Tulipa lehmanniana Mercklin

Tojibaev, Komiljon, Dekhkonov, Davron, Ergashov, Ibrokhimjon, Sun, Hang, Deng, Tao & Yusupov, Ziyoviddin, 2022, The synopsis of the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae) in Uzbekistan, Phytotaxa 573 (2), pp. 163-214 : 176

2.1. Tulipa lehmanniana Mercklin in A.A. von Bunge, Beitr. Fl. Russl.: 337. (1852)

Type:— UZBEKISTAN. A. Lehmann sn., Bunge Rel. Lehm. 337 [lectotype designated by Christenhusz et al. 2013: 316] .

Description:—Bulb ovoid, 2–4 cm thick; tunic prolonged to soil surface, very tough, thickened, coriaceous, fibrous, splitting, almost scale-like, black to tawny, on the inside densely covered with curly woolly hairs; stem (10–) 20–40 cm long, the upper part almost equal or slightly longer than the underground part, the stem and peduncle glabrous; leaves 4, deflexed, scattered, glaucous, curled, glabrous, smooth-margined, do not exceed the flower; lower leaf lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 1.5–2.5 cm broad; upper leaves rather rapidly decreasing in size, usually markedly shorter than lower; flower solitary, initially graceful cyathiform then widely opening; perigone segments yellow, orange or red, 2.5–7.0 cm long, usually with a short slightly pubescent tip; with the dark violet, blackish-violet or brownish basal blotch on the inner face, rarely on both faces, sometimes without blotch; outer segments obovate to oblong rhomboidal; inner segments triangular -lanceolate to triangular -obovate; stamens one third the length of perigone; filaments glabrous, black in red form, yellow in yellow form, half as long as the ovary; anthers yellow, as long as filaments; pollen yellow; ovary green, slightly shorter than stamens, with sessile stigma; capsule 1.0– 1.5 cm in diameter, 2.5–3.0 cm long.

General distribution:—Eastern Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan.

Distribution in Uzbekistan:—I-4 Nuratau district (I-4-b Aktau region; I-4-c Nuratau Relict Mountains), II-3 Kyzylkum district (II-3-a Kyzylkum region; II-3-b Kyzylkum Relict Mountains), II-4 Bukhara district (II-4-b Lower Zeravschan region).

Phenology:—Flowering: March–April; fruiting: May.

Ecology:—Sandy and clayey deserts, relic mountains, piedmonts, up to 500 m a.s.l.

Etymology:—The species has been named in honor of A. Lehmann (1814–1842), the famous Russian botanist, one of the first explorers of Central Asian flora who collected plants for the St. Petersburg Botanical Garden during the expedition to Bukhara in 1840–1842 and discovered many new species. This tulip has been described in 1851 by Russian botanist K.E. von Merklin (1821–1904) on specimens collected by A. Lehmann from the vicinity of Bukhara ( Fig. 5A ).

