Sida nemorensis Martius ex Colla (1833: 416)

Grings, Martin & Boldrini, Ilsi Iob, 2022, Synopsis of Sida (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, Phytotaxa 542 (2), pp. 105-135 : 116

10. Sida nemorensis Martius ex Colla (1833: 416) ( Figures 5 , 6A–D , 14J ).

Lectotype (designated by Fryxell 1976: 591, as “ holotype ”): Brazil. Bahia: “Rio Belmonte [Rio Jequitinhonha]”, 1816, Anonymous [Wied] s.n. (TO! [digital image]).

Taxonomic notes: — Colla (1833) and Fryxell (1976) attributed the type collection to Martius, who never collected at Rio Jequitinhonha. Wied collected over 100 species at “Rio Belmonte” ( Moraes et al. 2013). Sida nemorensis can be distinguished from other species of section Nelavagae by the aristate mericarps, by the presence of glandular trichomes in the stems, and by the erect habit ( Figures 6A–D , 14J ; Table 1 ) ( Krapovickas 2006). In the present work, photos of the species in its habitat are presented for the first time.

Distribution, habitat and conservation status: — Sida nemorensis occurs in Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and southeast, midwest and south of Brazil ( Krapovickas 2006, Bovini 2020). In state of Rio Grande do Sul, the species was found so far only in two places, in Coastal grassland associated with Butia catarinensis Noblick & Lorenzi (2010: 164) and in Inland subtropical Forest ( Figure 5 ), in edges. With the available records, the species presents an EOO of 2,734,283.060 Km² and an AOO of 170 Km². Although it can be considered EN by the AOO, conditions B(a), B(b) and B(c) were not met. Therefore, the species is here considered Least Concern (LC).

Representative specimens: — BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul. Derrubadas, Parque Estadual do Turvo , s.d., P . Brack et al. 1721 ( ICN); Torres, Campo Bonito, BR 101 Km 06, 10 February 1983, A . Krapovickas & C. L . Cristóbal 38480 ( CTES, HAS) .

Figures

FIGURE 5. Distribution map of Sida glaziovii, S. paradoxa, S. linifolia, S. nemorensis, S. planicaulis, S. potentilloides and S. rubifolia in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil.

FIGURE 6. A–D. Sida nemorensis. A. Flower. B. Branch with leaves and flowers. C. Leaves and schizocarps. D. Calyx and mericarps. E–J. Sida paradoxa. E. Flower. F. Branch with leaves and stipules. G. Abaxial surface of leaf. H. Habit. I–J. Schizocarps. K–P. Sida planicaulis. K. Flowers. L. Adaxial surface of leaf. M. Abaxial surface of leaf. N. Branch with distichous leaves arrangement. O. Schizocarps. P. Branch with flowers and schizocarps. PhotographsA–B by Amaury Junior, C–P by Martin Grings (C–D from Krapovickas & Cristóbal 38480, HAS).

FIGURE 14. Mericarps. A. Sida anomala. B. Sida confusa. C. Sida farroupilhensis. D. Sida glaziovii. E. Sida cerradoensis. F. Sida cordifolia. G. Sida dubia. H. Sida linifolia. I. Sida lonchitis. J. Sida nemorensis. K. Sida paradoxa. L. Sida planicaulis. M. Sida potentilloides.N. Sida reitzii. O. Sida regnellii. P. Sida rhombifolia.Q. Sida riedelii. R. Sida rubifolia.S. Sida spinosa.T. Sida tuberculata. U. Sida urens. V. Sida viarum. Photographs by Martin Grings.