Dysdera mikhailovi, Fomichev & Marusik, 2021

Fomichev, Alexander A. & Marusik, Yuri M., 2021, Notes on the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae: Dysderidae) in Central Asia, Zootaxa 5006 (1), pp. 73-89 : 85-87

Dysdera mikhailovi sp. nov.

Figs 5–6 , 19–24 , 27 , 44–46 , 47–49 , 54–55 , 58–60 .

Types. TAJIKISTAN, Districts of Republican Subordination: holotype ♂ ( ZMMU) and paratypes 2♀ ( ZMMU), nr. Dushanbe, Hissar Mt. Range, 48th km of Varzob Rd. , 38°55.531’N 68°48.292’E, southern slope with Juglans litter and under stones, 1530 m, 7.05.2015, Yu. M. Marusik, M. Saidov .

Etymology. The new species is dedicated to our friend and colleague, Dr Kirill G. Mikhailov (Moscow, Rus- sia), on the occasion of his 60th birthday. Kirill has made a great contribution to the taxonomy and the catalouging of spiders of the former Soviet Union, and an unprecedented contribution to biological sciences by establishing the publishing house ‘KMK Scientific Press’ (in 1992) which produces a set of academic biological/taxonomic journals and numerous books.

Diagnosis. The new species is similar to D. brignolii , D. kugitangica and D. nenilini in having the strongly prominent semi-oval median crest (Cm) and similar proportions of the bulb: viz., the psembolus 1.2–1.6 times lon- ger than tegulum (Te). The male of D. mikhailovi sp. nov. can be separated from that of D. brignolii by the psembolus stem (Se) being two times thinner than the tegulum (equal in D. brignolii ) and the median crest length/height ratio 3.3 (2.3 in D. brignolii ). The male of the new species can be distinguished from that of D. kugitangica by the rounded proximal part of the median crest and the retrolateral crest (Cr) divided into two lobes (solid in D. kugitangica ). From D. nenilini the male can be distinguished by the rounded distal part of the median crest (pointed in D. nenilini ) and the curved bulb, forming an angle of 130° between the tegulum and the psembolus (tegulum and psem- bolus stretched out in almost a straight line in D. nenilini ). The female of D. mikhailovi sp. nov. can be separated from that of D. kugitangica by the absence of the spermatheca stalk; from that of D. nenilini it differs in having the rectangular rather than triangular spermatheca (St). The female of D. brignolii is yet unknown.

Description. Male. Total length 5.7. Carapace: 2.85 long, 2.05 wide. Abdomen: 2.95 long, 1.55 wide. AME 0.14, PME 0.11, PLE 0.11. General appearance as in Figs 5 , 19–21 . Carapace pale-red. Sternum, labium and chelicerae orange. Maxillae and palps yellow-orange. Legs: I and II yellow-orange, III and IV yellow. Abdomen and spinnerets beige. Leg measurements: I: 2.3, 1.4, 1.95, 1.9, 0.5 (8.05). II: 2.05, 1.3, 1.75, 1.8, 0.5 (7.4). III: 1.65, 0.95, 1.15, 1.55, 0.8 (6.1). IV: 2.1, 1.1, 1.65, 1.95, 0.5 (7.3). Leg spination: I: Fe p2. II: Fe p1. III: Fe d1 p1; Ti p4 r2 v6; Mt p6 r2 v2. IV: Fe d5; Ti p3 r2 v3; Mt p4 r2 v5. Bulb as in Figs 27 , 44–46 , 47–49 . Length/width ratio 2.8. Posterior apophysis (Ap) leaf-shaped in lateral view. Psembolus with a prominent semi-oval median crest, fusiform prolateral crest (Cp) and oblong retrolateral crest which is divided into two lobes. Psembolus apex (Ax) abrupt.

Female. Total length 11.0. Carapace: 4.7 long, 3.4 wide. Abdomen: 6.3 long, 3.45 wide. AME 0.21, PME 0.16, PLE 0.19. General appearance as in Figs 6 , 22–24 . Carapace and chelicerae red. Sternum, labium and maxillae orange. Palps yellow-orange. Legs: I and II yellow-orange, III and IV yellow. Abdomen and spinnerets beige. Leg measurements: 3.75, 2.35, 3.25, 3.0, 0.65 (13.0). II: 3.55, 2.2, 3.05, 2.95, 0.65 (12.4). III: 2.9, 1.65, 2.0, 2.65, 0.6 (9.8). IV: 3.75, 2.0, 3.0, 3.6, 0.7 (13.05). Leg spination: III: Ti p4 r2 v3; Mt p6 r2 v3. IV: Fe d2; Ti p4 r2 v6; Mt p5 r3 v5. Endogyne as in Figs 54–55 . Spermatheca rectangular, 3.4 times as wide as long. Dorsal arch of the diverticulum (Dd) low partially overlaps by spermatheca. Transverse bar of posterior diverticulum (Tb) pentagonal, 1.3 times wider than spermatheca. Posterior diverticulum (Pd) with two peaks.

