Lecanorchis nigricans Honda var. patipetala Y.Sawa emend. Suetsugu & Fukunaga

Suetsugu, Kenji, Shimaoka, Chie, Fukunaga, Hirokazu & Sawa, Shinichiro, 2018, The taxonomic identity of three varieties of Lecanorchis nigricans (Vanilleae, Vanilloideae, Orchidaceae) in Japan, PhytoKeys 92, pp. 17-35 : 23-27

Lecanorchis nigricans Honda var. patipetala Y.Sawa emend. Suetsugu & Fukunaga Figs 4 , 5

Type.

JAPAN, Kochi Pref., Kochi City, Ikku , 5 Aug.1979, Y. Sawa O-101 (lectotype designated here, MBK-0022411)

Synonym.

Lecanorchis nigricans auct. non Honda (1931: 470): Hashimoto (1990:27), Hashimoto et al. (1991: 119), Nakajima and Ohba (2012: 141), Yokota et al. (2016: 248), syn. nov.

Emended description.

Terrestrial, mycoheterotrophic herb. Inflorescence 10-25(-30) cm tall, solitary or branched at lower-half, purplish-white at flowering, black at fruiting, glabrous, ca. 0.8-1.5 mm in diam., with scale-like sheaths. Rhizome erect, J-shaped or complex, ligneous. Roots simple, radiate numerous, horizontally or down ward elongate to 20-30 cm long, yellowish brown. Rachis 2-8 cm, 3-15 flowered, internode length of upper-half of rachis, 1-6(-10) mm. Floral bracts triangular, acute, 0.8-3.0 mm long. Pedicellate ovary ascending, 15-30 mm long. Flowers widely opening, ca. 2.5 cm in diameter. Sepals purplish white, linear, oblong-oblanceolate, ca. 12 -17 mm long, 2.7-3.4 mm wide, apex obtuse. Petals purplish white, linear, oblong-oblanceolate, 13-17 mm long, 2.6-3.4 mm wide, apex obtuse. Lip shallowly spatulate, strongly 13-15 mm long, 4.0-4.5 mm wide in natural situation, ca. 6.0-7.0 mm wide when flattened, disc with rather scarce, long multicellular hairs which are rarely branched, near apex. Column 10-13 mm long, 1.2-2.8 mm wide slightly recurved, fused with lip about 1/2 its length, ventrally glabrous or slightly puberulent; anther white, ca. 1.5 mm wide. Capsule 15-30 mm long, black, cylindrical-fusiform, ascending at 70-90 degree angle from the axis. Flowering in mid-July to mid-September.

Note.

When describing L. nigricans var. patipetala , Sawa (1980) cited the specimens that he had collected from Ikku (Kochi Prefecture) on 5 August 1978. However, even though Sawa reported that the holotype specimen had been deposited in MBK and that the isotype specimens had been deposited in KYO and KOCH, no specimens fitting Sawa’s description could be located, despite intensive surveys of MBK, KYO and KOCH. The only putative original specimen that was found was a specimen in MBK that was collected by Sawa from Ikku (Kochi Prefecture) on 5 August 1979. This specimen has already been treated as an isotype by the MBK curator. The status of the specimen is somewhat controversial since both the collection date (5 August 1979 vs. 5 August 1978) and collection number (O-101 vs. O-135) differ from those of the L. nigricans var. patipetala protologue. However, the MBK specimen should still be recognised as an L. nigricans var. patipetala isotype, because the collection dates are similar enough that the difference could be regarded as a typing error. Actually, Hashimoto (1990), who investigated the L. nigricans var. patipetala holotype when the specimen was still preserved in MBK, cited the collection date as 5 August 1979 and collection number O-101. Actually, the collection number O-101 was cited as a collection number for the Gastrodia pubilabiata holotype in the paper by Sawa (1980) that described both L. nigricans var. patipetala and G. pubilabiata . It is highly possible that the collection number for L. nigricans var. patipetala and G. pubilabiata was somehow reversed in the protologue. Therefore, in order to stabilise the taxonomic status of L. nigricans var. patipetala , the MBK isotype was designated as the lectotype, according to Articles 9.11 and 9.12 of the ICN (McNeill et al. 2012).

Additional specimens examined.

