Scaphisomatini, Casey, 1893

Leschen, Richard A. B. & Löbl, Ivan, 2005, Phylogeny And Classification Of Scaphisomatini Staphylinidae: Scaphidiinae With Notes On Mycophagy, Termitophily, And Functional Morphology, The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 3) 59, pp. 1-63 : 17

Key to the Genera of Scaphisomatini

Most characters used in the following key have been described fully in Löbl and Leschen (2003 b) and are illustrated in the diagram of the venter shown in Figure 1 . The descriptions of characters listed in Appendix 2 may also be useful and here we mention key characters useful for identification. The profemoral ctenidium is a distinct row of setae along the shaft of the profemora. The fourth segment of the maxillary palpus is either aciculate ( Fig. 4 ) or tapering apically ( Fig. 16 ). A fused mesepimeron actually refers to the absence of the anapleural line (see character 58). The shape of the posterior angles of the pronotum and/or prothorax are variable and are shown in Figure 14 (basal angles acute) and Figure 19 (basal angles rounded). Lines of the elytra are illustrated in Figure 1 , apart from those located along the suture (sutural stria) and at the base along the margin of the pronotum (basal stria), both are shown as present in Figure 34 and absent in Figure 2 . All genera and their distributions are listed in Appendix 1.

1 Profemora without ctenidium - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 17

– Profemora with ctenidium - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2

2(1) Body strongly compressed laterally and strongly convex dorsally ( Figs. 51, 53 ), metacoxae approximate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3

– Body usually not or weakly compressed laterally and not strongly convex dorsally ( Figs. 52, 54 ), metacoxae distant; if body strongly convex, dorsum distinctly pubescent - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5

3(2) Mesepimera fused. Metatarsi much longer than metatibiae - - - - - - - Scaphicoma

– Mesepimera distinct. Metatarsi not much longer than metatibiae - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4

4(3) Antennomere 3 very short, shorter than 4, strongly widened apically. Elytra not microsculptured and lacking sutural striae - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Paratoxidium

– Antennomere 3 elongate, not or weakly widened apically. Elytra usually with sutural striae and microsculptured - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Scaphobaeocera

5(2) Tarsi robust, metatarsomere 1 as thick as base of metatibiae. Head conspicuously wide, interocular distance of frons longer than cross-sectional distance of eye - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Kathetopodion

– Tarsi narrow, metatarsomere 1 narrower than base of metatibiae. Head not particularly wide, interocular distance of frons shorter than cross-sectional distance of eye - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6

6(5) Antennomere 3 usually shorter than 4, asymmetrical triangular, and ventrite 1 with submetacoxal lines or body strongly compressed laterally - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7

– Antennomere 3 elongate and equal to 4, often symmetrical, not triangular, ventrite 1 lacking submetacoxal lines - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 13

7(6) Hypomera strongly impressed, ventral, with inner margins more or less in same plane as outer margins. Epipleura horizontal. Metafemora strongly widened (2 3 longer than wide, Fig. 52 ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8

– Hypomera not or weakly impressed, oblique, with inner margins below plane of outer margins. Epipleura oblique. Metafemora usually not or weakly widened (more than 2 3 longer than wide, Fig. 50 ) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 9

8(7) Elytra with sutural striae and short marginal setae - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Baeoceridium

– Elytra lacking sutural striae, with very long marginal setae - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Termitoscaphium

Figures

Fig. 1. Generalized cartoon of ventral side of Scaphisomatini (after Löbl and Leschen 2003b).

Figs. 2–7. Bertiscapha compacta n. sp. 2) Dorsal and lateral habitus (scale bar ¼ 1 mm); 3) left mandible, ventral view; 4) left maxilla, ventral view; 5) labium, dorsal view; 6) mentum, ventral view; 7) antenna.

Figs. 14–18. Kasibaeocera mussardi. 14) Dorsal and lateral habitus (scale bar ¼ 1 mm); 15) right mandible, ventral view; 16) right maxilla, ventral view; 17) labium, ventral view; 18) mentum, ventral view.

Figs. 19–22. Sphaeroscapha globosa. 19) Dorsal and lateral habitus (scale bar ¼ 1 mm);

Figs. 34–37. Vickibella apicella (after Löbl and Leschen 2003b). 34) Dorsal and lateral habitus (scale bar ¼ 1 mm); 35) left mandible, ventral view; 36) left maxilla, ventral view; 37) labium and mentum, ventral view.

Figs. 49–54. Body shots of Scaphisomatini. 49) Bironium sp. (New Guinea), left lateral view; 50) Vituratella sp. (Tanzania), left lateral view; 51) Scaphicoma sp. (Sulawesi), left lateral view; 52) Baeoceridium sp. (Angola), left lateral view; 53) Scaphicoma sp. (Sulawesi), posterior view; 54) Baeoceridium sp. (Angola), posterior view.