Size variations. Females vary from 10.8 to 11.0 in body length, carapace 4.6–4.7 long, 3.35–3.45 wide (n=2).

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Figs 58–59 ).

Comments. Due to big differences in body sizes, there are doubts whether the holotype male is correctly matched with the paratype females. The carapace length in the female is 1.5 times longer than that in the male. Nonetheless, they were collected together and therefore were provisionally accepted as belonging to the same spe- cies.

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Dorsal habitus of Dysdera subcylindrica (1–2), D. dushengi (3–4) and D. mikhailovi sp. nov. (5–6). 1, 3, 5—male; 2, 4, 6—female. Scale bars=2 mm.

FIGURES 19–24. Prosoma of Dysdera mikhailovi sp. nov. male (19–21) and female (22–24). 19, 22—dorsal; 20, 23—lateral; 21, 24—ventral. Scale bars=1 mm.

FIGURES 25–30. Male palp (25–27) and bulb (28–30) of Dysdera subcylindrica (25, 28–30), D. dushengi (26) and D. mikhailovi sp. nov. (27). 25–28—prolateral; 29—anterior; 30—retrolateral. Scale bars: 25–27=0.5 mm, 28–30=0.2 mm. Ab- breviations: Ap–posterior apophysis, Ax–apex, C–crest, Se–stem of the psembolus, Sp–spine, Te–tegulum.

FIGURES 41–46. Psembolus of Dysdera dushengi (41–43) and bulb of D. mikhailovi sp. nov. (44–46). 41, 44—prolateral; 42, 45—anterior; 43, 46—retrolateral. Scale bars: 41–43=0.15 mm, 44–46=0.2 mm. Abbreviations: Ap–posterior apophysis, Ax–apex, Cm–median crest, Cp–prolateral crest, Cr–retrolateral crest, Se–stem of the psembolus, Te–tegulum.

FIGURES 47–49. Psembolus of Dysdera mikhailovi sp. nov. 47—prolateral; 48—anterior; 49—retrolateral. Scale bars=0.15 mm. Abbreviations: Ap–posterior apophysis, Ax–apex, Cm–median crest, Cp–prolateral crest, Cr–retrolateral crest.

FIGURES 50–57. Endogyne of D. subcylindrica (50–51), D. dushengi (52–53), D. mikhailovi sp. nov. (54–55) and D. arnoldii (56–57). 50, 52, 54, 56—dorsal; 51, 53, 55, 57—ventral. Scale bars=0.2 mm.Abbreviations: Dd–dorsal arch of the diverticulum, La–lateral arm of the spermatheca, Pd–posterior diverticulum, Sk–stalk of the spermatheca, St–spermateca, Tb–transverse bar of the posterior diverticulum.

FIGURES 58–60. Collecting localities of the studied Dysdera species (58–59) and published records of other Central Asian Dysdera species, except for D. crocata (60). Triangle—Dysdera arnoldii, diamond—D. mikhailovi sp. nov., circle—D. dushengi, square—D. subcylindrica. Black symbols refer to the studied material, white symbols refer to literature-derived data. Some symbols could refer to more than one closely situated localities. The frame of Fig. 59 refers to the content of Fig. 58. The numbers in Fig. 60 refer to the following species: 1—D. aculeata; 2—D. arnoldii; 3—D. brignolii; 4—D. dushengi; 5—D. fedtschenkoi Dunin, 1992; 6—D. ferghanica Dunin, 1985; 7—D. kronebergi Dunin, 1992; 8—D. kugitangica; 9—D. kusnetsovi; 10—D. limitanea; 11—D. nenilini; 12—D. pamirica, 13—D. pococki; 14—D. subcylindrica; 15—D. tartarica; 16—D. tystshenkoi Dunin, 1989; 17—D. zarudnyi; 18—D. zonsteini Dimitrov, 2021; 19—D. mikhailovi sp. nov.