Aclista Förster, 1856

Quadros, Alex Leite & Brandão, Carlos Roberto F., 2017, Genera of Belytinae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) recorded in the Atlantic Dense Ombrophilous Forest from Paraíba to Santa Catarina, Brazil, Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) 57 (6), pp. 57-91 : 61-62

Aclista Förster, 1856

( Figs. 5A , 12A , 15C, 15F , 18 , 19 ,

20A, 20 C-H, 21, 24A)

Total of specimens found: 350 (177 females and 173 males) in 28 morphospecies.

Diagnosis: Most species with 2 and 5 mm in size; sickle-shaped mandibles ( Figs. 12A , 18A ); malar keel present or absent; antenna 14 ( Fig. 21B ) or 15-segmented in females ( Figs. 21A, 21 C-F), 14-segmented in males; scape considerably shorter than head width seen from above; first segment of male flagellum with ( Figs. 20 C-H) or without ( Fig. 20A ) modification. Pronotal shoulder angular (dentiform) ( Fig. 18C ), epomia sharply defined and extending from the pronotal shoulder almost as far as the front coxa; presence ( Figs. 18E , 19A ) or absence ( Figs. 19 B-C) of projection in the metascutellum. Forewing with closed radial cell ( Figs. 5A , 18D ); marginal vein at least twothirds as long as the parastigma ( Figs. 5A , 18D ).

Material examined: BRAZIL: Santa Catarina: São Bento do Sul, CEPA Rugendas , 26°19’25.6”S, 49°18’26.5”W, 13-16.x.2001 (5), 16-19.x.2001 (3), A.M. Penteado-Dias e eq. col., 7 ♀♀ / 1 ♂ ; São Francisco do Sul, CEPA Vila da Glória , 26°13’40.0”S, 48°40’49.1”W, 14-17.x.2001 (8), 17-20.x.2001, A.M. Penteado-Dias e eq. col., 7 ♀♀ / 2 ♂♂ ; Paraná: Morretes, Parque Estadual do Pau Oco , 25°34’27.9”S, 48°58’46.7”W, 08-11.iv.2002, M. T. Tavares e eq. col., 1 ♀ ; São Paulo: Base Barra Grande, Parque Estadual de Intervales , 24°18’14.4”S, 48°21’50.4”W, 13-16. xii.2000 (13), 10-13.xii.2000 (17), 11-14.xii.2000 (4), 14-17.xii.2000 (1), 12.xii.2000 (4), 13.xii.2000 (3), M. T. Tavares e eq. col., 26 ♀♀ / 16 ♂♂ ; Salesópolis, Estação Biológica de Boracéia , 23°39’06.3”S, 45°53’48.9”W, 30.iii-02.iv.2001, S. T. P. Amarante e eq. col., 1 ♂ ; Ubatuba, Parque Estadual Serra do Mar , 23°21’43”S, 44°49’22”W, 21.i.2002 (33), 22.i.2002 (5), 23.i.2002 (1), 24.i.2002 (24), N.W. Perioto e eq. col., 33 ♀♀ / 30 ♂♂ ; Peruíbe, Estação Ecológica Juréia-Itatins , 24°31’06”S, 47°12’06”W, 06.v.2002, M. T. Tavares e eq. col., 1 ♀ ; Rio de Janeiro: Nova Iguaçu, Reserva Biológica do Tinguá , 22°34’32”S, 43°26’09”W, 06-09.iii.2002 (1), 05-08. iii.2002 (3), 08-11.iii.2002 (2), 09-12.iii.2002 (2), 08.iii.2002 (1), S. T. P. Amarante e eq. col., 4 ♀♀ / 5 ♂♂ ; Santa Maria Madalena, Parque Estadual do Desengano , 21°59’03.9”S, 41°57’08.4”W, 16-19.iv.2002 (7), 19-22.iv.2002 (7), A.M. Penteado-Dias e eq. col., 7 ♀♀ / 7 ♂♂ ; Espírito Santo: Linhares, Reserva Biológica Sooretama , 19°02’81.3”S, 40°08’58.0”W, 21-24.iii.2002, 06.iv.2002, C.O. Azevedo e eq. col., 2 ♀♀ ; Santa Teresa, Estação Biológica de Santa Lúcia , 19°58’14.9”S, 40°32’05.8”W, 06-09.iv.2001, C.O. Azevedo e eq. col., 1 ♀ ; Bahia: Ilhéus , Mata Esperança , 14°46’S / 39°04’W, 15-18.v.2002 (4), 18-21.v.2002 (1), 17.v.2002 (1), 19.v.2002 (1), A.M. Penteado-Dias e eq. col., 5 ♀♀ / 2 ♂♂ ; Mata de São João, Reserva de Sapiranga , 12°33’42.1”S, 38°02’43.8”W, 23-26.vii.2001 (1), 21.vii.2001 (2), 22.vii.2001 (2), 24.vii.2001 (2), M. T. Tavares e eq. col., 5 ♀♀ / 2 ♂♂ ; Porto Seguro, Estação Ecológica Pau Brasil , 16°22’17.7”S, 39°10’55.8”W, 16.v.2002 (1), 17.v.2002 (3), C.O. Azevedo e eq. col., 1 ♀ / 3 ♂♂ ; Sergipe: Santa Luzia do Itanhy, Reserva Ecológica do Castro , 11°22’37.9”S, 37°25’01.8”W, 01-04.viii.2001 (9), 29.vii-01.viii.2001 (10), 02-05. viii.2001 (1), 31.vii.2001 (14), 01.viii.2001 (8), M. T. Tavares e eq. col., 21 ♀♀ / 21 ♂♂ ; Alagoas: Quebrangulo, Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada , 09°18’57.6”S, 36°27’57.6”W, 08-11.ix.2002 (61), 11-14. ix.2002 (42), 08-14.ix.2002 (1), 11.ix.2002 (4) A.M. Penteado-Dias e eq. col., 32 ♀♀ / 76 ♂♂ ; Pernambuco: Recife, Parque dos Dois Irmãos , 08°03’14”S, 34°52’52”W, 17-20.vii.2002 (7), 20-23.vii.2002 (2), vii.2002 (2), S. T. P. Amarante e eq. col., 6 ♀♀ / 5 ♂♂ ; Paraíba: João Pessoa, Mata do Buraquinho , 07°08’25”S, 35°51’38”W, 28-31.vii.2002 (8), 25-28. vii.2002 (10), 27.vii.2002 (1), vii.2002 (1), S. T. P. Amarante e eq. col., 18 ♀♀ / 2 ♂♂. A.L. Quadros det.

