Tentyria subcostata Solier, 1835

Bujalance, José L., Ferrer, Julio & Cárdenas, Ana M., 2023, A taxonomic revision of the genus Tentyria Latreille, 1802 in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Zootaxa 5320 (1), pp. 1-88 : 15-17

Tentyria subcostata Solier, 1835 ( Figs. 4 , 39 , 73 , 109 , 157 , 189 , 225, 226 , 250 )

Tentyria subcostata Solier, 1835: 325 ; Bujalance et al. 2016: 348, Martínez 2018: 58.

Tentyria sinuatocollis Rosenhauer, 1856: 185 (part).

Tentyria emarginata Kraatz, 1865: 141 (Rambur in litt.), Reitter 1900: 169, Gebien 1910:69 and 1937: 628, Español 1960: 405, Bujalance et al. 2016: 349 (syn.), Martínez 2018: 58.

Tentyria sinuaticollis ssp. emarginata Viñolas, 1986: 102 , Viñolas 1991: 46, Viñolas & Cartagena 2005: 79.

Tentyria elongata sinuaticollis sensu Palmer 1998: 268 .

Tentyria elongata subcostata Solier sensu Iwan & L̂bl 2020: 249.

Types examined: Lectotype ( Bujalance et al. 2016), carrying the following labels: subcostata / Tentyria subcostata Sol, T , alg, Du64 / MUSEUM PARIS, Coll. Solier, COLL. DE MARSEUL, 2842-90 / SYNTYPE / Tentyria subcostata Type Solier)” ( Fig. 225 ). In the MNHN, besides the syntype above mentioned, there are other two syntypes ( Fig. 247 a, b ) that do not match the description of Solier ( Bujalance et al. 2016).

Six syntypes (4♀♀ and 2♁♁) of Tentyria emarginata Kraatz in the SDEI with the following labels: Tentyria sp. ? / emarginata Kraatz / emarginata Kr. det. Schuster / 220 / Coll. Schaum / Syntypus / SDEI Coleoptera # 300626 (♀); Tentyria emarginata Kr. det. Schuster / Andalusien Kraatz / Coll. Kraatz / Syntypus / SDEI Coleoptera # 300627 (♀); emarginata Ramb. Kraatz Andalus / emarginata Kr. det. Schuster / Coll. Schaum / Syntypus / SDEI Coleoptera # 300628 (♀); emarginata Kraatz var. / var. elytris transversim rugosis, Andalus Staud. / emarginata Kr. det. Schuster / Coll. Kraatz / Syntypus / SDEI Coleoptera # 300629 (♁); emarginata Kr. var. / var. thoracis lobo medio marginato / emarginata Kr. det. Schuster / Coll. Kraatz / Syntypus / SDEI Coleoptera # 300630 (♁); Tentyria emarginata / Andalusien Kraatz / emarginata Kr. det. Schuster / Syntypus / SDEI Coleoptera # 300631 (♀) ( Fig. 226 ).

Additional material: Four historic specimens of Tentyria emarginata Rambur in litt, in coll. Rambur, ( MNHUB), all of them bearing the following labels: “ Tentyria emarginata Ramb.Andalus, Zool. Mus. Berlin, Hist.- Coll. ( Coleoptera ), Nr 45540”; one of them also bears two old handwritten labels: “ emarginata Rambur, Andalus Ramb ” and another with “Nr 45540”. One historic speciemen with three labels Tentyria curculionoides Hrbst. ?, Andalus, Laferté, Zool. Mus. Berlin, Hist.-Coll. ( Coleoptera ), Nr. 45576 / old handwritten label curculionoides Kr., Andalus, Laferté / old label with the number 45576. One historic specimen (1♀) with three labels handwritten by Rosenhauer: T. gaditana Rsh. Rosh., Hispania (big label with black margin) / T. gaditana Rsh. Rosh. (small label) / Hispania Rsh. (small label) ( NMUHB).

