Shangomyia Saether & Wang, 1993

Cranston, Peter S., 2003, The Oriental Genus Shangomyia Saether & Wang (Chironomidae: Diptera): Immature Stages, Biology, Putative Relationships And The Evolution Of Wood Mining In Chironomid Larvae, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51 (2), pp. 179-186 : 180

Shangomyia Saether & Wang, 1993

Shangomyia Saether & Wang, 1993: 188 .

Taxon 1 – Coffman et al., 1988: 159.

Diagnosis. – Larva with dorsal surface of head ( Fig. 1f ) with S3 on sclerotized anterior margin of frontoclypeal apotome, deeply divided by apparently flexible area from separate anterior sclerites. Antenna ( Fig. 1a ) 5-segmented, with 3 short apical segments, 3 rd subequal to 5 th, both shorter than 4 th; basal segment with basal Ring organ, strong seta arising from mid-segment; style slightly longer than Lauterborn organs, which are subequal to length of 3rd segment; blade extending far beyond antennal apex.

Labrum ( Fig. 1e , in semilateral view) narrowed and tapering anteriorly. SI simple, stout, SII and SIII simple, long and thin, SIVa, b quite well developed. No evidence of labral lamellae. Pecten epipharyngis of 3 broad rounded scales, 3 chaetulae laterales, weakly serrate apically. Premandible with one apical tooth and fine, stubble brush.

Mentum ( Fig. 1b ) with prominent extended saggitate median tooth, with four pairs of retracted lateral teeth, with outermost teeth fused basally, separated by notch, ventromental plate ( Fig. 1c ) small and short, without beard, with bifid seta submentum.

Mandible ( Fig. 1d ) without dorsal tooth, with apical tooth and four inner teeth, decreasing in size from outer to inner, with 4th (innermost) larger, bulging from swollen mola with narrow seta subdentalis curving around its margin; mola bearing 4 strong spines; seta interna absent.

Abdomen. Body setae short. Procercus strong, darkened, 4- 6 times as long as wide, with 2 strong lateral setae and 6 relatively short apical setae. Anterior parapods apparently scarcely separated, crowned with simple yellow claws. Posterior parapods claws large curved, simple, dark yellow. Anal papillae undeterminable.

Pupa (as in Coffman et al., 1988, ‘Taxon 1’) lacking frontal setae and thoracic horn, leg sheaths all recurved beneath wing sheaths. Abdomen ( Fig. 2a ) with tergites II-V each with anterior transverse band of uniserial spines, medially interrupted on II, complete on III-V ( Fig. 2b ), lying posterior to area of dense shagreen, TII and III each with uniserial row of hooklets, TIV with medio-posterior patch of strong, anteriorly-directed dark spines, TVI with anteromedian semicircular area of tubercular blunt spines ( Fig. 2c ), pedes spurii B on III, posterolateral corner of VIII without comb, with cluster of spinules; anal lobe without fringe, with hairlike dorsal and ventral seta.

Adult (as Saether & Wang, 1993) with 13 flagellomeres, eye with no dorsomedial extension, front tibia with long spur, mid and hind legs with long curved and simple spurs - all spurs denticulate and arising from apical scale; Hypopygium ( Fig. 2d ) with flexible gonocoxite/gonostylus, gonostylus with apical tooth.

The larva and pupa can be distinguished from other regional Chironomidae using the keys provided by Cranston (in press).

Figures

Fig.1. Shangomyia impectinata Saether & Wang, 1993, Larva; A. Antenna; B. Mentum, ventral; C, Ventromental plate (x1000 magnification); D. Mandible, inner teeth and mola; E. Labrum, semi-lateral view of rotated labrum; F. Dorsal head.

Fig. 2. Shangomyia impectinata Saether & Wang, 1993, Pupa, male hypopygium; A. Tergites, dorsal; B. anterior tergite IV; C. posterior tergite VI. D. Male hypopygium, left side dorsal, right side ventral/ stylised internal.