Remarks: Aclista Förster, 1856 is a highly variable cosmopolite genus and one of the most speciose within Diapriidae ( Macek, 2007) . There are 159 described species of Aclista in the world ( Johnson, 1992), being Aclista bakeri Kieffer, 1909 (Chinandega, Nicaragua), Aclista polyrhytis Kieffer, 1909 (Granada, Nicaragua) and Aclista xanthosema Kieffer, 1916 ( Mexico) recorded in the Neotropics ( Kieffer, 1909, 1916). There are estimated one hundred species only in the region ( Hanson & Gauld, 2006). Most Aclista species were described by Kieffer (1916), but recognition is difficult using only these descriptions. Existing identification keys ( Nixon, 1957; Wall, 1967; Kozlov, 1978 and Macek, 2007) are not efficient for the identification of most recognized Aclista species ( Macek, 2005).

Distribution: Cosmopolite. Aclista species were recorded throughout the Atlantic Forest ( Fig. 24A ).

Biology: Poorly known; one female was bred from a mycetophilid fly pupa ( Nixon, 1957).

Figures

FIGURE 5: Forewing of four different Belytinae spp. (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) from Biota project (2000-2002): (A) male forewing of Aclista collected in CEPA Rugendas, SC; (B) male forewing of Camptopsilus collected in CEPA Rugendas, SC; (C) male forewing of Lyteba collected in Parque Estadual de Intervales, SP; (D) male forewing of Lyteba collected in Parque Estadual de Intervales, SP.

FIGURE 12: Head in frontal view of three different Belytinae spp. (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) from Biota project (2000-2002): (A) female of Aclista collected in Parque Estadual de Intervales, SP; (B) female of Belyta collected in Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, RJ; (C) female of Cinetus collected in CEPA Rugendas, SC.

FIGURE 15: Mesosoma in dorsal view of six Belytinae spp. (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) from Biota project (2000-2002): (A) female of Camptopsilus collected in Parque Estadual Serra do Mar, SP; (B) female of Camptopsilus collected in CEPA Rugendas, SC; (C) female of Aclista collected in Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL; (D) male of Belyta collected in Parque Estadual do Desengano, RJ; (E) male of Belyta collected in Mata da Esperança, BA; (F) male of Aclista collected in Parque Estadual Serra do Mar, SP.

FIGURE 18: Aclista sp. (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae, Belytinae), female colleted in the Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL (Biota project 2000-2002): (A) head, frontal view; (B) habitus, lateral view; (C) mesosoma, dorsal view; (D) forewing; (E) mesosoma, lateral view.

FIGURE 19: Mesosoma in lateral view of three Aclista spp. (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae, Belytinae), females collected by the Biota project (2000-2002): (A) from Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL; (B) from Parque Estadual Serra do Mar, SP (arrow indicates the tooth in the scutellar bridge); (C) from CEPA Vila da Glória (arrow indicates the tooth in the scutellar bridge).

FIGURE 20: Proximal part of Belytinae (eight different morphospecies) male antenna (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) from the Biota project (2000-2002): (A) Aclista from Parque Estadual de Intervales, SP; (B) Odontopsilus from Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, RJ; (C) Aclista from Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL; (D) Aclista from Parque Estadual do Desengano, RJ; (E) Aclista from Parque Estadual Serra do Mar, SP; (F) Aclista from Parque Estadual do Desengano, RJ; (G) Aclista from Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL; (H) Aclista from Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL.

FIGURE 21: Female antenna of six Aclista spp. (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae, Belytinae) from Biota project (2000-2002): (A) from Parque Estadual de Intervales, SP; (B) from CEPA Rugendas, SC; (C) from Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL; (D) from Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL; (E) from Reserva Biológica Pedra Talhada, AL; (F) from Parque Estadual de Intervales, SP.

FIGURE 24: Distribution of Belytinae genera (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) in the Atlantic Forest:(A) Aclista from Biota project (2000-2002), at a scale of 1:1000; (B) Odontopsilus from Biota Project (2000-2002), at a scale of 1:1000; (C) Miota from collection of the Federal University of Espírito Santo, at a scale of 1:300.