Morocco: Tentyria marocana? Solier, Restinga , Melilla, Morocco 1909, Arias leg. / MNCN (1♁, MNCN); Ras el Ma Cap, 14.X.1999, Gonz. Mtnez leg. (1 ex, CJGC). Spain: Cádiz: Chiclana 12.IX.2004, J.L. Bujalance leg. (1♀, CJLB); Rota 7.VIII.1987, J.L. Bujalance leg. (1 ex, CJLB); Tentyria emarginata Kr., P. Leo det., Tarifa 21.V.1977 (1 ex, CJdeF in CJLB); Tentyria emarginata Kr., P. Ardoin det., Tarifa, Paloma 2.III.1974, J. de Ferrer leg. (1 ex, CJdeF in CJLB); Tarifa 11.VI.1977, J. de Ferrer leg. (2 exx, CJdeF in CJLB); Tarifa (2 exx, CJF); Tarifa, M. Frene leg. (1 ex, CJF); Tarifa, Punta Paloma 16. VIII.2008 (1 ex) / 10.XI.2009 (4 exx), A. Castro Tovar leg. ( CACT); T. sinuaticollis Rosh., A. Viñolas det., Barbate 5.X.1983, J. de Ferrer leg. (1♀, CJdeF in CJLB); Bolonia, next to Barbate, 15.VIII.2002, Juan Fernández leg. (1♁, CJF); Playa de Bolonia, Tarifa, 2.IV.2010, A. Castro Tovar leg. (4 exx, CACT). San Fernándo, Playa del Castillo, 20.IX.2005, P. Coello leg. (1♁, CACT). Camping Bahía de Plata, Zahara de los Atunes, 2.VIII.2006, A. Castro Tovar leg. (1♀ and 1♁, CACT). Tentyria elongata ssp. sinuatocollis, Soldati det. 2001, Trafalgar Cap, 1.IV.1983, J.L. Moreno leg. (1♁, CJF). Huelva: P. N. de Doñana, A. Cárdenas, J. Hidalgo & J.L. Bujalance leg., 1999-2005 (many specimens, CJLB); Almonte 10.VI.2006, J.J. López-Pérez leg. (1 ex, CJJL); Aljaraque 18.IV.2007, F. López Martín (1♀, CJJL); isla de Saltes 25.III.2006, J.L. López-Pérez leg. (7 exx, CJJL); Tentyria sinuatocollis ssp. emarginata, A. Viñolas det., La Redondela, Lepe, 16.VIII.1981, J. de Ferrer leg., (1 ex., CJLB); Islantilla, 14.V.2006, J.L. Bujalance leg. (3♁♁, CJLB); Málaga: Tentyria sinuaticollis ssp. emarginata, A. Viñolas det., Sª de las Nieves, Ronda 8.VI.1983, J. de Ferrer leg. (1♁, CJLB). Portugal: Monte Gordo, 4.4.2010, A. Castro Tovar leg. (5♁♁ and 1♀, CACT); Tentyria elongata sinuaticollis Rosenh., Palmer det. 97, Faro 6.IV.1958, P. Ardoin leg. (1♀, MNHN); Lagoa, 14.VII.2006, J.L. Bujalance leg. (1♁ and 2♀♀, CJLB); Faro 21.VIII.1977, J. Ferrer leg. (1 ex., CJF); Albufeira 1.VI.1977, J. Ferrer leg. (1 ex, CJF); Monte Gordo, Algarve, 27.6.1977, J. Grico leg. (2♀♀, CJF); Ria de Alvor, Algarve 14.V.1982, A. Zuzarte leg. (10 exx, CJF); Portimao, Algarve 4.IV.1988, R. Rober leg. (1♁ and 1♀, CJF); Portogallo: Lagos, Novak 12.IX.11 / Tentyria lateritia Rtt. /530/ Tentyria emarginata Kraatz, J.L. Bujalance det. 2006 (1♀, NHMB); Lagos Lu., Novak 9-911 / lateritia /Sammlung Adr. Schuster / Winkler / Tentyria emarginata Kraatz, J.L. Bujalance det. 2006 (2♁, NHMB).

