anal plate, and more round R2, while E. yunnanensis has R2 more elongate (Fig. 8B).

Redescription.

Male: measurements (mm): body length 11.0-18.5, overall length 18.6-22.3, pronotum length×width: 5.0 –5.6×7.3– 9.4, tegmen length: 15.1-18.3. Large, metallic bluish green.

Head shining black, slightly metallic blue. Pronotum metallic bluish green to blue, with black setae. Tegmina with basal half metallic bluish green, distal half with a yellow band transversely across the tegmina, sometimes the band interrupted twice and divided into three parts (usually the population from Zhejiang and Fujian, Fig. 5A, D, F, H, J), and sometimes the band interrupted medially and divided into two parts (the population from Taidong, Taiwan, Fig. 4E); the area near the basal edge of the yellow band usually metallic purple, the apical portion of tegmina blackish, slightly metallic purple. Wings hyaline, apex brown, anterior margin of the RA area with an elongate yellow spot, venation brown, median area of M and CuA yellow, some individuals with wings totally dark brown. Legs dark brown to black, slightly pubescent, spines on the legs black, with apex reddish brown.

Abdomen in ventral view, the last sternites black, the rest part orange (usually the populations from Tonkin, Vietnam, and Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan), sometimes with median blackish widely (usually the populations from Guizhou, Hunan); in dorsal view the last terga black, the rest terga orange, or dark purple in the middle and orange laterally (the populations from Guizhou and Hunan). Supra-anal plate with hind margin slightly obtuse angle concaved, two hind corners slightly round, cerci black, long (Fig. 6 A–B). Subgenital plate black, styli robust, black.

Genitalia: L3 slender, strongly curved, apex with a distinct hook (Fig. 6C); appendage sclerite with basal portion roundly protruded toward left, distal portion elongate, apex bud-like (Fig. 6 D–E); R2 usually round, left with a shallow protruding and small white part (Fig. 6F and G–O).

Female: body length 12.0-17.5 mm. The coloration and marking pattern are similar to that of male. Abdomen in ventral view with the last two sternites black, the rest of sternites orange, or with median blackish widely (usually the populations from Zhejiang and Fujian).

Remarks.

This species is widely distributed from South China to North Vietnam and with distinct geographical variation, which can be divided into six populations. The type population, which is the most widespread, is characterized by the narrow orange band in tegmina and blackish abdomen (Fig. 2; sternites all black and terga all dark purple, but with median three segments orange laterally). This character agrees with that of the type specimen of Euthyrrhapha dasytoides Walker. So far this population is known to cover the following localities: South Fujian, East Guizhou and Hunan. Guangdong and Jiangxi, the provinces in between Fujian and Hunan, should also be within this population range, but we did not examine any specimens. The tonkinensis population is characterized by the moderate width of orange band, large body size and orange abdomen (Fig. 3; in male, both the sternites and terga with the last 4-5 segments black, the rest of segments totally orange; in female, the last two sternites black and the last five terga black, the remaining segments totally orange). This character is in agreement with that of the type specimen of Corydia tonkinensis Kirby. This population is found in Guangxi, Yunnan and North Vietnam. We have examined the type specimen of Eucorydia paucipilosa and found it to not be different from the tonkinensis population of E. dasytoides ; thus we treat it as a junior synonym of E. dasytoides . The purpuralis population is distributed in Zhejiang and Central and North Fujian, which is characterized by the orange band of tegmina twice interrupted and orange abdomen in male but black abdomen in female (Fig. 5; male with the last four segments black, the rest all orange, female with sternites black and terga dark purple, but orange laterally). This population was formerly accepted as an independent species Eucorydia purpuralis Hebard, but we found no distinct differences in the male genitalia between E. purpuralis and E. dasytoides . Thus we here synonymize E. purpuralis under E. dasytoides . The Hainan population is characterized by the wide orange band in tegmina and orange abdo men (Fig. 4 G–J; the scope of the orange area in abdomen larger: sternites and terga with the last three black, the lateral margins of last 4-5 terga black, the rest of segments totally orange). This population is newly discovered from Hainan Island. The zonata population is distributed in Taoyuan, Xinzhu (Fuhosho = 内茅埔, Hoozan = 宝山), Gaoxiong (Kosempo = 甲仙, Nanshanchi = 南山溪), Taizhong (Momoyama = 桃山) and Nantou (Horisha/Hori/Polisha = 埔里, Musha = 雾社, Keitao = 溪头, Kwantochi = 关刀溪), Xinbei (Wulai= 乌来), Jiayi (Taihorin = 大蒲林), all in Taiwan (this distribution is based on Asahina, 1971). It was originally treated as an independent species Eucorydia zonata Shiraki, but later synonymized under E. dasytoides (Princis, 1963). It is similar to the Hainan population; the scope of the orange in the abdomen is larger, but with a narrower orange band in tegmina (Fig. 4 A–D). The taitoensis population is found in Taidong (= Taito) in south Taiwan. It can be easily recognized by the once interrupted orange band in tegmina (Fig. 4 E–F).

The six populations are all well characterized by the features mentioned above. Their male genitalia show only minor differences (see Fig. 6) and we consider them to be the same species. Their distribution is continuous; thus it is not proper to divide them into subspecies. We also found aberrant individuals between some populations, e.g., a male from Yueyang, Hunan is found with the tegmina band twice interrupted, but its abdomen is black (Fig. 2K); two males from the top of Tianmushan, Zhejiang had a black abdomen, but the band was twice interrupted (Fig. 5 F–G). These examples also indicate that E. purpuralis is conspecific with E. dasytoides .

Natural history.

At Mingfenggu, Mt. Jianfengling, Hainan in 2015, most individuals were picked up from the ground in the hotel yard by the first author. The individuals on the ground were usually weak or had just died. These species may have inhabited the trees around the hotel and may have fallen down during death, or under the force of wind. A dead cockroach body was found inside the humus in a huge tree bole in the Mingfenggu Forest. A living individual was also observed by the first author on the roof; when approached, it quickly flew away towards the forest. In Taiwan, the male of this species has been observed visiting flowers of Castanopsis carlesii and Acer albopurpurascens during the day (Wen-I Chou, pers. comm.). On Mt. Tianmushan, males were observed flying through the airflow at the top of Xianrending (De-Yao Zhou, pers. comm.).

Distribution.

China: Fujian, Zhejiang, Guizhou, Hunan, Guangxi, Yunnan, Hainan, Taiwan; Vietnam: Tonkin.