Doryteuthis sanpaulensis ( Brakoniecki, 1984 )

Migliavacca, Paulo Presti & Simone, Luiz Ricardo L., 2020, Morphological comparison between Doryteuthis pleii and D. sanpaulensis (Cephalopoda, Myopsida, Loliginidae) from Brazil, Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60, pp. 1-14 : 6-9

Doryteuthis sanpaulensis ( Brakoniecki, 1984) ( Figs. 2 , 3 , 5, 6)

Synonymy see Brakoniecki (1984). Complement:

Loligo sanpaulensis Brakoniecki, 1984: 441-446 (figs. 3-4); Roper et al., 1984: 102; Haimovici & Perez, 1991: 227; Costa & Fernandes, 1993: 753 (tab. 1); Andriguetto & Haimovici, 1996: 444; Pineda et al., 1996: 88 (fig. 5); Sanchez et al., 1996: 540 (fig. 17); Anderson, 2000: 606 (tab. 2); Barón & Ré, 2002: 270 (figs.1 and 5); Herke& Foltz,2002:106 (tab.1); Pineda et al., 2002: 71 (tab. 1); Barón, 2003a: 222 (fig. 1); Barón, 2003b: 1350 (figs. 4, 6 and 8); Rodrigues & Gasalla, 2008: 634 (tab. 2); Vidal et al., 2010: 1348 (tab. 1). Doryteuthis sanpaulensis: Vecchione et al., 2005: 25 (tab. 2); Jereb & Roper, 2010: 69 (fig. 97); de Aguiar et al., 2012: 17 (tab. 1); de Luna Sales et al., 2013: 294 (fig. 1); Crespi-Abril et al., 2014: 15 (tab. 1).

Type locality: San Matias Gulf, Argentina, 41°47′S, 63°35′W.

Holotype: USNM 815464 .

Material examined: Brazil; Rio de Janeiro: off Farol de São Thomé, MZSP 101894 , 1 spm. (Nunan coll., 26 January 2007). off Maricás Island , 23°01′S, 42°50′W, MZSP 101891, 44- 50 m,1 spm.(17-18 November 2002).off Niterói, 23°05′S, 43°06′W, MZSP 110019, 30- 50 m, 1 spm. (Mendonça Jr

coll., 05 December 2012). 23°05′S, 43°06′W, MZSP 110025 , 30- 50 m, 20 spm.(Mendonça Jr coll., 05 December 2012).off Paraty , MZSP 32966 , 2 spm. (Fishermen coll., March 2001). São Paulo: off Ubatuba , Itaguá Beach , MZSP 26409 , 2 spm. ( Figueiredo coll.). MZSP 27083 , 19 spm. (Monfouchet coll., 12 March 1970). off São Sebastião , Alcatrazes Island , MZSP 27075 , 2 spm. (16 March 1964). 24°02′S, 44°42′W, MZSP 27160 , 80- 90 m, 25 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 11 August 1970). MZSP47280 ,2spm.off Santos , MZSP34506 ,10- 15 m, 6 spm. ( Cunha coll., May 1998). MZSP 34645 , 130- 150 m, 1 spm. ( Cunha coll., February 2002). MZSP 47289 , 18 m, 13 spm. ( R / V “ Emilia ” coll., November 1976). MZSP 91389 , 3 spm.( Cunha coll., June 2009). MZSP 107571 , 20 m,30 spm. ( Cunha coll., June 2009). off Boqueirão , 24°01′S, 46°25′W, MZSP 80343 , 11 spm. ( Simone coll., 1997). MZSP 27321 , 6 m, 3 spm. (Simone coll., 10 January 1990). off Iguape , 25°10′S, 46°45′W, MZSP 18639 , 7 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 30 May 1970). Santa Catarina: off Itajaí , MZSP 92950 , 51 m, 11 spm. ( R / V “ NPq Soloncy Moura ” coll., 09 November 2009). off Florianópolis , 27°09′S, 47°41′W, MZSP 27135 , 115 m, 2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 16 August 1970). 27°56′S, 48°29′W, MZSP 18680 , 8 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 17 December 1970). off Laguna , 28°32′S, 48°11′W, MZSP 18638 , 4 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 03 June 1970). off Balneário Gaivota , 29°13′S, 49°35′W, MZSP 27133 , 20 m, 2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 31 January 1972). 29°13′S, 49°35′W, MZSP 27148 , 19 m, 10 spm.( R / V “ W.Besnard ” coll., 06 April 1972). 29°16′S, 49°14′W, MZSP 27143 , 51 m, 3 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 30 January 1972). 29°23′S, 49°16′W, MZSP 27137 , 50 m, 4 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 06 April 1972). Rio Grande do Sul: off Arroio do Sal , 29°52′S, 48°41′W, MZSP 18603 , 4 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 05 March 1969). off Capão da Canoa , 29°58′S, 49°18′W, MZSP 27144 , 92 m,5 spm.( R / V “ W.Besnard ” coll., 29 January 1972). off Tramandaí , MZSP 26410 , 3 spm. (Phonlor coll., 1974). off Cidreira , MZSP 26411 , 10 m, 1 spm. ( Phonlor coll., July 1974). MZSP 26408 , 10 m, 1 spm. (Phonlor coll., 08 October 1974). off Balneário Pinhal , 30°16′S, 50°09′W, MZSP 27138 , 22 m, 2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 28 January 1972). 30°22′S, 49°36′W, MZSP 18589 , 18 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 05 December 1968). 30°27′S, 49°48′W, MZSP 27130 , 71 m, 6 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 28 January 1972). off Solidão , 30°47′S, 50°28′W, MZSP 27145 , 17 m, 8 spm. ( R / V “ W.Besnard ” coll., 26 January 1972). 30°53′S, 50°16′W, MZSP 27132 , 60 m, 2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 26 January 1972). off Mostardas , 31°09′S, 50°43′W, MZSP 27131 , 20 m, 12 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 07 August 1972). 31°12′S, 50°35′W, MZSP 27141 , 59 m, 5 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 29 January 1972). off Tavares , 31°30′S, 51°00′W, MZSP 27139 , 22 m, 13 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 25 January 1972). off Rio Grande , 32°13′S, 50°35′W, MZSP 27136 , 84 m, 2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 22 January 1972). 32°20′S, 51°22′W, MZSP 27128 , 52 m, 8 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 21 January 1972). 32°28′S, 51°07′W, MZSP 27155 , 61 m, 5 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 03 November 1972). 32°28′S, 52°15′W, MZSP 47314 , 15 m, 10 spm.( R / V “ W.Besnard ” coll., 20 January 1972). MZSP 47292 , 2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 17 August 1968). MZSP18579 ,3 spm.( R / V “ W.Besnard ” coll., 22 August 1968). off Curral Alto , 33°13′S, 51°58′W, MZSP 27150 , 51 m, 2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 02 November1972). 33°16′S, 52°05′W, MZSP18601 ,4 spm.( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 13 December 1968). 33°32′S, 52°18′W, MZSP 18619 ,2 spm. ( R / V “ W. Besnard ” coll., 13 March 1969). MZSP 27158 , 20 spm. ( No additional information).

