Rhinolophus adami, Aellen & Brosset, 1968

Burgin, Connor, 2019, Rhinolophidae, Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, pp. 280-332 : 281

1 . Adam’s Horseshoe Bat

Rhinolophus adami

French: Rhinolophe du Congo I German: Adam-Hufeisennase / Spanish: Herradura del Congo

Other common names: Congo Horseshoe Bat

Taxonomy. Rhinolophus adami Aellen & Brosset, 1968 ,

“ Grotte [= cave] de Kimanika, Kouilou , République du Congo [= Republic of the Congo]

Rhinolophus adami is in the odami species group along with R maendeleo based on morphology, but its phylogenetic relation­ ships are unknown. Monotypic.

Distribution. Kimanika Cave, Kouilou, S Republic of the Congo.

Descriptive notes. Tail 25—28 mm, ear 25-26 mm, hindfoot 9 mm, forearm 46-50 mm. Pelage is light to dark brown on back and head and gray brown on belly (one individual was whitish on lower abdomen). Noseleaf is large and almost covers muzzle (breadth 8- 5—9 mm); posterior part is subtriangular, with erect tip; horseshoe has well-defined notch on anterior border; sella is large and broad, with rounded tip that is narrower at tip and constricted in middle; connecting process forms more or less continuous arch; lancet is long, with convex or nearly convex oudine and rounded tip; and lower lip has three grooves. Tail is very long, ears are comparatively large (51-53% of forearm length), and wings and uropatagium are dark brown. Baculum has short basal cone, with shallow dorsal and ventral invagination; thick shaft becomes dorso-ventrally flattened distally; and tip is not expanded. Skull is narrow; mastoid width is much larger than zygomatic breadth; anterior median swellings are well developed; sagittal crest is weak; frontal depression is long and relatively deep; palatal bridge is long; infraorbital foramen is covered by bony bar; C1 is relatively developed; P2 is small; and P3 is slighdy displaced labially.

Habitat. Only collected in roost caves. The Kouilou area, where roost caves of Adam’s Horseshoe Bats occur, is a mosaic of lowland rainforest and secondary grassland with limestone caves, but its habitat preferences are unknown.

Food and Feeding. No information.

Breeding. No information.

Activity patterns. No information.

Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.

Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on IUCN ed List. Adam’s Horseshoe Bat is only known from eleven specimens (four described in original description and seven recognized by D. Kock and colleagues in 2000) collected at the type locality, and it might be naturally rare and threatened by cave disturbance. Virtually nothing is known of its ecology and evolutionary relationships; additional research is needed.

Bibliography. ACR (2018), Adam & Le Pont (1974), Aellen & Brosset (1968), Csorba eta/. (2003), Happold, M. (2013o), Jacobs eta/. (2008a), Kock eta/. (2000).

Figures

On following pages: 4. Lander's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus landeri); 5. Guinean Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus guineensis); 6. Blasius's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus blasii); 7. Peters's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus lobatus); 8. Swinny's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus swinnyi); 9. Cape Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus capensis); 10. Gorongosa Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus gorongosae); 11. Roberts's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus rhodesiae); 12. Bushveld Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus simulato/); 13. Dent's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus denti); 14. Cameroon Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus alticolus); 15. Mehely's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus mehelyi); 16. Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus euryale); 17. Hildebrandt's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii); 18. Mount Mabu Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus mabuensis); 19. Cohen's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus cohenae); 20. Smithers's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus smithersi); 21. Mozambican Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus mossambicus); 22. Rüppell's Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus fumigatus); 23. Eloquent Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus Bloquons).

Distribution. Kimanika Cave, Kouilou, S Republic of the Congo .