Cyclocosmia latusicosta Zhu, Zhang & Zhang, 2006

Xu, Xin, Xu, Chen, Li, Fan, Pham, Dinh Sac & Li, Daiqin, 2017, Trapdoor spiders of the genus Cyclocosmia Ausserer, 1871 from China and Vietnam (Araneae, Ctenizidae), ZooKeys 643, pp. 75-85 : 79-81

Cyclocosmia latusicosta Zhu, Zhang & Zhang, 2006 Fig. 2

Cyclocosmia latusicosta Zhu, Zhang & Zhang, 2006: 121, f. 4, 5 A–D, 6 A–J (described female of Zhu, Zhang & Zhang, 2006 was not examined); Zhang, Gao & Li, 2007: 385, f. 1-100.

Material examined.

Female (17-1-2013), Tam Dao Town, Tam Dao National Park, Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam, 21.45847°N, 105.64834°E, 17 January 2013, collected by D. Li, F.X. Liu and X. Xu; Female (XUC-2016-017), Cuc Phuong National Park, Nho Quan, Ninh Binh Province, Vietnam, 20.34915°N, 105.59927°E, 31 May 2016, D. Li, F. Li and F.X. Liu; 3 females and 1 juveniles (LH-2016-(002-005)), rubber plantation, Hekou City, Yunnan, 22.537°N, 103.942°E, 15 September 2016, F. Li, F.X. Liu and L. Yu.

Diagnosis.

Females of Cyclocosmia latusicosta are different from other Cyclocosmia species by their abdominal disc with 22-27 wide ribs on each side, each upper muscle impression with an elevated zone connected to the outer rim of each upper muscle impression, and the length of spermathecae being more or less 1.7-2.0 times longer than width.

Description.

Female. Total length, including chelicerae, 17.10-30.20; chelicerae 2.60-4.90 long; carapace 7.50-14.50 long, 6.71-12.50 wide; abdomen 9.30-11.60 long, 12.20-18.50 wide. Carapace red-brown and smooth, with a few marginal hairs and a long bristle in front of ocular area, six long bent bristles in longitudinal row and two bristles in latitudinal running through ocular area (Fig. 2A). Ocular area black, with a black band in front of fovea and beside ocular area respectively. Cervical groove and radial furrows distinct. Fovea deep and procurved, U-shaped, its greatest width occupying one fifth of carapace width at that point. Eyes set on low tubercle, ocular 0.90 long, 2.00 wide anteriorly, 2.00 wide posteriorly, occupying one fourth of carapace width at that point. Clypeus height 2.40. Both anterior and posterior eye rows straight and almost equal in length. Ratio of eyes, ALE: AME: PLE: PME (0.38: 0.25: 0.20: 0.20). ALE-AME 0.28, AME-AME 0.28, PLE-PME 0.02, PME-PME 0.80. MOA 0.80 long, 0.78 wide in front, 1.20 wide at back. Chelicerae red-brown, inner margin with six teeth and one denticle, outer margin with seven teeth and four denticles. Rastellum raised on prominent angled projection and consisting of many short black teeth. Labium yellow-brown, 1.40 long, 1.40 wide, with three black cuspules anteriorly. Maxilla yellow-brown, 15.90 long, 1.20 wide, with a few black cuspules at base.

Legs yellow-brown. Tibiae and tarsi of pedipalps, and distal three segments of legs I and II with numerous horn-like spines, metatarsus III with a few short dorsal and ventrally spines, tarsus III with a few dark spines prolaterally and ventrally. Legs each with 3 tarsal claws, paired claws with a single large tooth, unpaired claw lacking tooth. Palp with a single claw bearing one tooth. Measurements: palp 12.10 (4.20 + 1.80 + 3.10 + 3.00), leg I 14.00 (5.00 + 2.00 + 3.00 + 2.00 + 2.00), leg II 11.20 (4.10 + 2.00 + 2.00 + 1.50 + 1.60), leg III 11.00 (4.10 + 1.00 + 2.20 + 1.70 + 2.00), leg IV 15.20 (5.00 + 3.00 + 2.50 + 2.50 + 2.20). Formula: 4123.

Abdomen funnel-shaped and dark yellow-brown (Fig. 2A). Caudal disc slightly convex, 11.00 in transversal diameter and 10.20 in longitudinal diameter, with two rids running dorso-ventrally (with small interrupt at the groove outer the upper pair muscle impressions) and 24/25 (17-1-2013), 23/25 (XUC-2016-017), 24/23 (LH-2016-002), 28/26 (LH-2016-003), 23/24 (LH-2016-004), 22/23 (LH-2016-005) radiating ribs on each side (Fig. 2D-I). Abdominal disc with six well-marked muscle impressions. All rims within the muscle impression zone with distinct granular structures in different sizes (Fig. 2D-I). Four spinnerets, with inner pair small and one-segmented, and outer pair longer and three-segmented. Paired spermathecae sack-like, parallel-sided, each one with a length 1.7-2.0 times its width (Fig. 2J-N), length = 0.86 mm, width = 0.43 mm (17-1-2013), length = 0.94 mm, width = 0.39 mm (XUC-2016-017), length = 1.42 mm, width = 0.83 mm (LH-2016-003), length = 0.73 mm, width = 0.40 mm (LH-2016-004), length = 1.67 mm, width = 0.83 mm (LH-2016-005).

Distribution.

China (Guangxi, Yunnan), Vietnam (Vinh Phuc, Ninh Binh).

Remark.

Cyclocosmia latusicosta was diagnosed based on the holotype female collected from Guangxi Province, China, near the border to Vietnam. This study provides a new record from China (Yunnan) and Vietnam. We preliminarily treated the differences in the spermathecae among five specimens (17-1-2013, XUC-2016-017, LH-2016-003/004/005) as the intraspecific variation according to the work of Zhang et al. (2007). Males remain unknown.