Distribution: Southwestern Atlantic Ocean; usually from southern Brazil (20°S) to northern Patagonia, Argentina (46°S) ( Jereb & Roper, 2010).

Description

Mantle: Cylindrical and muscular ranging to about 89 mm ( Table 3 ; Fig. 2A ); ~ 3 times longer than wide.

Head: Eye diameter approximately 12% ML ( Table 4 ). Length and width very similar to each other.

Chromatophores: Distributed throughout body, especially on dorsal region including head (around eyes); dorsal midline of mantle forming an expressive solid line in region free from fins; few chromatophores clustering in middle of fins and at arms/tentacles ( Fig. 2A ). Mature males do not present stripped chromatophores along ventral portion of mantle.

Fins: Rhomboid, posteriorly connected to mantle, slightly ovate and moderately long, comprising ~ 59% ML ( Table 4 ; Fig. 2A ).

Arms: Muscular, thick at base and distally tapering into slender tips; formula III>IV>II>I (~ lengths: 41 mm, 38 mm, 36 mm, 28 mm); two rows of suckers. Hectocotylus consists of ~ 40% of left ventral arm length extending to arm tip ( Table 4 ). Left row of suckers modified into a simple peduncle whereas right row remaining as suckers. No connection between modified row and suckers, forming valley pattern throughout hectocotylus ( Fig. 2E ).

Tentacle: Club long and broad, ~ 37% ML ( Table 4 ). Carpus, manus and dactylus uniformly distributed, with boundaries not very sharp, hindering their definition (especially between manus and dactylus); 4 diagonal rows of suckers along club as stated for D. pleii ; 2 central rows at manus not so different in size from other suckers ( Fig. 2B ). Each sucker with small ring of teeth apparently at surface of sucker’s aperture. Longitudinal muscle around suckers present ( Fig. 2D ).

Circulatory and central nervous system: Similar to preceding species. No apparent morphological differences ( Fig. 3A ).

Digestive system: Pigmented tip of upper beak is long and slender ( Fig.2C ). Remaining structures similar to preceding species.

Male genital system: Similar to preceding species. No apparent morphological differences ( Figs. 6A, 6B ) except for hectocotylus above described.

Female genital system: Similar to preceding species except for nidamental glands with prominent thin tip ( Fig. 5D ).