Diagnosis: According to Solier’s original description: “Black, very faintly shiny. Head with well-marked punctures, rather widely spaced and almost posteriorly effaced, with a slightly transverse and deep hollow in the middle of the inferior part. Prothorax transverse, rather low-cut anteriorly, sub-lunate, with the dorsum very finely punctured, and prolonged in the middle of the base into a rather pronounced elongate lobe and forming two broad and obtuse teeth: marginal groove effaced in the middle of the base. Elytra rather convex, short, oval, scarcely punctured: each one provided with three very slightly pronounced ribs, occasionally other ones less marked are also observable among them. Abdomen, ventrally almost completely smooth” (translated from French).

In addition, head ( Fig. 4 ) with the supraorbital fold somewhat prominent; slightly or not convex eyes, epistome with the anterior margin truncate or sub-truncate, unusually toothed; gular groove consisting of a deep central depression, not well defined ( Fig. 39 ); pronotum ( Fig. 73 ) somewhat transverse, central lobe exceptionally very finely margined; male protibiae slender and sinuous in the inner margin ( Fig. 141 ); prosternal apophysis longitudinally furrowed, subparallel-sided and converging in a straight line towards the apex which is truncate or blunt ( Fig. 109 ). Elytra more elongated in males ( Fig. 189 ). Aedeagus ( Fig. 157 ) about 3.4 mm long, with parameres equal in length to the phallobase, non-sinuous sides, subparallel, and tapering at the apex into a blunt tooth.

Comments: T. subcostata has been misunderstood and confounded with other taxa since its description ( Bujalance et al. 2016). Solier (1835) only indicated “Barbarie” as typical locality, without specifying, despite the three syntypes located in the MNHN carry labels with locality indication, “alg” ( Algeria? Algeciras?) and “alger”. However, only the lectotype ( Bujalance et al. 2016) fits the initial description of Solier (1835); the remaining syntypes correspond to T. maura Erichson, 1841 , described from Algeria ( Fig. 247 ). The label carried by the lectotype it not clear, bur probably it indicates Algeciras (Dupont collection) and not Algeria.

Kraatz (1865), by comparison with the above-mentioned types, considered typical specimens of T. subcostata Solier those from Algeria (with the base of the pronotum margined and without bidentate central lobe), despite that do not agree with the description of Solier (1835), arguing the specific variability of this character. For this reason, Kraatz (1865) considered that T. maura Erichson, 1841 and T. acuminipennis Lucas, 1855 , both described from Algeria, are identical to the “typical Algerian specimens of T. subcostata ”, thus creating the respective synonyms. However, despite having confused with an Algerian species, Kraatz (1865) cited this species from Algeciras, rejected the identity of T. subcostata Solier and described T. emarginata Kraatz , whose diagnosis is similar to that of T. subcostata Solier ( Bujalance et al., 2016) . Kraatz (1865) considered that different morphotypes of T. sinuatocollis Rosenhauer,1856 belonged to different taxa. From these specimens with the base of the pronotum not margined, the posterior angles of the pronotum obtuse, and the elytra scarcely or not striated, Kraatz described T. emarginata (Rambur in litt.) of Andalucía, without indicating a specific locality.

Reitter (1900) transcribed the errors of Kraatz; Palmer (1998), furthermore, considered this last species a subspecies of T. elongata Waltl , and added a new error when considering T. marocana Solier synonymy of T. subcostata Solier ( Bujalance et al. 2016) . Finally, Leo & Fancello (2019) indicated, without argument, that the synonymy between T. subcostata and T. emarginata syn. that we established ( Bujalance et al. 2016) was pending verification. The establishment of the synonymy was based on the comparative study of type material of T. subcostata Solier and is ratified in the present revision with the designation of Lectotype of T. emarginata Kraatz.

