Ipomoea pandurata

Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Williams, Bethany R. M. & Scotland, Robert W., 2020, A foundation monograph of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) in the New World, PhytoKeys 143, pp. 1-823 : 1

350. Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G. Mey., Prim. Fl. Esseq. 100. 1818. (Meyer 1818: 100)

Convolvulus panduratus L., Sp. Pl., ed. 1: 153. 1753. (Linnaeus 1753: 153). Type. UNITED STATES. Virginia, Clayton 641 (lectotype BM000051711, selected by Staples & Austin in Staples and Jarvis 2006: 1021).

Convolvulus ciliolatus Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 137. 1803. (Michaux 1803: 137). Type. UNITED STATES. Tenessee, Knoxville, Michaux s.n. (lectotype P00320303, designated here).

Ipomoea ciliolata (Michx.) Pers. , Syn. Pl. 1: 183. 1805. (Persoon 1805: 183).

Ipomoea ciliosa Pursh , Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 146. 1813 (Pursh 1813: 146), nom. illeg., superfl. Type. Based on Convolvulus ciliolatus Michx.

Convolvulus candicans Solander ex Sims , Bot. Mag. 39, pl. 1603. 1813. (Sims 1813: pl. 1603). Type. Specimen grown at Kew in 1776 (Herb Banks BM, not found).

Ipomoea candicans (Solander ex Sims) Sweet , Hort. Brit. 289 (1826). (Sweet 1826: 289).

Ipomoea pandurata var. candicans (Solander ex Sims) Choisy Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 9: 381. 1845. (Choisy 1845: 381).

Ipomoea pandurata var. rubescens Choisy in A.P. de Candolle , Prodr. 9: 381. 1845. (Choisy 1845: 381). Type. UNITED STATES. Kentucky, Boonsborough, R. Peter s.n. (holotype G00135789).

Ipomoea karwinskiana Regel, Index Seminum [St. Petersburg] 46. 1857. (Regel 1857: 46). Type. Plant cultivated at St Petersburg grown from seed sent by Karwinsky from Mexico (lectotype LE01025977, designated here).

Ipomoea pandurata forma leviuscula Fernald, Rhodora 51: 75. 1949. (Fernald 1949: 75). Type. Based on Ipomoea pandurata var. rubescens Choisy

Ipomoea pandurata var. hastata Chapm., Fl. South. U.S. 343. 1860 (Chapman 1860: 343). Type. UNITED STATES. Florida to Mississippi, Chapman s.n. (whereabouts uncertain).

Ipomoea schrenkiana A. Peter , Nat. Pflanzenfam. 4 (3a): 30. 1897 [pub. 1891]. (Peter 1891: 30). Type. UNITED STATES. New York, Flushing, Long Island, J. Schrenk s.n. (lectotype GOET005717, designated by Staples et al. 2012: 675).

Type.

Based on Convolvulus panduratus L.

Description.

Trailing or twining perennial herb; stems glabrous to puberulent, rootstock an enlarged, woody tuber. Leaves petiolate, 2-14 × 1.8-9.5 cm, ovate-deltoid, sometimes weakly to strongly 3-lobed, cordate with rounded auricles, shortly acuminate, both surfaces glabrous or puberulent, especially on the veins, abaxially paler often with reddish veins; petioles 1-6 cm, glabrous. Inflorescence of usually short, few-flowered axillary cymes; peduncles 0.6-5(-14) cm, glabrous; bracteoles 2-11 × 0.5-6 mm, linear, oblong or oblong-obovate, papery, deciduous; secondary peduncles c. 10 mm; pedicels 5-11 mm; sepals unequal to almost equal, outer sepals 10-15(-20) × 4-7(-9) mm, oblong-ovate, obtuse, abaxially usually with prominent raised vertical veins, the base subtruncate, inner 15-18(-22) × 5-7 mm, oblong-ovate, rounded; corolla 4-7 cm long, white with dark pink centre, glabrous, campanulate to funnel-shaped, limb 5-6 cm diam., undulate or lobed, the midpetaline bands terminating in small teeth. Capsules 10-15 × 6-10, narrowly ovoid, glabrous; seeds 5 × 3 mm, pilose with brownish hairs c. 5 mm long.

Illustration.

Figure 167C ; Haddock et al. (2015: 235).

Distribution.

Widespread in the eastern United States extending west to Texas, Kansas and Illinois and just entering Canada (Ontario). It is a plant of open grassy places, roadsides, woodland margins and remains of prairie grassland at low altitudes.

UNITED STATES. Alabama: S.T. McDaniel 9039 (IBE, MO). Arkansas: D.E. Atha 12341 (NY). Florida: Manatee River, F. Rugel [1845] (BM); G.V. Nash 777 (K). Georgia: R. Ware 112 (GA). Illinois: Tazewell Co., V.H. Chase 10069 (BM). Indiana: Friesner 22758 (S). Kansas: B. Rohrer 60 (S). Kentucky: Biltmore 1279b (S); E.M. Browne 72H31.5 (EKY); Boonsborough, R. Peter s.n. [8/1834] (K). Louisiana: Covington, Drummond s.n. [1832] (BM); L. Chance 930 (MISSA). Maryland: T. Holm s.n. [8/7/1921] (S); Petrak 1950 (S). Mississippi: Seymour 172 (S). Missouri: Busiek State Forest, K. Sykes & J. Stone 10 (BM, MO); Ozarks, Jefferson Co., P.H. Raven 27200 (BM, MO). New Jersey: Princeton, Moldenke 8673 (BM). New York: Whitford 166 (NY). North Carolina: Swift Creek, H. Ahles & B. Carswell 58689 (BM, UNC); Biltmore, Gadeceau 1279 (BM). Ohio: R.M. Lowden 4226 (LSU). Oklahoma: Handler 375 (S); Stevens 1356 (K). Pennsylvania: Moldenke 20495 (S). South Carolina: Meyer & Townesmith 1038 (PH, MO); J. Nelson 28619 (USCH). Texas: Bowie, along Red River, D.S. Correll 31242 (MO). Virginia: A.H. Curtiss s.n. 3/8/1871 (K). West Virginia: J. Donnell Smith s.n. [12/9/1879] (S).

CANADA. Ontario: Lewiston, R.B. Thompson 1924 (BM); Lake Erie, Burgess 1594 (BM).

Lectotypification.

We have selected the Michaux collection from Knoxville, Tennessee at P as lectotype of Convolvulus ciliolatus as it appears to be the only extant specimen that fits the protologue.

Notes.

Very variable particularly in the leaf shape (entire to deeply lobed) and in the relative and absolute sizes of the sepals as also in the size of the corolla and leaves, although the leaves are usually small (c. 5 cm long).

Distinguished by the white corolla with a pink throat and the prominently veined sepals. Ipomoea candicans is a form in which the abaxial leaf surface is white-tomentellous.

Figures

Figure 167. Photographs of Ipomoea species. A I. philomega B I. cairica C I. pandurata D I. acanthocarpa E I. aquatica. A http: // faunaandfloraofvietnam. blogspot. com B John Wood C Steve Turner D Maira Martinez E Wikipedia Commons.