Specimens examined:— UZBEKISTAN: Nuratau district , Aktau region, Karatau Range, eastern part, north-west slopes, 20 May 1936, Kharchenko 1121 ( TASH!) ; Bakachinak Valley , 5 May1955, Momotov, Li 117 ( TASH!) ; west spurs of Karatau , piedmonts, 380 m, 22 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batoshov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kokchatau Relic Mountains , west part of Kokchatau, 330 m, 22 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batoshov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Nuratau Relic Mountains , piedmonts of Pistalitau, 7 April 1911, Dimo, Sprygin, Shulga 335 ( TASH!) ; southern spurs of Pistalitau , 300 m, 18 March 2013, K. Tojibaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kyzylkum district , Kyzylkum region, Karakalpak Kyzylkum, surroundings of Tamdy, 20April 1934, Muravlyansky 271 ( TASH!) ; Karakalpak Kyzylkum , Tamdy, 10April 1934, Muravlyansky 117 ( TASH!) ; Karakalpak Kyzylkum , Amantay-tau, 23 April 1934, Muravlyansky 328 ( TASH!) ; to the west from Pistalitau , on fixed sands, 9 August 1934, Botschantzev s.n. ( TASH!) ; south-east Kyzylkum , between Uzunkuduk and Mashi wells, 23 April 1936, Klimovskaya 105 ( TASH!) ; south-east part of Kyzyzlkum , surroundings of Karag-ata well, 20 April 1937, Botschantzev 50 ( TASH!) ; northern part of Agitma depression, between Buri-bulak and Bashagitma wells, 11 April 1938, Granitov, Evstafiev s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Ayakagitma station , 8 May 1938, Pugasova s.n. ( TASH!) ; Ayakagitma station , 2 km to north, on the way to Karatag, 9 April 1938, Pugasova 174, 183 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Ayakagitma well, 16 April 1937, Botschantzev 5 ( TASH!) ; betwenn lake Shorkul and Ayakagitma well, 13April 1937, Botschantzev 2 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Chingeldi well, 27April 1937, Botschantzev 139 ( TASH!) ; Tamdy state farm, 12 km to north-west from the well Kur-kuduk, 11 May 1939, Popova 30 ( TASH!) ; Nurata state farm, Mumincha well, 17 April 1943, Dzhanaeva 56 ( TASH!) ; 30 km to north from Ayakagitma well, 24 May 1948, Rodin, Arkadiev 51 ( LE) ; 50 km to the north from Kyzylcha , on hilly sands, 14 April 1951, Novikova s.n. ( TASH!) ; 35 km to the north-east from Kyzylcha , on hilly sands, 24 April 1953, Zaprometova; southern Kyzylkum, 35 km to the north from Kyzylcha, on fixed sands, 9 April 1958, Galkina s.n. ( TASH!) ; 16 km to the north from Kyzylcha , on fixed sands, 11 April 1952, Zaprometova s.n. ( TASH!) ; southern Kyzylkum , 8 km to north-east from Saidon village, 30 April 1955, Momotov, Li 81 ( TASH!) ; southern part of Kyzyzlkum , 13 km to north from the Ayaznek well, on sands, 22 May 1956, Li 226 ( TASH!) ; southern part of Kyzyzlkum , 3 km to north-west from the Zagretdin well, 6 May 1956, Li; southern part of Kyzyzlkum, surroundings of Uch-tepa well, 31 March 1957, Momotov, Li 16 ( TASH!) ; 10 km to south-east from Dzhangeldy , 5 April 1957, Momotov, Li 47 ( TASH!) ; Agitma Depression , surroundings of Turkmenkuduk well, 5 May 1957, Adylov 153, 166 ( TASH!) ; Kanimekhchul , between Kokcha and Bashagitma, 30 March 1958, Adylov, Shorakhimov 682 ( TASH!) ; Kanimekhchul , surroundings of Ayakagitma, 31 March 1958, Adylov, Shoraimov 684 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Kokcha well, 28 March 1958, Adylov, Shorakhimov 671 ( TASH!) ; Kanimekhchul , between Kokcha and Aznek wells, 22 April 1964, Adylov, Shoraimov 2351 ( TASH!) ; between Kanimekh and Kokcha, surroundings of Yangi well, 22 April 1965, Adylov, Shoraimov 2476 ( TASH!) ; south-west Kyzylkum , lake Shorkul, 29 March 1958, Shermatov 85, 87, 165 ( TASH!) ; south-west Kyzylkum , 2 km to north-north-west from the lake Shorkul, 18 April 1958, Shermatov s.n. ( TASH!) ; south-west Kyzylkum , surroundings of Buri-bulak, 29 March 1963, Pjataeva 443 ( TASH!) ; Tamdy state farm, 3 km to south-west from Chegara well, 16 April 1975, Dzhavliev, Vakhidov, Li s.n. ( TASH!) ; Tamdy district , Dustlik state farm, 3 km to north from Sautbay well, 18 April 1976, Khakimov, Buranov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Central Kyzylkum , surroundings of Turtkuduk, 7 April 2007, Tojibaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; south-east Kyzylkum , near southern bank of lake Tuzkan, 242 m, 26 March 2019, N. Beshko s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kyzylkum Relict Mountains , between Tashkent and Karakaty, Manamdzhan, on sands, 11 April 1873, Korolkow, Krauze s.n. ( LE) ; mountains Aktau in surroundings of the well Tyumenbay, 18–20 April 1913, Bukinich s.n. ( LE) ; Karakalpak Kyzylkum , piedmonts near Karatau, in sand steppe, 23 May 1932, Russanov 200 ( LE) ; Bashagitma remnant mountains, 10 May 1936, Tolbina 580 ( TASH!) ; 2 km to north-west from Ayak-guzhumdy village , Kuldjuktau mountains, 9 May 1956, Momotov 710, 776 ( TASH!) ; Auminzatau , 2 km to north-west from Auminza well, 15 May 1956, Momotov 893 ( TASH!) ; Kyngyrtau remnant mountains, gravelly slopes, 8 May 1956, Li 115 ( TASH!) ; south part of Kyzyzlkum , remnant mountains, 8 May 1956, Li 121 ( TASH!) ; Tamdy district , 10 km to west from Chorikti well, 29 May 1956, Momotov 1101 ( TASH!) ; Bukhara region , between villages Oguz and Dzheryk, 18 April 1978, Pimenov, Klyukov, Vasileva, Melibaev 44 ( MW) ; Tamdytau , Aktau mountains, 19 April 1978, Pimenov, Klyukov, Vasileva, Melibaev 78 ( MW) ; piedmont plains of Kuldjuktau , 17 km to north-east from Ayakguzhumdi well, 20 June 1964, Botschantzev, Takhtajan, 37 ( LE) ; south slopes of Kuldjuktau , surroundings of field station of the Institute of Botany, 476 m, 20 March 2013, Tojibaev, Shomurodov, Beshko, Batoshov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Bukhara district , lower Zeravshan region, surroundings of Kuyu-Mazar railway station, 31 March 1916, Androssov 1714 ( LE) ; railway junction between stations Karmana and Malik, 15 April 1931, Botschantzev s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Shafirkan , gypsum deserts, 7 April 1975, Faysiev 5, 20 ( TASH!) .

Figures

FIGURE 5. Species of Tulipa sect. Kolpakowskianae: A. T. lehmanniana, B. T. korolkowii, C. T. ferganica. Scale bars, 1 cm.