Differential diagnosis: As consequence of the great confusion of this taxon, we believed necessary to differentiate it from other North African taxa with which it has been confused. The type of T. marocana Solier ( Fig. 248 ), differs from T. subcostata Solier , mainly, by having larger average size, more marked and denser punctures, more convex eyes, even overflowing the lateral margin of the head, less truncated epistome, more transverse pronotum, with the posterior angles better indicated, the base clearly margined, without bidentate central lobe, elytra in wide oval, with subparallel sides, flat in the disc and striated rough. Tentyria maura Erichson (= Tentyria subcostata sensu Kraatz, 1865 ) ( Fig. 247 ), differs from T. subcostata Solier , mainly, by having more convex eyes, more transverse pronotum, with the later angles more rounded and nothing marked, the base completely and clearly margined, sinuate on both sides and with the basal lobe slightly protruding back, wide, truncated, but never bidentate; oval elytra, wide and convex on the sides, depressed on both sides of the suture, very acuminate at the apex and generally with the lateral ribs raised and marked.

Designation of the Lectotype of Tentyria emarginata Kraatz, 1865 , present designation:

To stabilize the taxonomy of the genus Tentyria , of the six syntypes located in the SDEI we designate Lectotype to the specimen carrying the original Kraatz labels and corresponds to the original description: Tentyria emarginata / Andalusien Kraatz / emarginata Kr. det. Schuster / Syntypus / SDEI Coleoptera # 300631 (♀) ( Fig. 226 ). The other five specimens are considered as Paralectotypes.

Geographic distribution: Ibero-Maghrebian species, described from the “Barbarie” ( Solier, 1835) and recorded in the Moroccan Mediterranean coast ( Bujalance et al. 2016). Faucheux (2009) cited this species in the Atlantic littoral: Tentyria elongata ssp. subcostatata, Labrique det. Due to the past confusion concerning this taxon, its actual distribution in North Africa is not yet sufficiently defined. In the Iberian Peninsula it is widely distributed along the south and southwest coast, from Algeciras to Lagos (southern Portugal).

Figures

FIGURES 1–35. Heads. 1: T. mucronata. 2: T. schaumii. 3: T. ophiusae. 4: T. subcostata. 5: T. striatorugosa. 6: T. sinuatocollis. 7: T. lateritia. 8: T. faroensis. 9: T. curculionoides. 10: T. stupefacta. 11: T. heydeni. 12: T. espanoli. 13: T. interrupta. 14: T. platyceps. 15: T. bassii. 16: T. eulipoides. 17: T. peiroleri ssp. peiroleri. 18: T. peiroleri ssp. incerta. 19: T. prolixa. 20: T. sublaevis ssp. sublaevis. 21: T. sublaevis ssp. cognata. 22: T. kochi 23: T. castrotovari. 24: T. gaditana. 25: T. corrugata. 26: T. donanensis. 27: T. pseudogaditana. 28: T. velox ssp. velox. 29: T. velox ssp. circumvoluta. 30: T. velox ssp. serrana. 31: T. grossa ssp. basalis. 32: T. castiliana. 33: T. aragonica. 34: T. pazi. 35: T. bifida.

FIGURES 36–69. Gular grooves. 36: T. mucronata. 37: T. schaumii. 38: T. ophiusae. 39: T. subcostata. 40: T. striatorugosa. 41: T. sinuatocollis. 42: T. lateritia. 43: T. faroensis. 44: T. curculionoides. 45: T. stupefacta. 46: T. heydeni. 47: T. espanoli. 48: T. interrupta. 49: T. platyceps. 50: T. bassii. 51: T. eulipoides. 52: T. peiroleri. 53: T. prolixa. 54: T. sublaevis ssp. sublaevis. 55: T. sublaevis ssp. cognata. 56: T. kochi. 57: T. castrotovari. 58: T. gaditana. 59: T. corrugata. 60: T. donanensis. 61: T. pseudogaditana. 62: T. velox ssp. velox. 63: T. velox ssp. circumvoluta. 64: T. velox ssp. serrana. 65: T. grossa ssp. basalis. 66: T. castiliana. 67: T. aragonica. 68: T. pazi. 69: T. bifida.