Figures

Figure 2. Doryteuthis sanpaulensis general features. (A) Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) whole view of a male, scale = 20 mm; (B) Tentacular club,scale = 5 mm; (C) Upper beak,scale = 2 mm;(D) Sucker from tentacular club,scale = 1 mm;(E) Left ventral arm showing hectocotylized portion,scale = 5 mm.

Figure 3. (A) Central vascular system representing both species,ventral view;(B) Central nervous system representingboth species,ventral view.Scales:= 5 mm.

Figure 5. (A) Female, representing both species, ventral view, mantle opened longitudinally, scale = 20 mm; (B) Doryteuthis pleii female reproductive system, ventral view, scale = 10 mm; (C) Female reproductive system representing both species nidamental gland removed, scale = 10 mm; (D) Doryteuthis sanpaulensis female reproductive system,ventral view,scale = 10mm.

Figure 6. (A) Male,representing both species,ventral view,mantle opened longitudinally,scale =20 mm;(B) Detail of malereproductive system representing both species,ventral view,scale = 10mm; (C) Male reproductive system isolated,representing both species,ventral view,scale = 10 mm.

Tables

Table 3. Biometric measurements of Doryteuthissanpaulensis.ML:mantle length (mm); FL:fins length(mm);ED:eye diameter (mm); AI,AII,AIII,AIV:armslength dorsally to ventrally(mm);HtL:hectocotylus length (mm); CL:tentacular club length (mm).

Individual		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
Sex		♀	♂	♂	♀	♀	♀	♂	♂	♂	♀	♂	♀	♀	♀	♀	♀	♀	♂	♂	♂
ML		92	116	110	92	102	95	94	77	82	74	85	75	70	75	75	70	74	55	145	149
FL		55,1	70,1	64,9	53,2	63,6	56,2	56,1	43,1	47,3	43,4	51,2	45,1	42,3	42,8	45,8	42,6	42,1	32,3	86,1	90,6
ED		10,9	10,7	10,9	10	11,1	10,2	10,1	9,7	10,9	9,8	10,5	8,7	8,7	8,3	11	11,5	8,6	8,3	12,2	12,4
LEFT	AI	31,1	33,5	30,5	29,2	37	25,6	26,7	27,8	27	25	29,6	25,5	22,8	26,4	31,3	33,3	22	17,7	30,9	40
	AII	38,5	44,1	40,8	38,1	49,2	37,8	38,6	32,4	36,5	32,2	39,2	33,4	32,9	30,8	40,3	29,3	27,8	24,5	51,6	50,3
	AIII	43,4	49,6	41,4	46,1	55,1	35,9	44,4	35,4	38,2	39	40,5	38,7	35,7	37,2	46,7	53,5	24,8	26	57,9	55,4
	AIV	43,1	38,2	47,3	10,3	49,2	38,7	40,8	31,4	31,1	35,5	29,9	33,5	33,1	34,6	47,2	49,3	30,3	24,8	45,2	52,9
	HtL	—	17,8	15,8	—	—	—	15	12,6	15,2	—	12,8	—	—	—	—	—	—	9,9	21,3	17,8
	CL	34,4	38,7	36	33,5	43,9	30,3	32,1	22,8	28	29,8	27,2	35,2	30,2	30,2	32,5	34,4	27,7	22	38	46,6
RIGHT AI		29,9	22,2	29,7	30,8	34,3	28,5	26,1	25,7	28,3	25,8	27,2	27,2	23,1	25,3	31,5	24,9	21,4	19	38	42,5
	AII	38,6	44,2	32,7	39,6	50,5	34,9	38,7	32,6	37,2	32,2	38,4	32,1	34,5	32,4	41,8	45,4	27,8	22,2	46,4	49,5
	AIII	45,8	48,7	45,1	45,9	54,2	37,6	44,6	35,8	38,9	34,6	39,4	42,2	36,2	35,9	47,7	55,4	32,2	27,4	51,5	53,3
	AIV	40,3	40,1	44,9	44,2	51,4	39,6	39,4	31,8	34,5	36	35,2	35	33,3	34,1	47,8	47,1	31,1	24,5	50,5	55,1
	CL	19,8	34,9	35,5	33,5	46,9	31,5	32,3	23	28,5	29	30,2	35,1	30,7	35,9	33,3	32,9	29,2	22,7	38,6	48,3
Individual		21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40
Sex		♂	♂	♀	♂	♀	♀	♀	♂	♀	♂	♀	♀	♂	♀	♂	♀	♀	♂	♂	♀
ML		115	107	111	78,7	70	71,8	69	85,3	98,2	146	96,1	75,9	75,4	84,3	62	75,8	98	84,3	71,8	74
FL		70,4	63,2	66,2	47	41,6	37,4	39	50	61,8	87,2	55	41,7	42,3	52	36	43	59	51,7	43	43,3
ED		11	9,9	10,4	9,6	9,4	9,8	9,4	8,1	12,8	14	13,3	10,9	10	13,9	11	11,3	12,6	12,6	11	11,4
LEFT	AI	35,6	34,8	34,4	22,5	20,3	23,2	22,5	22,6	—	32,6	30	25,4	25,7	—	21,5	23,3	29,6	27,4	25	—
	AII	46,6	42,8	41,8	26,3	26,8	31,9	26,8	28	—	35,8	36	32,3	33,9	—	26,4	29,1	41,8	34,7	34,3	—
	AIII	49,6	49	48,9	30,6	33	35,8	33,5	32,4	—	50,9	46,5	39	36,8	—	32	33,2	44,5	36,6	38,7	—
	AIV	48	41,8	46,8	29,7	31,7	32,4	31,9	32,3	—	51,2	45,9	38	32	—	31	36,5	42	35,3	32,7	—
	HtL	19,1	16,8	—	11,1	—	—	—	12,9	—	19,5	—	—	13,9	—	14	—	—	12,3	11	—
	CL	34,3	41,1	41	30,8	33,6	31,2	29,7	29,8	32,1	45,9	30,6	29,4	28,8	31,5	28,7	31,1	38,4	30,6	28,9	29,9
RIGHT AI		34,5	34,1	33,7	22	21	22,4	22,8	22,6	—	32,8	31,1	24,3	27,5	—	21	23,3	29,6	27,2	25	—
	AII	41,2	35,5	45,3	26,1	28,4	30,8	28,9	27,9	—	35	35,9	32	33,5	—	26	28,7	41,8	34,7	34	—
	AIII	44,7	46,7	54,2	32	33,1	32,8	33,5	31,8	—	51,4	45	38,8	36,8	—	31,8	34,4	44,5	36,5	38,6	—
	AIV	52,5	45,7	50,6	30,7	31,3	33,1	33,3	30,3	—	56	44,8	37,6	33,6	—	29,8	33,4	42	35	33,4	—
	CL	42	41,5	41,5	30,6	32,9	31,7	30,3	29,9	31,5	45,3	31,2	30,1	28,5	32	29,1	32	38,3	31,2	28,8	29,8

