Heterarthrus nemoratus ( Fallen , 1808)

Liston, Andrew, Mutanen, Marko & Viitasaari, Matti, 2019, On the taxonomy of Heterarthrus (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), with a review of the West Palaearctic species, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 72, pp. 83-126 : 102-103

Heterarthrus nemoratus ( Fallen, 1808)

Hylotoma nemorata Fallén, 1808: 47. Syntypes ♀, possibly in MZLU. Type locality: Vestergöthland [Sweden, Västergötland].

Heterarthrus nemoratus . Taeger et al. (2010: 373): complete synonymy listed.

Material examined.

Estonia: 1♀, Vasavere 1.5km E, 04.06.2015, leg. Liston, Prous & Taeger (SDEI) .

Finland: 1♀, Liminka 2 km NE, 31.05.2018, leg. Liston & Prous (SDEI) .

Germany: Berlin: 1♀, Treptow, 31.05.1906 (ZMHUB) . Brandenburg: 1♀, Müncheberg, Gumnitz, 20.05.2011, leg. Liston (SDEI) .

Sweden: Dalarna: 1♀ (DEI-GISHym83888), Mora 17km SW, 13.06.2013, leg. Liston, Prous & Taeger (SDEI) .

Remarks.

The type locality of Hylotoma nemorata is not mentioned explicitly by Fallén (1808) on page 47, but the opening sentences of his paper (page 39) state that material collected during a journey to Vestergötland [sic!] comprised the basis of his publication.

Host plants and biology.

Betula species. In semi-natural habitats in Europe recorded on Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth ( Pschorn-Walcher and Altenhofer 2000). Many additional species of Betula are hosts in European amenity plantings and botanic gardens ( Pieronek and Soltyk 1993), and within the non-native range of H. nemoratus in North America ( Digweed et al. 2009). Oviposition into leaf edge. Cocoon remains in leaf. Entirely parthenogenetic: male unknown. Adults appear late, and larvae develop rather slowly; univoltine ( Drouin and Wong 1984).

Distribution.

Widespread in northern and central Europe, including the British Isles, but absent in the Iberian Peninsula ( Taeger et al. 2006); Armenia, West and East Siberia ( Sundukov 2017); introduced to North America where it is present across Canada and adjacent parts of the USA ( Digweed et al. 2009).