Synergus nanlingensis Wang & Zeng, 2023
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.97.119433 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:DE0BABB9-F338-468A-8148-90BD1562E3A6 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/982D4466-0B8A-4F8B-BD6B-938871C8417B |
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taxon LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:act:982D4466-0B8A-4F8B-BD6B-938871C8417B |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Synergus nanlingensis Wang & Zeng, 2023 |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Synergus nanlingensis Wang & Zeng, 2023 sp. nov.
Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2
Holotype.
Female, China, Guangdong Province, Shaoguan City, 24-09-2022, reared from galls collected in 1-9-2022, leg. Y. Zeng, L. Liu and Y. Duan. Paratypes: three females and 13 males, same as holotype, housed in CSUFT (the holotype and two male paratypes were dried and mounted, while the other paratypes were deposited in 99% ethanol in a freezer at -80 °C).
Diagnosis.
Synergus nanlingensis Wang & Zeng, sp. nov., most closely resembles Synergus hupingshanensis (Liu, Yang & Zhu) is part of a group characterized by a completely opened radial cell, tarsal claws with a basal lobe and lateral pronotal carina present. However, it can be differentiated from S. hupingshanensis by the following morphological features: (1) The first flagellomere (F1) of S. nanlingensis is nearly equal in length to the second flagellomere (F2), whereas in S. hupingshanensis , F1 1.3 × as long as F2; (2) the head of S. nanlingensis reddish brown with the frons and the center of the occiput being black, whereas head of S. hupingshanensis entirely orange without such black markings; and (3) scutellar foveae in S. nanlingensis are smooth and shiny at the bottom, whereas in S. hupingshanensis are roughly sculptured.
Description.
Female; body length: 2.6-3.2 mm (N = 10).
Color (Figs 1a View Figure 1 , 2c View Figure 2 ): head reddish brown, except frons, mandible teeth, and center of occiput black; antennae reddish brown. Mesosoma, legs, and metasoma black, with tarsus and distal part of body reddish brown. Wings hyaline with distinct brown veins.
Head (Figs 1e, g View Figure 1 , 2a, c View Figure 2 ): transverse ellipse in front view (the widest of head near middle), 1.2 × as wide as high, slightly broader than mesosoma in the anterior view, 1.2 × wider than long as seen from above; frons slightly elevated from lateral view; lateral frontal carinae inconspicuous or absent, with rugose sculpture between the compound eye and frons; frons surface densely punctate with deep punctures and sparse setae (Fig. 1g View Figure 1 ). Eyes 1.6 × as high as wide; height of eye 1.5 × as high as length of malar space (Fig. 1e View Figure 1 ). Lower face densely setose, radiating from the clypeus toward basal margin of compound eye and antennal toruli. Gena broadened behind eyes, with punctures and white sparse setae. Middle of clypeus slightly impressed; anterior tentorial pit large and distinct; epistomal sulcus and clypeopleurostomal line indistinct; malar sulcus absent. Transfacial distance longer than the height of the compound eye; diameter of torulus shorter than the diameter of toruli and about half the distance between the inner margin of the eye and torulus (Fig. 1e View Figure 1 ). POL: OOL: LOL=2.2:1.8:1; LOL approximately as long as the diameter of the lateral ocellus. Ocelli ovate, all three similar in size (Fig. 1e View Figure 1 ). Occiput smooth; postgena with setae.
Antenna (Fig. 1c View Figure 1 ): 12 flagellomeres, pedicel 1.8 × as long as broad, F1 longer than F2. F1-F12:14:13:13:13:11:10:9:8:8:7:7:10. Placoid sensillae distinct on F5-F12.
Mesosoma (Fig. 2d-f View Figure 2 ): 1.3 × as long as high on the lateral view (Fig. 2d View Figure 2 ), with dense pubescence. Length of the middle part of pronotum is one-third that of the outer lateral margin; pronotum punctate, laterally areolate-rugulose, lateral carina distinct. Mesoscutum 1.4 × as wide as long (measuring along the anterior edge of tegulae), surface areolate-rugose, center with a transverse rugae, covered with densely yellow setae. Notauli percurrent and distinct, somewhat convergent posteriorly; anterior parallel line, parapsidal line, and median mesoscutal line indistinct, barely traceable (Fig. 2e View Figure 2 ). Scutellar foveae elongate ovate, bottom smooth and shiny, deeply impressed, with short sparse white setae, separated by distinct central carina. Mesopleuron hairless, finely striated ventrally and carinate-rugose dorsally. Metapleural sulcus reaches posterior margin of mesopectus in the most upper 1/4 of its height (Fig. 2d View Figure 2 ). Propodeum smooth coriaceous, with short sparse white setae. Lateral propodeal carinae slightly impressed basally and slightly convergent distally (Fig. 2f View Figure 2 ).
Legs: Tarsal claws with a small basal lobe (Fig. 2i View Figure 2 ).
Forewing (Fig. 2b View Figure 2 ): hyaline and densely setose, approximately as long as body length. All veins well pigmented. Radial cell open, about 2.9 × as long as broad; R1 does not reach wing margin; Rs curved toward to posterior distally.
Metasoma (Fig. 2g View Figure 2 ): slightly shorter than the head and mesosoma combined, and 1.2 × as long as high; petiole sulcate; syntergite almost completely covering remaining tergites, surface smooth and mainly glabrous, with few white setae anterolaterally, and a posterodorsal area without setae and micropunctures. Subsequent tergites and hypopygium micropunctate; prominent part of ventral spine of hypopygium small, with few lateral setae.
Male (Figs 1b, d, f, g View Figure 1 , 2h View Figure 2 ): similar to the female, but body length 1.9-2.2 mm (N = 6); head, legs, and distal part of abdomen yellowish brown; frons, mandible teeth, mesosoma, basal part of abdomen, and hind coax black.
Antenna: 13 flagellomeres, pedicel 1.4 times as long as broad. F1-F13: 16:13:14:14:14:13:13:13:12:11:10: 11. Metasoma elongated, shorter than the head and mesosoma combined.
Biology.
Specimens of S. nanlingensis were collected from galls found on branches of Castanopsis eyrei on the summit of Xiaohuang Mountain 1,600 m above sea level. Galls are nearly spherical in shape, range in diameter from 15 to 35 mm, and are hard and strongly lignified (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 ). Galls appear in July and inquilines emerged from late September to October. The gall inducer of the gall which yielded S. nanlingensis is unconfirmed.
Distribution.
Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province, China.
Etymology.
The specific epithet refers to the type locality.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.