Table4. Proportionsbetween characters ofDoryteuthissanpaulensis.FL-ML:Proportionbetween finlength andmantle length (%);ED-ML:Proportionbetween eye diameter and mantle length (%); HtL-Lft AIV: Proportion between hectocotylized portion and left ventral arm length (%). CL-ML: Proportion between tentacular club length and mantle length (%).

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
FL-ML	♀ 59,9	♂ 60,4	♂ 59	♀ 57,8	♀ 62,4	♀ 59,2	♂ 59,7	♂ 56	♂ 57,7	♀ 58,6	♂ 60,2	♀ 60,1	♀ 60,4	♀ 57,1	♀ 61,1	♀ 60,9	♀ 56,9	♂ 58,7	♂ 59,4	♂ 60,8
ED-ML	11,8	9,22	9,91	10,9	10,9	10,7	10,7	12,6	13,3	13,2	12,4	11,6	12,4	11,1	14,7	16,4	11,6	15,1	8,41	8,32
HtL-Lft AIV	—	46,6	33,4	—	—	—	36,8	40,1	48,9	—	42,8	—	—	—	—	—	—	39,9	47,1	33,6
CL-ML	29,5	31,7	32,5	36,4	44,5	32,5	34,3	29,7	34,5	39,7	33,8	46,9	43,5	44,1	43,9	48,1	38,4	40,6	26,4	31,8
	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33	34	35	36	37	38	39	40
FL-ML	♂ 61,2	♂ 59,1	♀ 59,6	♂ 59,7	♀ 59,4	♀ 52,1	♀ 56,5	♂ 58,6	♀ 62,9	♂ 59,8	♀ 57,2	♀ 54,9	♂ 56,1	♀ 61,7	♂ 58,1	♀ 56,7	♀ 60,2	♂ 61,3	♂ 59,9	♀ 58,5
ED-ML	9,57	9,25	9,37	12,2	13,4	13,6	13,6	9,5	13	9,6	13,8	14,4	13,3	16,5	17,7	14,9	12,9	14,9	15,3	15,4
HtL-Lft AIV	39,8	40,2	—	37,4	—	—	—	39,9	—	38,1	—	—	43,4	—	45,2	—	—	34,8	33,6	—
CL-ML	33,2	38,6	37,2	39	47,5	43,8	43,5	35	32,4	31,3	32,2	39,2	38	37,7	46,6	41,6	39,1	36,7	40,2	40,3