FIGURES 70–87. I / Pronota I. 70: T. mucronata. 71: T. schaumii. 72: T. ophiusae. 73: T. subcostata / T. striatorugosa. 74: T. sinuatocollis ssp. sinuatocollis. 75: T. sinuatocollis ssp. escalerai. 76: T. lateritia. 77: T. faroensis. 78: T. curculionoides. 79: T. stupefacta. 80: T. heydeni. 81: T. espanoli. 82: T. interrupta. 83: T. platyceps. 84: T. bassii / T. eulipoides. 85: T. peiroleri ssp. peiroleri. 86: T. peiroleri ssp. incerta. 87: T. prolixa.

FIGURES 106–140. Prosternal apophyses. 106: T. mucronata. 107: T. schaumii. 108: T. ophiusae. 109: T. subcostata. 110: T. striatorugosa. 111: T. sinuatocollis. 112: T. lateritia. 113: T. faroensis. 114: T. curculionoides. 115: T. stupefacta. 116: T. heydeni. 117: T. espanoli. 118: T. interrupta. 119: T. platyceps. 120: T. bassii. 121: T. eulipoides. 122: T. peiroleri ssp. peiroleri. 123: T. peiroleri ssp. incerta. 124: T. prolixa. 125: T. sublaevis ssp. sublaevis. 126: T. sublaevis ssp. cognata. 127: T. kochi. 128: T. castrotovari. 129: T. gaditana. 130: T. corrugata. 131: T. donanensis. 132: T. pseudogaditana. 133: T. velox ssp. velox. 134: T. velox ssp. circumvoluta. 135: T. velox ssp. serrana. 136: T. grossa ssp. basalis. 137: T. castiliana. 138: T. aragonica. 139: T. pazi. 140: T. bifida (a ventral view; b. lateral view).

FIGURES 154–171. I. / Aedeagi I. 154: T. mucronata. 155: T. schaumii. 156: T. ophiusae. 157: T. subcostata. 158: T. striatorugosa. 159: T. sinuatocollis f.t. 160: T. lateritia. 161: T. faroensis. 162: T. curculionoides. 163: T. stupefacta. 164: T. heydeni. 165: T. espanoli. 166: T. interrupta. 167: T. platyceps. 168: T. bassii. 169: T. eulipoides. 170: T. peiroleri. 171: T. prolixa.

FIGURES 186–191. Habitus (♁) I. 186: T. mucronata. 187: T. schaumii. 188: T. ophiusae. 189: T. subcostata. 190: T. striatorugosa sp. nov. (Holotype). 191: T. sinuatocollis ssp. sinuatocollis.

FIGURES 222–227. Habitus Type I. 222: T. elongata (NHMW, ♁). 223:T. schaumii (SDEI, Lectotype des., ♀). 224: T. ophiusae (ZSM, ♁). 225: T. subcostata (MNHN, Lectotype, ♀). 226: T. emarginata (SDEI, Lectotype des., ♀). 227: T. sinuatocollis (MNHN, Lectotype des., ♀).

FIGURES 249–251. Habitus of historical specimens I (Rambur in litt.). 249: T. arenaria (= T. sinuatocollis Rosenhauer, non T. elongata sensu Kraatz); a, b, c: variability of elytra sculpture. 250: T. emarginata (T. emarginata Kraatz = T. subcostata Solier). 251: T. rugosostriata (= T. striatorugosa sp. nov., non T. elongata sensu Kraatz); a: ♀, b: ♁.

FIGURES 247, 248. Habitus of North African Tentyria confused with T. subcostata Solier. 247: T. maura Erichson JL. Bujalance det.: a, b (alg / Alger “Algeria”) non Syntype of T. subcostata (MNHN), does not fit original description; c (NRMS). 248: T. marocana Solier (Tanger) (MNHN); a, b: Syntype; c: T. elongata subcostata sensu Palmer.

FIGURES 141–153. Figure 141: Protibiae of T. eulipoides (a: ♁, b: ♀). Figures 142–145: Base of the elytra. 142: T. striatorugosa / T. sinuatocollis. 143: T. ophiusae. 144: T. mucronata. 145: T. grossa ssp. basalis.