JAPAN. Nagasaki Pref.: Fukuejima Island, Goto City, Kishiku Town, 24 July 2017, Ueda Kouichi s.n. (OSA, in spirit collection), Fukuejima Island, Goto City, Tomie Town, 21 July 2017 Ueda Kouichi s.n. (OSA, in spirit collection), JAPAN. Kochi Pref.: Kochi City, Engyouji, 4 Aug. 1979, Yutaka Sawa O-95 (MBK), Kochi City, Ikku, 31 July 1978, Yutaka Sawa O-83 (MBK), Kochi City, Ikku, 13 Aug. 1980, Yutaka Sawa O-105 (MBK), Kochi City, Ikku, 5 Aug. 1980, Yutaka Sawa O-103 (MBK), Kochi City, Haruno, 26 July 2015, Hirokazu Fukunaga s.n. (OSA, in spirit collection), Kochi City, Engyozi, 4 Aug. 1979, Yutaka Sawa O-91 (TI), Kochi City, Engyozi, 31 July 1979, Yutaka Sawa O-89 (TI), Kochi City, Engyozi, 31 July 1979, Yutaka Sawa O-90 (TI), Kochi City, Ikku, 13 July 1980, Shinichiro Sawa O-106 (TI), Kochi City, Ikku, 2 July 1983, Yutaka Sawa 671 (TI), Kochi City, Ikku, 2 July 1983, Yutaka Sawa 944 (TI), Kochi City, Ikku, 28 July 2007, Hirokazu Fukunaga s.n. (OSA, in spirit collection), Kochi City, Engyouji, 31 July 1979, Yutaka Sawa s.n. (MBK, in spirit collection), Kochi City, Engyouji, 4 Aug. 1979, Yutaka Sawa s.n. (MBK), Kochi City, Ikku, 5 Aug. 1978, Yutaka Sawa O-102 (MBK), JAPAN. Mie Pref.: Ise City, Mt. Kamiji, 30 Oct. 1982, Hiroshi Hara s.n. (TI), Ise City, Mt. Kamiji, 23 July, Chizuru Chuma s.n. (TI), JAPAN. Aichi Pref.: Toyohashi City, Ooiwa Town, 11 Aug. 2000, Yutaka Yoshida s.n. (MBK, in spirit collection), JAPAN. Shizuoka Pref.: Inasa County, Hosoe Town, 31 Aug. 1981. Yutaka Sawa O-387 (MBK, in spirit collection), Inasa County, Hosoe Town, 31 Aug. 1981. Yutaka Sawa O-388 (MBK), Inasa County, Hosoe Town, along Hamanako, 9 Aug. 1981. Isamu Yamashita 387 (MBK), Osuka Town, Kawaramachi, 15 Aug. 1982. Takao Sugino 812 (MBK), Toyooka Village, Dairakuji, 13 Aug. 1982. Takao Sugino 819 (MBK), Mori Town, Daimon, 13 Aug. 1982. Takao Sugino 818 (MBK), Shimoda City, Mt. Nesugata, ca. 170 m alt, 12 Aug. 1989, J. Kanda & Y. Hanei s.n. (TNS), Iwata County, Toyooka Village, Dairakuji, 30 July 1982, Yoshifusa Kurosawa 58 (TSN), Iwata County, Toyooka Village, Dairakuji, 8 Aug. 1978, Yoshifusa Kurosawa s.n. (TSN), Hamamatsu City, Takizawa Town, Higashiyama, 9 Aug. 1981, Isamu Yamashita 377 (MBK), Atami City, Momoyama Town, 1 Sept. 1975, Sunao Kikuchi s.n. (KYO), Iwata City, Shikiji, 22 1979, T. Tuyama s.n. (TI, KYO), JAPAN. Kanagawa Pref.: Yokosuka City, Saburo Takahashi s.n., 27 July 1989 (KPM), Tsukui County, Shiroyama Town, Ohdo, F. Yamazaki s.n., 30 Aug. 1992 (TI), JAPAN. Tokyo Metropolis: Hachioji City, Tsuneo Asama s.n., date unknown, July 1981 (KPM), Hachioji City, Hirokazu Fukunaga & Gen Gomi s.n., 23 Aug. 2008 (MBK, in spirit collection), JAPAN. Chiba Pref.: Kimitsu City, Toyofusa Island, Shigeki Fukushima s.n., 13 Aug. 2016 (OSA, in spirit collection), JAPAN. Chiba Pref., Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 August 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH015366 (TSN), JAPAN. Chiba Pref., Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH015367 (TSN), JAPAN. Chiba Pref., Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH015368 (TSN), Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH015369 (TSN), Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH015370 (TSN), Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH015371 (TSN), Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH015372 (TSN), Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH038908 (TSN), Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH038909 (TSN), Abo County, Maruyama Town, 17 Aug. 1989, Joju Haginiwa JH040541 (TSN), JAPAN. Ibaraki Pref.: Hitachi City, Okubo Town, near Umegaoka Hospital, ca. 170 m alt, 25 Aug, 25. 1990, T. Hashimoto s.n. (TNS), Tsukuba City, Mt. Tsukuba, 7 Aug. 2007, S. Matsumoto 070807-9 (TSN).

Figures

Figure 4. Dissected flowers of Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala collected in Haruno, Kochi, Japan on 26 July 2015 (OSA). A Flower and pedicellate ovary B Dissected flower C-D Lip and column E Column F Hairs at anterior disc of lip G Glabrous status at the ventral side of the column. Scale bars: A-E 5 mm F-G 0.5 mm. Photographed by Takuto Shitara.

Figure 5. Lecanorchis nigricans var. patipetala collected in type locality on 28 July 2008 (OSA). A Flower and pedicellate ovary B Column C Lip and column D Dorsal sepal E Lateral petal F Lateral sepal G Flattened lip H Anther cap. Scale bars: A-G 3 mm H 1 mm. Line drawings by Kumi Hamasaki.