Erebia, Dalman, 1816

Vitali, Francesco & Schmitt, Thomas, 2017, Ecological patterns strongly impact the biogeography of western Palaearctic longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycoidea), Organisms Diversity & Evolution (New York, N. Y.) 17 (1), pp. 163-180 : 172-174

Erebia ). Such species in most cases survived glacial conditions in close vicinity to these mountain ranges and thus have been completely independent from Mediterranean refugia ( Varga and Schmitt 2008; Schmitt 2009).

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In other slowly expanding species groups, such as amphibians and small mammals, cryptic extra-Mediterranean refugia north of the Mediterranean refugia are responsible for otherwise not explainable northern species richness ( Schmitt and Varga 2012). Such more northern refugia, although of high relevance for many more cold-tolerant species ( Stewart and Lister 2001; Stewart et al. 2010; Schmitt and Varga 2012), apparently are of minor or even no importance for longhorn beetles. Thus, extra-Mediterranean survival cannot remarkably enrich the central European fauna of these beetles and also cannot compensate for the reduction in species numbers resulting from the low mobility of many species out of the Mediterranean refugia.